Showing 4 results for Self-Efficacy
Zahra Jafaripanji, Mahdieh Rahmanian, Hossein Zare,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of teaching critical thinking based on the Powell-Elder model on improving the cognitive and self-efficacy of teens in Tehran.
Method: The research method was an applied and experimental type (post-test pre-test with control group). The statistical population consisted of all adolescents aged 13 to 16 years old in District 2 of Tehran. Data were analyzed by using a sampling method for 40 primary school students in Spring school as a sample group. A randomized trial was performed on 20 subjects in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The data gathering tool was a Cognitive Distortion Questionnaire (Abdollahzadeh and Salar, 2010), Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (SEQ-C) (2001). The experimental group was placed under the teaching of Powell-Alder Critical Thinking for 9 consecutive 90-minute sessions. Data were analyzed by multivariate covariance statistical tests using SPSS software.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant (P> 0.05) critical thinking education on reduction of cognitive distortions and increasing self-efficacy in adolescents in Tehran.
Conclusion: Considering the importance of the role of critical thinking on self-efficacy and cognitive distortions, school curricula should be organized in such a way as to rethink curriculum planning and curriculum in order to find ways to develop adolescents themselves and plan to prevent cognitive impairment.
Zahra Mohseninasab, Somaye Saket, Masoome Deilami Pooya, Samaneh Basiti, Sahel Jafari,
Volume 12, Issue 1 (6-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of mindfulness training on executive functions (working memory and attention) and self-efficacy in patients with anxiety disorders. The sample of this research included 30 people from the mentioned community who were selected by available sampling method. 15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group were randomly divided. The research design was semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test with control and experimental groups. The measurement tools included Gioia et al.'s executive function questionnaire (2000) and Scherer's general self-efficacy. To implement, at first, a pre-test was taken from both groups. Then the experimental group underwent mindfulness intervention during 8 sessions of 90 minutes, then a post-test was taken from both groups. Data analysis was done using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCVA) and one-way covariance analysis (ANCVA). The results of the research showed that mindfulness training has a significant effect on executive functions (working memory and attention) and self-efficacy of patients with anxiety disorders.
Miss Hadis Valizadeh, Dr Shahram Mami, Dr Homeira Soleimannejad, Dr Zeinab Mihandoost,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) and Time Perspective Therapy (TPT) self-Efficacy of quitting in individuals with substance dependence. This quasi-experimental research employed a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design. The statistical population included all individuals with substance dependence who referred to addiction treatment centers in Kermanshah in 2024. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 eligible participants were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to three groups (two experimental and one control), each consisting of 20 individuals. The Self-Efficacy of Quitting Scale (Bramson, 1999) was administered during the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases. Data were analyzed using repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc tests at a significance level of 0.05 via SPSS-26. The findings revealed a significant difference between the control group and both treatment groups regarding self-Efficacy of quitting. Both metacognitive therapy and time perspective therapy significantly increased self-Efficacy of quitting, and these effects remained stable during the follow-up phase. Furthermore, metacognitive therapy proved to be more effective than time perspective therapy in enhancing self-Efficacy of quitting. Based on these results, although both treatments can be used to improve self-Efficacy of quitting in individuals with substance dependence, metacognitive therapy may offer greater practical implications for psychologists and psychiatrists due to its superior effectiveness.
Maliheh Pazooki, Elahe Jafarpoor, Zahra Hajati, Sara Malakmohammadi,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (3-2025)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of cognitive self-efficacy in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological vitality in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder. The statistical population consisted of all clinical medical students at Golestan University in 2024, from which a sample of 120 students was selected through non-random convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Young Schema Questionnaire – Short Form (1998), the Cognitive Self-Efficacy Scale by Sherer et al. (1982), and the Psychological Vitality Scale developed by Kahn and Crawford (2003). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that early maladaptive schemas had a significant negative relationship with psychological vitality, and this relationship was mediated by reduced cognitive self-efficacy. In other words, early maladaptive schemas lead to decreased psychological vitality in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder by weakening cognitive self-efficacy. These findings highlight the importance of addressing early maladaptive schemas and enhancing cognitive self-efficacy as therapeutic strategies to improve psychological vitality and overall mental well-being in individuals suffering from anxiety. Accordingly, it is recommended that psychological interventions simultaneously target schema modification and self-efficacy enhancement.
