Showing 22 results for Mathematics
Zahra Gooya, Mohammad Reza Fadaie, Zeinab A’gah,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (1-2014)
Abstract
The ways that mathematics teachers listen to students’ explanation, influence their understanding of students and their teaching activities. If teachers be informed about different ways of “listening” to students’ ideas and conceptions concerning mathematics, they might be able to use listening as an effective teaching method to enhance students’ mathematical learning. The related literature indicates that teachers’ familiarity with different “listening” approaches, could potentially help them to set up the stage for more interaction between students, teachers, and their learning environments. In such cases, students are gradually become skillful in realistically assessing their ideas, revising them and deepening their mathematical learning. We, thus, designed and conducted a study with five mathematics teachers in grades 6 to 8, to learn more about the ways they listened to students in their mathematics classes. All participants were volunteered female teachers with at least bachelor degree in mathematics. The research paradigm of the study was qualitative and the research method was phenomenography. Therefore, observations and interviews were the main instruments for the data collection. As Marton (1988) suggested, the categories of descriptions made up the main results of this research. So, the findings are three major and distinct categories to reveal the commonality and differences of the nature of “listening” concerning mathematics teachers in their classrooms. These categories had great consistency with Davis’ (1997) theoretical framework of three approaches to “listening” including evaluative, interpretive and hermeneutic.
Zahra Gooya,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract: In 1996 at the first Iranian Mathematics Education Conference (IMEC1) that was held in Isfahan. I obliged myself as a mathematics educator, to inform the mathematics community at large by presenting a paper entitled “what is mathematics education?” to pave the way for the establishment of the master program of mathematics education in Iran. Now, after 16 years, we need to reflect on this rapid development and ask ourselves that “what is not count as mathematics education”. In responding to this serious question, a metaanalysis was conducted that its data consisted of the PDF files of all the rejected research papers to the IMEC12 that were coded and all the personal identification for them were removed. The main purpose of this study is to reflect on what has happened in last 16 years, hoping to “learn from the past to avoid its repetition!”
Soheila Gholamazad,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract: In the late 70's, in reaction to both "New Math" movement in the United States and "mechanistic mathematics education" approach to mathematics education in Netherland, Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) has been introduced by Freudenthal and his colleagues. In this educational approach, Freudenthal considered mathematics as a human activity. Based on this approach, education should give students the opportunity to re-invent mathematics by doing appropriate activities. Recently, the National curriculum of Islamic Republic of Iran has been developed by the Ministry of Education to provide educational policies. In this document, an implicit emphasis on so called “realistic” aspect of the program can be seen in the mathematics curriculum framework section. In this paper, I first, introduce the different aspects of RME, and then this educational approach has been traced in the newly written mathematics textbooks in Iran.
Mani Rezaie,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract: Study on curriculum movement and variation of the mathematics textbooks in Iran is one of the fields that few studies have been accomplished, and in this field there have been no investigation reports or any particular results of such these studies. This paper deals with a short report of a comprehensive research in this field from the beginning of formal education curriculum in Iran for high school (1925) to 2008 (the time of gathering the data). In this research following subjects on high school curriculum are investigated: 1) Historical changes and overall evolution of formal educational system, 2) Five historic periods on changed of math textbooks, 3) Changes of curriculum based on the math subjects. I tried all the school textbooks to be considered and the content of them mathematically to be investigated. This paper deals with a conclusion by reviewing trigonometry as one of the school topics and its changes during this interval.
Aboulfazl Rafiepour,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is introducing modelling and application as a research domain in mathematics education through reviewing related literature. The first purpose of this review is to give a more clear meaning of modelling and application, and base on that, makes the distinction between modelling in mathematics education & modelling in other scientific domains. There are some other terms like Numeracy Quantitative literacy Mathematization and Word Problems that with some tolerance, are taken as equivalent term to modelling. However, modelling has salient differences with every one of them. Second purpose of this paper, is to introduce modelling cycle and its steps. Third, some researches who are working in the domain of modelling and application will be reviewed and then methodology and results of one of them will be mentioned. Finally, several open research questions for future research in the domain of modeling and application will be announced.
