Dr. Somayeh Daneshvar, Prof. Mohammad Reza Taghavi,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Objective: Working memory executive deficits have a role in maintaining Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms including flashbacks and reexperiencing. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to compare the visual and verbal Proactive Interference in trauma-exposed individuals with and without PTSD.
Method: In this retrospective study, we recruited subjects through the purposive sampling method. We compared 30 survivors of road traffic accidents with PTSD with 30 trauma-exposed individuals without PTSD in terms of visual and verbal Proactive Interference. Measuring tools included the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder semi-structured Interview for DSM-V, the Beck Depression Inventory-II and the Recent Probes Task. Data were analyzed using mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS-21 software.
Results: Subjects of the PTSD group reported higher levels of visual and verbal Proactive Interference than the control group. Moreover, patients with PTSD indicated higher deficiencies in visual working memory than verbal working memory.
Conclusion: Patients with PTSD show deficiencies in controlling proactive interference that should be taken into consideration through their treatment procedure.
Mrs Nazanin Zahra Rustayi, Mr Ali Mohammadzadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of the effect of sleep disorders on learning problems with the mediating role of cognitive flexibility in children. This research was a descriptive-correlation study. The statistical population of the research included all primary school students (ages 9 to 12 years) in district 3 of Marand city in 2023. From this society, 300 students were selected by staged cluster sampling method. Data collection tools included Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Data analysis was done using Pearson correlation in spss version 26 and structural equation analysis in AMOS version 21. Data analysis showed that children's sleep disorders have a direct and positive effect on cognitive flexibility and learning problems, and cognitive flexibility also has a direct and positive effect on learning problems, which were statistically significant. Also, children's sleep disorders had a significant indirect effect on learning problems through cognitive flexibility in a positive way. These results mean the importance of maintaining and improving the quality of children's sleep to support the learning process and improve their cognitive performance. Therefore, paying attention to healthy sleeping habits and creating a suitable sleeping environment for children can be effective in increasing cognitive flexibility and reducing their learning problems.
Ghazaleh Nikbin, Ali Akbar Saremi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of psycho neurocognitive therapy on reduction of clinical symptoms and improvement of executive function (behavioral regulation and meta-cognition) in patients with major depression. The research method was conducted as a case study with a multiple baseline design. The study population included all patients referred to psychiatric and clinical psychology treatment centers in Mashhad with a diagnosis of major depression which among those 6 cases were selected through purposeful sampling who underwent psycho neurocognitive therapy for 12 sessions. The research tools included the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS), and Function Executive of Inventory Rating Behavior (BRIEF-A). Data were analyzed using graphical and pictorial analysis, percentage improvement indices, effect size, and Cohen's d. The results showed that psycho neurocognitive therapy significantly reduced clinical symptoms and improved executive functions (behavioral regulation and metacognition) in patients with major depression. The findings of this study indicate that psycho neurocognitive therapy can be used as an effective approach in improving the cognitive and psychological aspects of patients with major depression.
