Cognitive Psychology Journal

Investigating the effectiveness of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on cognitive emotion regulation and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors

aysan sharei

Risky behaviors are common in adolescent populations worldwide. It is believed that the disturbance in emotion regulation and emotional inhibition leads to an increase in risky behaviors in teenagers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. The method of semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with a control group was conducted on all girls with high-risk behaviors who referred to Tehran counseling center in 2022. 30 teenage girls with risky behaviors were included in the study. Controlled study. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). After conducting the pre-test using Carver and White Behavioral Inhibition/Behavioral Activation Scale and Gross and John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the experimental group received metacognitive interpersonal training for 8 sessions of 90 minutes each week, while the control group received no training. did not. To evaluate the effect of training, a post-test was taken from both experimental and control groups. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS.23 software and multivariate covariance analysis method. The results showed that metacognitive interpersonal therapy caused a significant difference between the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. (P≥0.001). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that metacognitive interpersonal therapy has a positive effect on the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. Therefore, it can be said that this program can be used to help teenagers with risky behaviors.

Comparing the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and short-term cognitive rehabilitation protocol on Symptoms of hallucinations and delusions in the elderly with mild Alzheimer's disease

Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and short-term cognitive rehabilitation protocol on Symptoms of hallucinations and delusions in the elderly with mild Alzheimer's disease. The research method was an extended experiment with two experimental groups and one control group, which was conducted using the pre-test and post-test method. The statistical population included all elderly people over 65 years of age with mild Alzheimer's who had referred to a neurologist in 1401, and among these people, 60 people were selected by available sampling and then randomly. They were assigned in two experimental groups and one control group (20 people in each group). Then, the independent variables of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for 10 sessions of 20 minutes once a week on an experimental group and a short-term cognitive rehabilitation program for 9 sessions (90 minutes each session) It was designed according to the documentary method and based on Luria's (1963) healthy function replacement approach, and after confirming the validity of the content by experts, it was applied to the second experimental group once a week, and no intervention was performed on the third group. After the end of the intervention, the post-test was conducted with an interval of one week on the experimental and control groups. After one month, the studied groups were followed up again. Neuropsychological Questionnaire (NPI) was used to collect data. The results showed that both methods improve hallucination symptoms in the elderly with mild Alzheimer's and there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two methods. while they had no significant effect on the delusion variable. Therefore, it can be concluded that both methods can be used to improve hallucinations in the elderly with mild Alzheimer's disease.

The effectiveness of cognitive empowerment of mental states on the ability to read minds (theory of mind) of substance dependent people

Mahmoud Najafi

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive empowerment of mental states on the mind reading ability of substance dependent people. The current study was a quasi-experimental type with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. 30 drug addicts with the same conditions in terms of age, education, occupation, etc. were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The participants responded to the eye reading test (Baron-Cohen test) in the pretest and posttest. The experimental group was subjected to the intervention of the cognitive empowerment program (Terme program) and the control group did not receive any intervention. The results of covariance analysis showed that cognitive empowerment (Terme program) is effective on the ability to read minds (theory of mind) in drug dependent people. In fact, the Terme program has improved the ability to read minds through the eyes in drug dependent people. Based on the results of the present research, it is possible to use the cognitive empowerment program (Terme program) in the ability to read minds through the eyes for drug dependent people.

The Discriminat Role of Metacognitive Beliefs, Identity Styles, Negative Repetitive Thoughts, Resilience in Prediction Tendency to High-Risk Behaviors in girls aged 16-18 years