Mojtaba Eskandari, Ebrahim Reyhani,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (9-2014)
Abstract
Abstract: In the first part of this study, first a brief introduction of problem posing was present and then, some frameworks and classifications of problem posing were reviewed. In the second part of the study the research that has been conducted in Iran was introduced. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with experimental and control groups which aimed to investigate the impact of fostering mathematics problem posing skills on 8th grade students’ ability to solve mathematical problems. The findings of the first part showed that problem posing skills was associated with problem solving ability, creativity and divergent thinking, and they improved each other. Problem posing process also could be used as a tool to gain a greater awareness of what's going on in the minds of students. T-test analysis of the second part of paper showed that doing problem posing activities in the classroom made a significant difference in students' problem solving skills.
Maryam Mohsenpour, Zahra Gooya, Mohsen Shokuhiyekta, Alireza Kiamanesh, Abbas Bazargan,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Since the establishment of formal education in Iran, there has always been an emphasis on the application of mathematics in real life situation. To measure students’s competencies in applying mathematics in real life situations, there is a need to design a test with this purpose. During the current decade, PISA has been conducted in various countries to measure sudents’ competencies needed for solving real life problems in 15 years old. Because of the reliable systematic framework of PISA regarding mathematics literacy (ML) as a construct, agreed by mathematics experts, PISA framework has been chosen as a suitable framework to design a test to assess students’ competencies for ML. In this paper, we explain the stages of designing a similar test for the Iranian students of the same age. The approach to design the test is cognitive-diagnostic according to the framework of PISA and required modifications were made based on mathematics teachers’ viewpoints in Tehran. The final test items are based on three processes of mathematics literacy which consist of formulation employment and interpretation/ evaluation, and six cognitive competencies including communication, mathematising, representation, reasoning and argument, devising strategies for solving problems and using symbolic, formal and technical language and operations, in addition, four real context of personal societal occupational and scientific and finally four content area of quantity uncertainty and data change and relationships and space and shape.
Reza Rahimi, Alireza Assare, Bahramsaleh Sedghpour,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
The aim of this research is to study the components of creativity in elementary school curricula. The research method used in this research is content analysis. The information source of this research is the 6th Grade Mathematics textbook in the academic year 1391-92. To achieve face validity, the viewpoints of the educationalists and experts were used in this research, and to achieve reliability, according to Pearson’s formula of correlation, the agreement coefficient of 0/89 was derived from the codification board. The tool of this research is the content analysis form with regard to Plsek’s teaching creativity model. A coded form was used to analyze the content of 6th Grade Mathematics textbook this task was accomplished in four stages: at the first stage, active and inactive units of the textbook were specified. At the second stage, the inactive units were deleted. At the third stage, the active Units were coded based on the parameters of Plsek’s guided cycle of creativity, and at the fourth stage, data resulted from the research were analyzed by using Shannon Entropy analysis method and the descriptive statistics methods. The findings indicate that the degree of attention and involvement parameters of Plsek’s creativity model and the coefficient degree of importance for each parameters are very low, and so the contents of 6th grade mathematics textbook are nor adapted to the Plsek’s creativity principles and it hardly can be effective in generating and fostering creativity in learners.
Narges Mortazi Mehrabani, Zahra Gooya,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (6-2015)
Abstract
The present study is part of a bigger research project and its purpose was to investigate the influencing factors on integrating professional learning of secondary mathematics teachers with the ways in which they analyze, interpret and make decisions regarding their teaching. For the fine-grained analysis of the first layer of data, phenomenography method was used. Nine teachers were interviewed and based on the three main categories of “the presence of mathematics teachers’ educators as leading teachers’ groups”, “being familiar with various teaching methods and modify them according to personal characteristics of teacher, school and classroom” and “professional training of the cooperative group form” that were emerged in the bigger study. With the further analysis of the interviews, three sub- categories were shaped as well. They included “focusing on the specific goals and content in cooperative groups”, “considering mathematics teachers as adult learners not school students” and “the existence of common concerns between group members.
Ms Azam Zarghani, Dr Maghsood Aminkhandaghi, Dr Bakhtiar Shabani Varaki, Dr Nematollah Mosapour,
Volume 4, Issue 8 (2-2017)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to increase understanding of how to change theoretical and practical knowledge of primary school teachers. The research approach was qualitative. The data were collected through focus group interviews. The sample size was obtained after the saturation phase including 25 teachers. The data were analyzed using content /thematic analysis. Two techniques were used for increasing the trustworthiness of data including member check, and peer review or debriefing. The findings were labeled in three categories comprising the quality of theoretical and practical knowledge change, the change channels of theoretical and practical knowledge of teachers and the factors influencing the change of teachers' theoretical and practical knowledge. These categories embraced the sub-categories. As sum, the results revealed that the low quality of teachers' in-service curriculum bring the unimportant change in theoretical and practical knowledge of teachers. Design and development of teachers' in-service curriculum, needs change in instrumental perspective of designers and executives of curriculum-making toward change phenomenon in teachers.
