Showing 10 results for Ahmadi
Mansur Beyrami, Yazdan Movahhedi, Morteza Pourmohammadi, Hanieh Kharrazi, Leila Ahmadi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (2-2015)
Abstract
This study aim to compare the cognitively biased information processing in anxiety, depression and was normal people. The study was causal-comparative study of 50 subjects anxious subjects, 50 subjects with depression and 50 normal subjects were formed by students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were selected using data Bvdnd.grdavry anxiety scales and Beck Depression scale psychological symptoms and clinical interviews, tests, and test complete root words were a reminder properties and data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that explicit and implicit memory between the three groups, anxious, depressed and normal in terms of positive, negative, and there was a significant threat, while threatening words of anxious, depressed subjects with negative words and positive words of ordinary scores were higher. But there was no significant difference in terms of neutrality between the three groups. It can be concluded that information processing in explicit and implicit memory bias creates and causes the information to be more consistent with the mood.
Maryam Ahmadi, Dr Alireza Moradi, Dr Jafar Hassani,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (9-2016)
Abstract
The present research aims to compare the cognitive performance of the adolescents suffering from MDD and PTSD in the working memory and information processing. the selected sample in this casual-comparative study included 15 MDD patients, 15 youth PTSD subjects and 15 normal subjects who were matched by age, IQ, sex as well as social and economic status variables. The tool package employed in this investigation comprised child depression inventory (CDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), Wechsler’s Memory and Intelligence Test, and The Information Processing Index Test. Findings were analyzed using the ANOVA, MANOVA analysis statistical method.as indicated by our result, in the verbal memory there is a significant difference between groups of depression and PTSD and between depressed and normal subjects. in the reverse spatial working memory there are significant differences between normal and PTSD. in the visual memory and information processing, the significant difference is between normal and both PTSD and depressed.The findings of this study confirm the disorders of working memory and speed of information processing in adolescents with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.
Dr Saeed Akbari Zardkhaneh, Farshad Ahmadi, Mojtaba Mahdavi,
Volume 5, Issue 4 (1-2018)
Abstract
In regard to collecting data, method of the study was descriptive - instrument making one Item analysis, internal consistency cofferient and test-retest demonstrated that the items and factors were satisfactory. Confirmatory factor analysis, also, confirmed the model with five factors. Therefore CD had a proper validity and reliability to measure Cognitive Disability amony Iranian people. Thus, it can be employed as an instrument in related research and treatment.
Dr. Ebrahim Ahmadi, Dr. Hojjat Hatami, Dr. Ebrahim Rangraz,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (volume7, Issue 3 2019)
Abstract
When people want to make an emotional decision, they may avoid information that can make a rational decision stronger. With the aim of investigating information avoidance as a strategy to facilitate emotional decisions and in an experimental design, a call for participation in this study was sent to thirty thousand mobile phone subscribers in Tehran and Karaj and finally 383 people (149 men) with a mean age of 32 years participated in this research. First, participants were faced with rational and emotional choices, and then their information avoidance was measured. Participants were then randomly assigned to three groups and were given the same information they had avoided in three different ways. Finally, participants chose one of the two options and their desire for emotional choice was measured. Z Test and logistic regression analysis showed that most of the participants avoided information, but the same information affected their decisions, the participants who avoided information, chose more emotional choices, and the more the participants desire for emotional choice, the more their information avoidance. So, people avoid information to make emotional decision making easier.
Dr. Ebrahim Ahmadi,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (volume9, Issue 4 2022)
Abstract
| According to history, humans have never stopped fighting with each other and this endlessness and permanence of wars cannot have only external causes (threats) rather, it also has internal and psychological causes and identifying these causes is essential to reducing wars. The present study aimed to identify one of the psychological causes of the endlessness of human wars and assumed that war gives meaning to human life and therefore, humans do not like to end it. In order to test this hypothesis, 397 participants (190 males) with a mean age of 35 years were employed for this study among 30,000 subscribers of Hamrahe Aval and Irancell in Tehran and Karaj. In an experimental study, participants were randomly assigned to experimental group (which the Iran-Iraq war was highlighted in their minds) and control group (which the scientific advances of the Iranians were highlighted in their minds) and then meaning making from wars (mediating variable) was measured by Tedeschi and Calhoun (1996) test and agreement with militarism/permanence of wars (dependent variable) was measured by Vail and Motyl (2010) test. ANOVAs showed that experimental group makes meaning from wars and agrees with militarism/permanence of wars more than control group, and conditional process modeling showed that the salience of war in the minds of the subjects has led to agreement with the militarism/permanence of war "through" the meaning making from wars. So, humans get the meaning of life from war, and this is one of the reasons why human wars are endless. |
Dr. Ebrahim Ahmadi,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (volume10, Issue 3 2023)
Abstract
| Previous findings have shown the many functions of nostalgia, for example, increasing mental health, and the current research aimed to explain those findings by testing the theoretical explanation that the benefits of nostalgia come from the fact that nostalgia reminds us of our intrinsic self. Aiming to investigate the effect of nostalgia on authenticity (intrinsic self-expression) and extrinsic self-definition (concern about meeting society's standards and the expectations of others), Out of 30,000 mobile phone subscribers in Tehran and Karaj, 451 (200 men) with an average age of 40 years were sampled by the convenience method and in an experimental design were randomly assigned to two groups of nostalgia (who thought of a nostalgic memory) and no nostalgia (who thought of an ordinary memory). Intrinsic self-expression was measured by the Authenticity Inventory (Kernis and Goldman, 2006) and extrinsic self-definition by the Extrinsic Contingency Focus Scale (Williams et al., 2010). T-tests showed that the nostalgia group rated their past personality more authentic and reported less extrinsic self-definition and Conditional Process Modelling showed that nostalgia reduced extrinsic self-definition by increasing authenticity. Based on these findings, nostalgia can help in the treatment of mental disorders. |
