---

According to scientific and technological changes that are emerging in society, the necessity of using interdisciplinaries is unavoidable. Successful development and implementation of interdisciplinary curricula need evaluation and revision continuously. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the humanities interdisciplinary curricula in higher education of Iran. Now the question is: "How much the current status of the curricula in higher education of Iran is adapted with the desired status"? To answer this question, evaluative research method, based on mixed methods, has been ussed.The population of this research includes humanities interdisciplinary curricula in higher education of Iran. Methods of data collecting were determined according to research variables and four study groups. The findings indicate that all components of the curriculum (including objectives, content and topics, teaching and evaluation methods, and retraining courses) need to be reviewed and be changed fundamentally.

---

This paper wants to discover the role of teaching culture in type of teachers encounter to ‎modifications of math schedule of first grade of high school in Qaemshahr. Findings of ‎qualitative research by methodology of ethnography showed that teachers belief have been ‎evaluated to two positive perspective and critical perspective toward changes of math book ‎of ‎‏7‏th grade. Also they have presented two spectra of behavior in encountering changes in ‎math school books of the ‎‏7‏th grade: Full admission‏ ‏‎,‎‏ ‏Resistance and rejection. The research ‎results showed that understanding the culture of teachers is an essential factor to initiate ‎any reform that with improvement in attitude to change, teachers’ tendencies will be more ‎positive towards advancing ne schedules; it means that if teachers know the change useful ‎and necessary, they will perform them with more commitment and fidelity

---

This study aimed to examine the effects of integrating humor into math curriculum on mathematical creativity of sixth grade students in primary school. The current paper reports the results of the quantitative section of a larger study conducted through a mixed methods design. Mathematical creativity of students based on their performance was measured after the implementation of the researcher-developed package that included humor-integrated math content generated based on the concepts of sixth grade math textbook. Pre-test and post-test results showed that integration of some elements of instructional humor with math concepts can have positive effects on math creativity of the students. Suggestions are the development of humor-integrated curricula packages based on needs and requirements of the learners as well as the subject matters.

---

The aim of this study was to increase understanding of how to change theoretical and practical knowledge of primary school teachers. The research approach was qualitative. The data were collected through focus group interviews. The sample size was obtained after the saturation phase including 25 teachers. The data were analyzed using content /thematic analysis. Two techniques were used for increasing the trustworthiness of data including member check, and peer review or debriefing. The findings were labeled in three categories comprising the quality of theoretical and practical knowledge change, the change channels of theoretical and practical knowledge of teachers and the factors influencing the change of teachers' theoretical and practical knowledge. These categories embraced the sub-categories. As sum, the results revealed that the low quality of teachers' in-service curriculum bring the unimportant change in theoretical and practical knowledge of teachers. Design and development of teachers' in-service curriculum, needs change in instrumental perspective of designers and executives of curriculum-making toward change phenomenon in teachers.

---

This aim of the current research was presenting a conceptual model based on living experiences of internship curriculum. The research approach was qualitative and phenomenological. The instrument for data collection was a semi-structured interview and research data was gathered from 24 student-teachers, 15 Supervisor and 18 teacher-educator from different departments. The content of the living experiences of those groups was analyzed according to Colaizzeri pattern. The research results showed  the categories of curriculum internship experiences. Among Supervisor, 4 categories of knowledge, attitudes, organization and interaction, among teacher-educators, 3 categories including attitude , organization and interaction, and lastly among students-teachers 5 categories of cognitive, emotional, attitude, behavioral, interactions was developed. At the end of the research five points was proposed for improvement of the quality of internship curriculum.

---

---

The purpose of the present research was The pathology of Farhangian university internship for present an appropriate model. Mixed species research was used and Sequential explanatory method. The study population consisted of teachers, teachers' guides and Interns Farhangian university have been Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. Quantitative phase, teachers census method and the other two groups were sampled randomly. Purposive sampling was used in the qualitative phase.According to the results, Also, among the objectives, learning activities, time, space and evaluation of school education; The teachers took time component and two other groups, learning activities and assessment was unfavorable. In the qualitative phase of the seven themes of opportunity, challenge and 17 were 14 Requirements. Based on the findings and opinion of experts, a model with 14 factors in three areas of policy-making, implementation and support presented