Kianoosh Zahrakhar

Abstract
The risk-taking behaviors have increased among Iranian girls in recent years and risk-taking behaviors endanger their physical, mental, and social health. Therefore, present study aimed to discriminational role of metacognitive beliefs, identity styles, negative repetitive thoughts, resilience in prediction tendency to high-risk behaviors in girls aged 16-18 years. The research design was a two-group diagnostic function. The statistical population consists of all girls students aged 16-18 years in Karaj city in year academic 2019-2020. In this study, according to convenience sampling method, 360 people female students by formula Kline (2016) were selected as samples and participants were divided into two groups (64 girls as high risk and 296 girls as normal). Participants responded to Iranian adolescents risk-taking scale of Zadeh Mohammadi and et al (2011), meta-cognitions questionnaire of Cartwright-Hatton & Wells (1997), revised identity style inventory of Berzonsky and et al (2013), repetitive thinking questionnaire-10 of McEvoy and et al (2014) and resilience scale of Connor and Davidson (2003). Data were analyzed by SPSS-24 software, using discriminant analysis method. The results showed that metacognitive beliefs, identity styles, negative repetitive thoughts, resilience can help to prediction tendency to high-risk behaviors. Function discriminant analysis assigned 98/1 percent of the normal girls and high-risk behaviors. Based on the results of the present study, metacognitive beliefs, identity styles, negative repetitive thoughts, resilience is an important step in identifying the factors that are effective in tendency to high-risk behaviors in adolescents. Therefore, the results study can be useful for the design and development of on tendency to high-risk behaviors in adolescent’s prevention programs.

The Effectiveness of HAMRAH Cognitive Rehabilitation Package on Improving Visual Perception in Students with Dysgraphia

Jahangir Karami

children with dysgraphia have several visual perception. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of HAMRAH cognitive rehabilitation package on improving visual perception in children with dysgraphia. A semi-experimental in the form of pretest-posttest control group design was used. 40 primary school students with dysgraphia who referred to counseling centers in Kermanshah city in the academic year 2022/2023 were selected. Among them, 40 who were willing to cooperate and were also available according to the entry criteria (having at least three components among the diagnostic criteria of dysgraphia, student and parent satisfaction) and withdrawal (being under other interventions) and after obtaining informed consent, they were randomly selected and and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. After performing the pre-test on both groups, a 12-session HAMRAH cognitive rehabilitation package was performed on the experimental group. Then both groups received the post-test. The data were analyzed using covariance. The results showed that the Hamrah cognitive rehabilitation package has an effect on improving visual perception and its components (spatial communication, spatial perception and shape stability) in children with dysgraphia (P<0.01). However, there was no significant effect on the components of shape-background recognition and motor-visual coordination. It can be concluded that the Hamrah cognitive rehabilitation package can be used as a single treatment or along in combination psychological therapies for students with dysgraphia.

Diagnostic role of the components of academic self-regulation and cognitive flexibility in differentiating students with high and low academic performance

Siavash Sheikhalizadeh

The aim of this study was to differentiate students with high and low academic performance based on the components of academic self-regulation and cognitive flexibility. The study type was causal-comparative and its statistical population included all male and female high school students in Khaf city in the academic year 2022-2023, among whom finally 371 individuals were selected by cluster sampling, according to Krejcie and Morgan’s table. Data were collected using Dennis and Vanderwall (2010) Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, Sevari and Arabzadeh Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire (2013), and the first semester GPA of 2022-2023 academic year. Data were analyzed using discriminant analysis. The findings of discriminant analysis led to a significant discriminant function which showed the components of controllability perception, Alternatives perception and organization had the highest differentiation power (p <0.01). The results of the discriminant analysis showed that according to the obtained function, 86.2% of students in the two groups were correctly reclassified which indicates the ability of these components to differentiate students at different levels of academic performance.

The Relationship between Thinking Styles and Decision-Making Styles with The Mediation of Problem Solving Employees of Startups

Marzie Hashemi

The research was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between thinking styles and decision-making styles with the mediation of problem solving among startup employees. The research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research included all employees in the field of startups in Tehran in 1401. 300 people were selected by available sampling method and responded to research tools including questionnaires of thinking style (Sternberg, 1994), decision making style (Scott and Bruce, 1995) and problem-solving skills (Heppner, 1988). Analysis of research data using descriptive statistics methods (prevalence, percentage, mean and standard deviation), Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression and structural equation modeling and path analysis statistical method with SPSS-26 software and Amos is done. Based on the findings, the proposed model had a good fit in structural equations and causal relationships between the mentioned variables. In general, in the proposed model of the research, it was found that the decision-making style is related to the thinking style both directly and indirectly through the problem-solving skills of the startup employees (P<0.05). The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between problem solving skills and its dimensions with decision-making style (P<0.05) and between thinking style and its dimensions with decision-making style. The collected data are consistent with the desired structural model and have a good fit. Therefore, the relationship between thinking styles and decision-making styles is confirmed with the mediation of problem-solving skills in startup employees.