1. Required files to upload when submitting the manuscript
   • Manuscript (with authors' names)
   • Manuscript (without authors' names)
   • Extended abstract in English
   • Commitment
   • Conflict of Interest
   • Suggested reviewers (at least 3 reviewers)

2. Required files to upload (Revised version)
   • Response to reviewers
   • The revised manuscript-marked (without the authors' names)
   • The revised manuscript-marked (with authors' names)
3. How to prepare different sections of the manuscript Title of the manuscript
   • The title should be as concise as possible, meaningful, comprehensive, and express the main content of the article.
   • The title should be free from abbreviations.

Authors' names and affiliations

• • The authors, their orders and their affiliations will appear in the published article as entered by the corresponding author and will not be changed later.
  • The affiliations of all authors should be listed in the order of scientific position, department, faculty, university, city, country.
  • The corresponding author should be indicated by the symbol (*).

Abstract (Persian and English)

• • Abstract should be about 200 to 300 words and the English abstract should be written exactly according to the Persian abstract.
  • Abstract should include all the points discussed in the text.

• • Abstracts should not contain citations.

Keywords

• • Keywords should be up to 7 words/expressions and should be written immediately after the Persian and English abstract.
  • English keywords are translations of Persian keywords.
  • Use a comma (,) between keywords.

Introduction

• • Background information: Provide context and background for the research topic.
  • Problem statement: Define the problem or gap in knowledge that the research addresses.
  • Literature review: Summarize relevant previous studies and identify their limitations.
  • Research objectives/questions: Clearly state the objectives or questions that guide your research.
  • Hypothesis: If applicable, state the hypothesis that the study will test.
  • Significance of the study: Explain the significance and potential impact of your research.
  • Overview of methodology: Briefly describe your approach to investigating the problem.
  • Structure of the paper: Outline how your article will be organized.

Analytical methods

• Sample preparation: Describe how you prepared your samples for analysis.
• Analytical techniques: Describe the techniques and instruments used for analysis.
• Calibration: Explain how the instruments were calibrated, including any standards or references.
• Procedure: Provide a step-by-step description of the analytical procedures followed.
• Replicates and controls: Include how many replicates were analyzed and if control samples were used.
• Data processing: Describe how the raw data were processed, including any software or statistical methods used.
• Quality assurance: Describe any steps taken to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results, such as validation or cross-checks.

Results and discussion

• Presentation of results: Clearly presenting the results using figures, tables, and text.
• Interpretation of data: Interpreting what the results mean in the context of the research question or hypothesis.
• Comparison to previous studies: Discussing how the findings compare to previous research.

• Explanation of unexpected results: If applicable, providing explanations for any unexpected results.
• Implications: Discussing the implications of the findings for the field of study and possible future research.
• Limitations: Acknowledge any limitations of the research that may affect the interpretation of the results.

Conclusion

• Summary of key findings: Briefly summarize the main findings of the research.
• Interpretation: State what these findings mean in the context of the research question or field of research.
• Significance: Highlight the significance and broader implications of the research.
• Recommendations: Suggest potential areas for future research or practical applications.
• Final Statement: Conclude with a strong, conclusive statement that emphasizes the value and impact of the research.

Acknowledgement

• Any financial support received for the research.
• Individuals who contributed to the work but do not meet the criteria for authorship.
• Any support provided by affiliated institutions.
• Individuals who provided valuable feedback on earlier versions of the manuscript.
• Those who provided personal assistance.

References

• To refer to references with one author, two authors, and more than two authors, follow these patterns: (Davidson, 2023); (Davidson and Miller, 2021); (Davidson et al., 2021).
• References should be arranged alphabetically without numbering.
• Journal names should be written in full, not abbreviated.
• Use the following examples:

English Extended Abstract

• The English extended abstract must be at least 1000 words (excluding references). In the English extended abstract, a limited number of important files of the article, including graphic files and Tables and a limited number of references could be provided. Graphic files and Tables must be captioned and numbered.
• In the English extended abstract, it is allowed to use limited citations that are used in the main text.
• The English extended abstract has the following structure: Introduction Materials and Methods Results and Discussion Conclusion

Format of the manuscript

• The text should be presented in one column.
• The margin of the page should be set to 3 cm from each side.
• Set the line spacing to multiple 1.15.
• The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 cm.