---

This purpose of this study was offering a systematic review and a meta-synthesis of the theoretical patterns and studies conducted with the aim of contrasting and comparing teacher training in Iran and worldwide. The approach used in this study included discretional qualitative research synthesis which was fulfilled through content analysis and meta-synthesis. The total corpus for this study included studies, books, and theses conducted with contrastive goals in the field of teacher training in Iran and abroad during 2000 and 2017. The sample corpus included more than 10 books on contrastive education that was published in the past 15 years in Iran, 3 books in English, 35 studies, theses, and research in Persian and English. A conceptual framework was then formed based on the results for contrasting the teacher training systems which included 3 main aspects: a comprehensive program of education, social patterns and economic patterns.

---

The purpose of the study is to examine the effect of demographical variables on pre-service Teachers’ epistemological beliefs. This study carried out via quantitative approach and with the help of survey research method. The population is all the education pre-service Teachers in Shahid Hashemi Nejad Campus in Mashhad(562 people) in the academic year 2016-2017.The sample was selected based on Morgan Table (228 people) and the method of random classification sampling was used.Data were gathered through Epistemic Beliefs Inventory (EBI).The results revealed that pre-service Teachers’ epistemological beliefs are at the rather high level.There is no significant difference between pre-service Teachers’ academic year and their epistemological beliefs but there is a significant difference between pre-service Teachers’ marital status and their epistemological beliefs.Again there is no relationship between the academic achievement of pre-service Teachers’ and their epistemological beliefs.
 

---

The purpose of this study is understanding the Personal Practical Knowledge (PPK) of teachers which has been done through qualitative method. Understanding PPK helps us to understand why teachers act in a specific way. In this regards, reflecting on their personal and professional narratives also help to improve their practice. This study was conducted along with 13 teachers in a non-profit primary school in Tehran. The results of the study indicate teachers’ rich knowledge of factors affecting success of the teaching profession. However, the data obtained from the observations show the difference between what the teacher describes as a successful teacher and effective teaching, and what happens in their practice. The dynamic and contextual nature of the teacher's knowledge and the different meanings and interpretations of similar experiences and events and absence of reflection are the factors that cause this differences.

---

The concept of “synergy” initially emerged in bioscience and management science accordingly followed by its success in behavioral, social, political and relation science, synergy was applied in curriculum development. The concept of synergistic curriculum was formed which covers curriculum in a wider aspect. The so-called consept provides school educationalists with opportunities to put curriculum concept into practice which go beyond the conventional curriculum. The synergistic curriculum focuses on two sections of the curriculum: The silent and talking curriculum. The present article elaborate these points as well as the achivments of synergistic curriculum.
 

---

In the new internship program for Iranian Teacher Educaton Courses, a key role for the "supervisor" has been taken into account. This paper attempts to recapture the experience of living masters of the Guide, which has experience in implementing all the internship programs (1-4) that participated in its first implementation, through an interview with 26 people in 11 provinces of the country. The basis of this is the image of the internship program. The experience of this group shows that internship programs have been "accepted" and have been able to help develop student literacy competences, increase the ability of guidance teachers, and even improve the knowledge of guidance professors. However, the implementation of the first part of this program is accompanied by problems of implementation and support, and the professors of the internship guide believe that "the new internship program should be maintained" and, in some respects, "be amended".

---

The idea of pedagogy content knowledge in the three dimensions of "collectivepedagogycontent knowledge", "personal pedagogy content knowledge" and "in acted pedagogy content knowledge" is a window into the realm of educatorchr('39')s professional knowledge. The purpose of this study is to identify and investigate the components of personal pedagogy content knowledge that provides an important role in the understandingandeducationalorientationofeducators in real classroom status. In this study, a qualitative approach was used to identify and investigate the components of personal pedagogy content knowledge and11educators were selected in a targeted manner.Data collection and analysis were done simultaneously through interviews and class observations. Findings showed that the elements and components of educatorchr('39')spersonal content knowledge include five main components: thepurposeofcontent pedagogy, content realm, content and pedagogy, content and curriculum, content and valuation. The educators were classifiedintotwogroups, discipline-based and context-oriented, based on the educatorchr('39')s interpretations of the identified components
 

