Cognitive Psychology Journal

The Effectiveness of Emotional Working Memory Training on Improvement Behavioral Inhibition of People with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

zobair samimi

Being behavioral inhibition problems in people with obsessive-compulsive disorder outstands need for more notice to new therapeutic methods. Therefore, The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotional working memory training on improvement behavioral inhibition of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder. For this purpose, 20 people with obsessive-compulsive disorder were selected available sampling by using 2 instruments (SCID-I) & (YOCS) .Then they randomly divided into two groups, control and experiment. The experimental group participants were under emotional working memory training during 20 sessions. All participants were assessed during pre-training and post- therapy by go /nogo task. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there is a significant difference in go /nogo omission error and reaction time between two groups in post-test stage and scores of experimental group were less than the control group.
Regarding to the current study, it can be said that emotional working memory training is an appropriate choice for improvement behavioral inhibition of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The relation between function and working memory capacity and Students' reading performance:executive

The current research was conducted by the aim of studying the moderator role of age, Intelligence, and gender in relation to the Executive functions and reading function of elementary students.The sample included 250 students (124 boys and 126 girls) in elementary level that were selected by Multi-stage cluster sampling method among students of Karaj. Different functions were measured as these: Reading through reading test of Karami-noori and Moradi, intelligence by Raven's Progressive Matrices, working memory by Memory span test, attention by Continuous Performance Test, and planning and inhibition by Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions (brief). Statistical methods of Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used.The correlation results showed that there is a positive and significant relation between executive functions (working memory, inhibition, subjective planning, and attention) and reading. Regression analysis result showed that intelligence and gender have not a moderator role in the relation of executive functions and reading. But, age had a moderator role in the relation of executive functions and reading. The results of this research was consistent with Miyake's theory that believes executive functions are separate but related to each other, and individual differences of the students in these functions should be considered, because they affect their school performance.

Investigate visual-spatial attention and visual-manual dexterity skills in children with learning disorders and compare with normal children

Seyed Amir Amin Yazdi

The aim of this research was to investigate the visual-spatial attention and visual-manual dexterity skills in children with learning disorders and normal children . this is on Expost study. To do so, of elementary clinic of psychology of mashhad chity 15 children with learning disorders and 20 elementary normal children. Tools in research was include Corsi test and Pursuit rotor test. Mean scores of students with LD and normal students, there are significant differences in test corsi and Pursuit rotor test. According to visual - spatial attention and Visual-manual dexterity in children with learning disorders poor than normal children, these problems should be assessed in order to plan appropriate interventions.

Effectiveness of MEmory Specificity Training for Cognitive Vulnerability and Dissociative Experiences in Patients with PTSD

The current study aims reduction cognitive vulnerability and dissociative experiences in Patients with PTSD by MEmory Specificity Training. in the Semi- pilot with pre test-post test and follow up after one month, Combined control group,24 patiens (12 men & 12 women) Suffering of PTSD, selected via available sampling and were Randomly in experimental and control groups. Subjects in experimental group received MEmory Specificity Training in 4 sequential weekly sessions and control group Were placed in Waiting list. In both groups, Scores Were collected before and after the intervention and with month follow-up period by Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES-II), Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), The data were analyzed by Multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measures. findings Confirmed Effectiveness of MEmory Specificity Training That reduction cognitive vulnerability Related to avoidance, intrusive thoughts, Hyperarousal and reduction dissociative experiences in Dissociative Amnesia, Depersonalization/Derealization and Absorption/Imginative Involvement dimension in patients with PTSD.

Comparison of Executive functions and the Cognitive estimation and Interpretation bias in patients with Social Anxiety disorder and normal individuals

Fatemeh Gorjian

The aim of current study was to investigation the Compare executive functions and cognitive interpretation bias and cognitive estimation in social anxiety disorder patients and healthy controls. In this study, the sample was 100 students with Purposive sampling method selected from public university from the city of Tehran. This means that the first explanation was given about the research and the cooperation to sample every five Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Cognitive estimation, Cognitive Abilities Questionnaire and، Interpretation bias Questionnaire. Then 50 people who score above the cut-off point in Social Phobia Inventory And in the range of subclinical and clinical, and 50 people who score below the cut-off point gained in social anxiety questionnaire formed the sample. The data was analyzed through multivariable analysis of variance. In sum, the finding of current study Interpretation bias in social phobia patients is higher than normal Individuals and cognitive estimation and executive functions in individuals with social anxiety disorder compared to healthy individuals is flawed. So that students with social anxiety disorder have lower performance in the components of other groups of students. This problem must be identified and targeted intervention.

Role of Seductive Details in multimedia learning of science:Effects on Cognitive load and performance

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of coherent principlin multimedia learning environment. In doing so, the issue of the creation of lightening concept was represented via 4 different animation to junior students of secondary school (N=112). The first group observed the animation with the coherent concept, the second group watched the animation with seductive details with less interest (irrelevant details), the third group watched it with seductive details with more interest that led to emotional interest and the forth group watched the animation with seductive details with more interest that led to cognitive interest. Learning the process of lightening formation was evaluated via maintenance and transmission, the test of cognitive load was used for investigation of the amount of cognitive load of experience during training and response to question. For investigating the research hypotheses the one way ANOVA, contrast coefficient and follow test were used. Better performance of the fourth group in maintenance and transmission information compared with the third group indicates that the seductive details are not seductive always. On the other hand the better performance of the first group in one test of the information maintenance compared with the second and third group indicates the impact of coherent principle.

The Effect of Goal Setting on Improve the Declarative Memory Performance in Tasks with Low and High Cognitive Load

parvaneh shamsipour

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of goal setting on declarative memory performance in tasks with different cognitive loads. 60 female students were selected randomly and divided into short-term goals, long-term goals with high and low cognitive loads and the control groups. For this purpose, the Petersburg sleep quality questionnaire, Goldberg mental health questionnaire, inventory cognitive function, Annette handedness questionnaire, and Stroop software (task with high cognitive load) and color matching chain (task with low cognitive load) were used. All groups practiced four training sessions in four days based on type of goal setting instructions. The retention test was performed 24 hours after the acquisition phase. Data were analyzed using the factorial repeated measures ANOVA (acquisition phase), two-way analysis of variance, one way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test (retention test). Results showed significant differences among experimental groups in the acquisition phase (P<0.05). The short term goals group performed better than the other groups in the retention test and task with high cognitive load (stroop task). Also, the short term goals group had better performance than control group in the low cognitive load task (color matching task chain). Furthermore, comparing the groups in tasks with high and low cognitive loads in the retention test showed that the short and long term goals groups in task with high cognitive load performed better than the short and long term goals groups in task with low cognitive load. Thus, the results indicate that goal setting instructions are more effective in task with high cognitive load.