Abolfazl Shahabadi, Hossein Raghfar, Neda Solgi, Ali Moradi,
Volume 10, Issue 38 (12-2019)
Abstract
Insurance as a central risk-taking institution as well as one of the investment institutions increases economic participation, investment development and stimulating economic growth. Therefore, identification of the effective factors on the insurance penetration in developing countries seems necessary. In this regard, the present study attempted to investigate the impact of national competitiveness on insurance penetration coefficient in 20 developing countries during the period 2007-2017. The research model was estimated using panel data and generalized moment’s method in two case. In the first case, the sub-indicators of national competitiveness including basic requirements, efficiency enhancer’s factors and innovation and sophistication factors were used as key variables in the research, and in the second case, the overall competitiveness index is used as a key variable in the research model. The results showed that the effect of overall competitiveness index and its sub-indicators on insurance penetration was positive and significant. Also, the effect of control variables, including per capita income and urbanization rate on insurance penetration is positive and significant, and the effect of dependency ratio on insurance penetration is negative and significant.
Dr Mohammad Hosein Karim, Dr Mohammad Sayadi, Mr Saeed Solgi, Mr Mohammadreza Ariafar,
Volume 14, Issue 54 (2-2024)
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of factors affecting the ecological footprint with an emphasis on the role of energy consumption intensity in Iran using the Vector Autoregression Model with Variable Parameters Over Time (TVP-VAR). The ecological footprint reflects the environmental constraints of communities and the extent to which the environment is destroyed by exceeding these limitations. Due to the increasing intensity of energy consumption, Iran is faced with a significant ecological footprint in its economic activities, which requires the root causes of the factors affecting it. Other research variables include the degree of urbanization, human development, financial development, trade openness, and GDP per capita in the period from 1990 to 2021. The results show that increasing the intensity of energy consumption causes a positive and significant increase over time on the ecological footprint. The effect of other research variables on the ecological footprint was also in accordance with theoretical expectations. These findings emphasize that the type and source of energy consumed, as well as the production processes, play an important role in this relationship. Also, the analyses show that environmental sustainability decreases with increasing energy consumption and the ecological footprint of