---

The present study aims to explore the impact of the hidden curriculum components on non-cognitive (affective) characteristics of learning of components on non-cognitive (affective) characteristics of learning of students in different high schools (public, non-public, magnet & exceptional talents high schools) to design better learning and educational environments. The research method is a mixed one by using a cross-sectional survey method in a quantitative way. In the cross-sectional method, the data were collected based on the h

---

This article is the result of examining the experiences of teachers in the field of using art in instruction and teaching non-art subjects. This research is a qualitative type of research, therefore, 57 teachers of Alborz and Tehran provinces were selected by the purposeful sampling method and 22 cases were collected. The tool for collecting data was interview, as well as a written form of an open-ended questionnaire. The analysis of the collected data is of thematic analysis type and was done with a three-step coding method to extract categories and themes. The reliability of the findings has been checked by presenting the results to the participants and colleagues in order to achieve reliability and compatibility, their validity has also been checked by the code review method. The findings of the research include three categories of findings related to why, how and results of using art in instruction and teaching.
 

---

The aim of this study was to analyze the experiences of teachers in the implementation of art curriculum in the context of virtual education in the first elementary school. For this purpose, qualitative research method with phenomenological approach was used. Participants in the study included first grade elementary school teachers in the academic year 1399-1400 .which reached a theoretical saturation by purposive sampling with 11 people. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. The data obtained from the interview were extracted by inductive content analysis method and using open coding technique in concept sections, subcategories and main categories. The most important categories extracted included new goals, creative assignments, new teaching methods, use of various games, art education websites, audio file (storytelling). Also, the most important benefits extracted included the use of various resources and materials in education, appropriate and optimal use of teaching time, more teacher communication with individual students.

---

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of multicultural literacy curriculum for students and teachers of Farhangian University. The approach of this research is mixed descriptive and its statistical population includes a small part of university-cultural university students, the sampling method was to select student-teachers from random clusters. Research method; Using a questionnaire with three components of multicultural knowledge, multicultural attitude and multicultural skills, and in the qualitative section, systematic analysis was used to find the components of multicultural literacy. In a small part, the results of this study indicated that the multicultural literacy of university students, teachers and educators was relatively good in the multicultural dimension and moderate in the multicultural dimension, but not at the desirable level in the multicultural dimension. According to the current situation of multicultural literacy of students and teachers, a model was designed and validated for the desired situation.

---

 In order to fully understand the concept of fraction, all of its sub-constructs must be considered and interrelated. The purpose of this study is to examine the presence of these sub-constructs and their level of use in elementary mathematics textbooks in Iran. A content analysis study based on Kieren's sub-constructs framework with five categories, namely; part-whole, measurement, ratio, quotient, and operator, was conducted to analyze all 2-6 grades’ mathematics textbooks’ activities and problems in chapters related to the concept of fraction. The results of the analysis showed that the most used sub-constructs respectively are: Part-Whole (49%), Measurement (22%), Ratio (16%), Operator (11%), Quotient (1%). There is very little attention given to the sub-construct of ‘quotient’ in these textbooks. Moreover, the potential of some sub-constructs has not been fulfilled.

---

The purpose of this research is to evaluate and analyze the content of the workbook and technology of the sixth grade based on the components of entrepreneurship in the three dimensions of knowledge, attitude and skill. which was done using a descriptive method of quantitative content analysis. The research community is the content of the 6th grade technology book  in 2019.  Its reliability and validity was obtained with the help of experts and triangulation method. The most attention was paid to the skills component (442) and the least attention was paid to the attitude component (51)..Also, under the sub-components of rules and regulations, risk-taking and effective communication, the highest percentage and the components of financial literacy, internal control and critical thinking have the lowest percentage, respectively, in the dimensions of knowledge, attitude and entrepreneurial skills.

---

The present article has been done with the aim of meta-analysis of the works of research teachers in Zanjan province and has used the combined meta-analysis method and six steps of Krippendorf. From the statistical population of 129 selected works of the province, 51 works have been selected as the study sample. Data were extracted with the help of three analysts using three checklists. Research findings in terms of form show more attention of research teachers (female, elementary school, intermediate work history,…) in the field of educaotin and learning, in the methodological view indicate more use of critical approach by research teachers in Problem solving, from the combined method in data collection and analysis, from the theoretical background in proposing solutions and also; In terms of cognitive concept, it indicates that most of the issues of teaching and learning are related to the structure and method of education.