دوره 7، شماره 26 - ( 10-1395 )
سال7 شماره 26 صفحات 165-141 |
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mahmodzadeh M, fathabadi M. Driving Factors of Total Factor Productivity in Iranian Manufacturing Industries. jemr 2016; 7 (26) :141-165
URL: http://jemr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-1371-fa.html
URL: http://jemr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-1371-fa.html
محمودزاده محمود، فتح آبادی مهدی. عوامل پیشران بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در صنایع تولیدی ایران. تحقیقات مدلسازی اقتصادی. 1395; 7 (26) :141-165
1- آزاد فیروزکوه ، mahmod.ma@yahoo.com
2- آزاد فیروزکوه
2- آزاد فیروزکوه
چکیده: (6775 مشاهده)
هدف این مقاله «شناسایی عوامل پیشران بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید در صنایع تولیدی ایران» است. بدین منظور بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید 21 صنعت تولیدی به چهار عامل پیشرفت تکنولوژیکی، کارایی فنی، کارایی تخصیصی و اثرات مقیاس بر مبنای روش حسابداری رشد جدید در دوره 1379-90 تجزیه شده است. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد کشش تولیدی نیروی کار و سرمایه به ترتیب 57/0 و 13/0 بوده و بازدهی نسبت به مقیاس، کمتر از واحد است. محاسبات گویای این است که فقط 8 صنعت از 21 صنعت، رشد بهره‌وری را تجربه کرده‌اند. در این میان، صنایع الکترونیکی و ارتباطاتی، پزشکی و اپتیکی و کاغذ بیشترین رشد بهره‌وری را داشته‌اند. بیشترین پیشرفت فنی در صنایع شیمیایی، کانی غیرفلزی، فلزات اساسی و وسایل نقلیه موتوری، تریلر و نیمه‌تریلر با نرخ رشد متوسط 11 درصد و کمترین رشد متعلق به صنعت پوشاک با نرخ رشد متوسط 7 درصد بوده است. اگرچه پیشرفت تکنولوژیکی (به عنوان عامل پیشران) سبب بهبود وضعیت بهره‌وری کل شده است؛ اما تغییرات کارایی فنی، اثرات مقیاس و کارایی تخصیصی اثرات آن را خنثی کرده‌اند.
واژه‌های کلیدی: پیشرفت تکنولوژیکی، کارایی فنی، کارایی تخصیصی، اثرات مقیاس، بهره‌وری کل، صنایع کارخانه‌ای
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