Dr Masoud Geramipour, Dr Asghar Minae,
Volume 5, Issue 10 (3-2018)
Abstract
Curriculum Based Measurement (CBM) is a supervision method of student’s educational achievement through direct assessment of predicted skills in the curriculum. Although almost half a century passes from the introduction of CBM in the world, however it has not been considered in Iranian curriculum. So, the aim of this research was to introduce and investigate the impact of CBM on math achievement of elementary students in comparison with conventional methods of formative evaluation. The present study based on the goal is applied research and in term of data collection is quasi experimental method with control group and pretest for a sample of 3rd grade elementary students. Results of Analysis of Covariance showed that CBM has significant effect on elementary students’ math achievement. Based on this research results, it is recommended that CBM is used in elementary curriculum as a more effective method of formative evaluation.
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Volume 6, Issue 11 (9-2018)
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to compare the performance of grade-skipped students with their peers in mathematical reasoning and applying. In this study, gender and mathematical self-concept were considered as effective variables. This study was a part of a longitudinal study. The data analysis was performed through repeated measurements and the results showed that in applying math concepts, grade-skipped students outperformed their peers. However, there was no significant difference between grade-skipped students and their peers regarding the reasoning; although the 4th-grade students are better than the 3th-grade. The girls and boys showed the same function on applying, reasoning and between grade-skipped students and non- grade-skipped. Mathematical self-concept was also similar in three groups. It seems that grade-skipping does not have negative effects on math performance. Of course considering other academic contexts, emotional and social aspects and pursuing the effects of acceleration in long-term is necessary for informed decision-making in the field of grade-skipping. |
Ms. Haleh Sheikholeslami, Dr. Gholamali Ahmadi, Dr. Alireza Assareh, Dr. Ebrahim Reyhani,
Volume 7, Issue 13 (3-2019)
Abstract
Recently, the National curriculum of Islamic Republic of Iran has been developed by the Ministry of Education to provide educational policies. In this document, an implicit emphasis on so called context base aspect of the program can be seen in the mathematics curriculum framework section. In this paper, I first, introduce the different aspects of context base Mathematics Education, and then this educational approach has been traced in the newly written mathematics textbooks in Iran
Mrs Seyede Sedigheh Asgari, Dr. Ahmadreza Nasr, Dr. Mohamadjavad Liaghatdar, Dr. Ebrahim Reyhani,
Volume 8, Issue 15 (3-2020)
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between algebra content formation in mathematics textbooks and the mathematics teachers’ current knowledge. Based on this aim, we have considered three subjects: 1. mathematics teachers’ current knowledge of algebra, 2. the beginning and presentation methods of algebra content on the number of selected previous textbooks and 3.the role of previous textbooks content in teacher knowledge forming. Research Methodology had been a survey, content analysis, and historical and documentary analysis. This study showed that the teachers' knowledge and teaching methods do not coincide with the algebra content of the current seventh-grade mathematics textbook, and about 30% of teachers’ knowledge is based on the experiences of the previous textbooks.
Mr. Morteza ءortazavi, Dr. Zahra Gooya, Dr. Hasan Malaki, Dr. Soheila Gholamazad,
Volume 8, Issue 15 (3-2020)
Abstract
The present study aimed at identifying the challenges of “descriptive evaluation” program launched by the Ministry of Education in Iran in 2004, nationwide. The research was designed through employing qualitative approach and phenomenography to better understand the challenges which elementary teachers had with evaluation of “mathematics” as one of the subject matters. The participants of the study were 24 elementary teachers who voluntarily participated in this study. The data were collected through semi- structured interviews, a focus group and researchers’ field notes and their interactive discussions about interviews and focus group. Four main categories of challenges were identified: “policy- making”, “executive- education”, “conceptual” and “social- cultural”. It is concluded that a clearer picture of challenges that elementary teachers encounter with this program while teaching mathematics needs to be presented. It is necessary for policy- makers and planners to find more rational solutions for these challenges.