Bahare Mohammadi, Seyed Amirhossein Mousavi, Sara Shah Mir, Fateme Baba Ahmadi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Volume12, Issue 2 2024)
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the structural model of cognitive depression based on early maladaptive schemas with the mediation of cognitive processing of personality traits in students. The research method was correlational and based on structural equation modeling. A sample of 300 students from Tehran universities was selected using a multistage cluster sampling method. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, 1961), Young’s Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (1998), Cognitive Processing Questionnaire, and the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling in SPSS version 25 and AMOS version 22. The results showed that the proposed model did not exhibit an adequate fit. Direct effect analysis indicated that early maladaptive schemas had a significant positive impact on cognitive depression and personality traits. However, the examination of indirect effects revealed that early maladaptive schemas did not mediate cognitive depression through the cognitive processing of personality traits. Overall, the findings suggested that early maladaptive schema components can directly influence students' cognitive depression, but this effect is not significant through the mediation of cognitive processing of personality traits.
Adnan Vaezi, Hossein Bigdeli, Mohsen Ahmadi Tahor Soltani ,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (Volume 13, Issue 1, Spring 2025 2025)
Abstract
| The present study aimed to analyze the structural model of adolescents’ achievement goal orientation based on theory of mind and working memory within a cognitive-social framework. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), the study investigated the direct and indirect effects of theory of mind on the four dimensions of achievement goal orientation (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, and performance-avoidance), with working memory as a mediating variable. The research design was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population included all high school students (second level) in Qom Province during the 2023–2024 academic year. A sample of 315 students was selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Achievement Goal Orientation Questionnaire (Elliot & McGregor, 2001), the Theory of Mind Questionnaire (Baron-Cohen, 2001), and the Working Memory Test (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). SEM results revealed that theory of mind significantly predicted achievement goal orientations, both directly and indirectly through working memory. A significant positive relationship was also found between theory of mind and working memory. The model showed a good fit, underscoring the crucial role of cognitive-social processes in shaping adolescents’ academic motivation. |
Mojtaba Ahmadi, Associate Professor Gholamreza Chalabianloo, Associate Professor Reza Abdi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Volume 13, Issue 1, Summer 2025 2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Unified Protocol (UP) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) treatment on working memory and continuous attention in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The research design employed a quasi-experimental framework, featuring a pre-test and post-test design with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population consisted of patients diagnosed with GAD who sought treatment at clinics and specialized neuropsychiatry centers in Tehran during the first half of 2024. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of 45 individuals (31 women and 14 men) was selected through purposive sampling and equally allocated (15 individuals in each group) into the UP intervention group, the combined UP and tDCS intervention group, and the waiting list group. The Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-V), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Corsi Block Test (to assess working memory), and the Clock Test (to assess continuous attention) were utilized as assessment tools. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS-26 statistical software, employing analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The findings indicated that the use of the UP protocol, both alone and in combination with tDCS, led to a significant improved in working memory and continuous attention (P<0.05). Furthermore, this study suggests that both UP intervention and the combined intervention (UP+tDCS) are effective approaches to improve working memory and continuous attention in GAD patients and may serve as a novel strategy for managing this disorder and improving executive functions.
Mahsa Rohani Otaghs Sara, Afsaneh Khajound Khoshli, Elnaz Pooaahmadi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (Volume 13, Issue 1, Summer 2025 2025)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on marital conflict and the cognitive representation of partner responsiveness in women affected by infidelity. Marital infidelity is considered one of the most severe crises in intimate relationships, leading to extensive consequences such as increased marital conflicts and impairment in the perception and representation of partner responsiveness. Schema therapy, as an integrative and in-depth approach focusing on identifying and modifying early maladaptive schemas, can help rebuild emotional and cognitive patterns in couples. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design with pretest–posttest and a control group. The statistical population consisted of all married women who referred to counseling centers and psychological clinics in Babol during the winter of 2024 and had reported experiencing marital infidelity. Among them, 45 participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to three groups: schema therapy, compassion-focused therapy, and control. The schema therapy group received ten ninety-minute sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using the Marital Conflict Questionnaire and the Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale, and analyzed through multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The findings indicated that schema therapy significantly reduced marital conflicts and improved the cognitive representation of partner responsiveness in women affected by infidelity (p < 0.01). Furthermore, schema therapy was more effective than compassion-focused therapy in reducing marital conflict. Based on these results, schema therapy can be considered an effective intervention for improving the psychological consequences of infidelity and may be applied in family counseling centers and clinical interventions for marital crises.