Dr Abolfazl Rafiepour, Miss Maryam Rahmani,
Volume 9, Issue 17 (3-2021)
Abstract
Main purpose of current study is Content analysis of mathematics textbooks in primary and secondary school in terms of the amount of activities which designed based on problem-posing approach. Type of this research is qualitative and mathematics textbooks in grades 1-9 which published in 1398 school year were considered as statistical population. In this regard, firstly, the key words that confirm the problem-posing were identified, then the situations were identified in the textbook, and finally the situations were categorized according to theoretical framework from literature. Finding of this research shows that there are only 40 problem-posing situations in these mathematics textbooks which 60 percent of them appeared in the second three years of primary school textbooks. Moreover 67.5 percent of these problem posing situation have semi-structured context. Comparison between the number of problem-posing activities and problem-solving activities in mathematics textbooks show that textbooks writers had little attention to problem-posing activities.
Soheila Gholamazad, Dr Zahra Gooya, Dr Alireza Kiamanesh,
Volume 9, Issue 18 (10-2021)
Abstract
This study is to explain the criteria and indicators of the ideal form of school mathematics curriculum in Iran. For this purpose, the national documents of the education system in Iran and related research findings to school mathematics curriculum were examined. The Akker’s ten-component model for the curriculum was adapted as the framework for this study. In order to ensure the balance and effectiveness of the curriculum, in this framework, each of the components address a specific question. By answering them, criteria for the components of the school mathematics curriculum were presented. The research method of the study was document analysis and qualitative content analysis in the form of inferential. To validate the presented criteria, a number of mathematics educators and curriculum specialists participated in this study. Finally, for each of the components introduced in the framework, the criteria and indicators of the ideal form of mathematics curriculum were determined.
Kobra Bahaloo Horeh, Zahra Gooya, . Mahbobeh Arefi, Koorosh Fathi Vajargah,
Volume 10, Issue 19 (3-2022)
Abstract
A research was conducted using qualitative approach, to identify the required knowledge for mathematics educators that are preparing prospective elementary teachers. Two mathematics educators from “Farhangian University” participated in this study. The data collected from four different sources observation of virtual classes of two participants while teaching multiplication and division of fractions, semi-structred interviews with participant, educators’ lesson plans and first author’s field notes. The classes hold virtually due to the Covid-19 pandamic. After many levels of systematic data reduction, three categories emerged as “the role of educators’ beliefs in teaching mathematicsL, “choosing challenging content for developing conceptual understanding of multiplication and division of fractions and “recognition of misconceptions of elementary students”. As a result, a theoretical framework developed for required knowledge of mathematics educators with four components as “knowledge of mathematics-content”, “knowledge of mathematics curriculum", "knowledge of students’ mathematics misconceptions” and “knowledge of modifying teaching to fit the situation.”
Mahboobe Zadshir, Alireza Assareh, Sohaila Gholamazad, Mohammad Reza Emam Jomee,
Volume 10, Issue 19 (3-2022)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to design and validate the elementary school math curriculum model based on cognitive approach. The research method is mixed. In the qualitative section, first, according to the findings of the research of Zadshir et al. (1401), the characteristics of the ten elements of the mathematics curriculum were extracted with a cognitive approach. Compiled and designed the initial model. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was used by the survey method to validate the designed model, and the designed program was validated by experts in cognitive sciences, mathematics education, and curriculum planning. And after reviewing the opinions of experts about the designed model, the final model was designed. In the last step, to validate the designed model, the data obtained from the quantitative part were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The obtained results indicate the validity of the designed model.
Dr Soheila Gholamazad,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (12-2022)
Abstract
Following the latest mathematics curriculum reform of the first cycle of elementary education in Iran and the experience of about a decade of implementation of this program, the aim of the present study was comparing the intended implementation of this program with the implemented mathematics curriculum. The framework used in this study is Akker's 10-element model, which considers the various components in the curriculum. Identifying the characteristics of the implemented mathematics curriculum in the first period of elementary school was done using the triangulation design. For this purpose, qualitative data were collected through observing the teaching process in classrooms, semi-structured interviews, teachers' reports, and focus groups. The findings of this study showed some differences, shortcomings and weaknesses in the implementation of the curriculum, which were discussed and presented separately for the elements of the program. Finally, 25 solutions emerging from the findings of this research were proposed for future planning.