Showing 6 results for Simultaneous Equation
Zahra Dehghan Shabani,
Volume 3, Issue 8 (6-2012)
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the effects of industrial agglomeration on regional economic growth in the Iranian provinces. For this aim, this study is divided into theoretical and applied sectors.
In the theoretical point of view, the research has proposed a simple theoretical framework to study the impacts of industrial agglomeration on regional economic growth. In applied sector, we have specified econometrics models and estimated them by using a system of simultaneous equations using Panel Data for 28 provinces of Iran over the period 2000-2006.
Results show that regional economic growth is positively affected by industrial agglomeration and regional knowledge level and negatively affected by human capital mobility cost and per capita income. Results also show that regional economic growth, transportation cost, household expenditure and human capital mobility cost have positive effects on industrial agglomeration in the Iranian provinces.
Dr Abolfazl Shahabadi, Dr Mohamad Kazem Naziri, Morteza Nemati,
Volume 4, Issue 12 (7-2013)
Abstract
In the current structure of world economy, imports play an important role in the economic development strategy. Although taking the suitable policies for the imports of goods and services is important, but taking the correct strategy is subject to factors affecting imports. In the most of empirical studies, imports are a function of real income and real exchange rate. So, the effect of income inequality on imports of goods and services has less been investigated. Whereas, increase in income inequality causes an increase in the purchasing power of high income people and demand for imported luxury goods and also causes a change in the composition of domestic and imported consuming goods.
This study examine the effect of income inequality on import of goods and services in 17 developed countries and 18 developing countries in the period 1990-2010 using generalized method of moment (GMM) analysis. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship between income inequality and imports of goods and services in developed countries while this relation is negative in developing countries. Furthermore, the relationship between GDP and imports of goods and services is positive in both groups of countries, while the relationship between real exchange rate and imports of goods and services is negative in both groups. Thus, policy makers should redistribute income and wealth in favor of the low income people and motivate them to participate in the production sectors, reduce the inequality gap and improve their competitiveness power in the market and enhance the income from the abroad.
Dr Rouhollah Shahnazi, Saeed Zabihidan,
Volume 4, Issue 12 (7-2013)
Abstract
The structure-conduct-performance (SCP) paradigm has constituted an enduring empirical tradition in empirical industrial economics and has the advantage of clarifying the basic building blocks of the competitive mechanisms. This paper presents a SCP model to estimate causes and effects in Iranian manufacturing industry in 2009.
The model used in this paper is a system of four simultaneous equations: agglomeration as the standard measure of structure, advertising and R&D as the standard measure of conduct and profitability as the standard measure of performance.
Using the data from a sample of Iranian industries, three-stage least squares results indicate that: a) Advertisement has positive and significant impacts on agglomeration and profitability. b) Profitability has positive and significant impacts on agglomeration and advertisement. c) Agglomeration has positive and significant impact on profitability and also a negative impact on advertisement.
Dr Abolfazl Shahabadi, Ms Hanieh Samari,
Volume 8, Issue 27 (3-2017)
Abstract
Always new technologies exports have been regarded as a competitive advantage and it implies the dynamism and cohesion of the economy and its special position in the global markets. Lack of innovation is one of the main factors affecting the country's high-tech exports. And until innovation and training to use of knowledge do not improve, efficiency and effectiveness of other production factors will remain low. So, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of innovation on high technology exports in selected developing and developed countries during the period 2007-2013, using panel data approach and simultaneous equations system. Estimates of general model in developing countries expresses that the coefficients of global innovation index, accumulation of FDI inflows and GDP is positive and significant and coefficient of governance index is positive and meaningless. And in developed countries, coefficients of global innovation index, accumulation of FDI inflows, GDP and governance index is positive and significant. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the innovative environment, by changing the policy making in the resource-based economy moving towards knowledge-based economy by the alignment of macro-economic policies with scientific and research policies, in order to strengthen the relationship between industry and academia. So based on the current needs, the productions and technologies of knowledge-based industries will change.
Yaghoub Rashnavadi, Hossein Norouzi, Tohid Firoozansarnaghi, Shahrokh Beigi,
Volume 11, Issue 39 (3-2020)
Abstract
In recent years, the development of Securities markets has contributed greatly to the flourishing and development of countries. Having a structured and dynamic capital market has been one of the basic requirements of countries on the path of development, and the role of this market in creating economic equilibrium is known to everyone. Therefore, explaining the volatility of the stock market is very important. Meanwhile, the interaction between the stock market and the exchange rate has been the subject of much research by many researchers. The exchange rate is a key variable that neglecting it can create problems and issues for the economy of any country in various dimensions. Therefore, the present study, by specifying a system of simultaneous equations, has examined the simultaneous interactions between the exchange rate and the stock market in Iran, using seasonal data from 2007 to 2017. The variables used in this system are the exchange rate, stock price index, gold price, oil price, liquidity, and consumer price index. The results of this study showed that the exchange rate has a positive and significant effect on the stock price index in Iran and as the exchange rate rises, the stock price index will also rise. Moreover, the stock price index has a statistically significant effect on the exchange rate in Iran. The results of estimating the model show that the effect of the stock price index on the exchange rate is negative and significant, i.e., as the stock price index increases, the exchange rate decreases.
Navid Salek, Morteza Khorsandi,
Volume 13, Issue 47 (5-2022)
Abstract
The price of crude oil is one of the factors affecting economic indicators. Therefore, the prediction of oil prices and the accuracy of the applied methods have always been discussed by economists. In this study, the effect of all effective variables on the supply and demand of crude oil based on McAvoy's competitive theory is investigated, and the supply and demand are estimated using the system of simultaneous equations and conventional statistical methods. Then, using algebraic operations and the assumption of equality of oil supply and demand in the long term, the long-term potential of oil supply and demand is extracted with respect to each of the variables in the model. Based on the results, the world's gross domestic product (GDP) has the greatest impact on oil prices with a demand potential of 0.6039, and the world's military and security tensions have the least impact with a demand potential of –0.0110. After estimating the model, the prediction accuracy of three combined mothod is compared with conventional and single-variable methods of neural network and ARIMA. These three combined methods are: (a) neural network and system of simultaneous equations, (b) ARIMA and system of simultaneous equations, (c) neural network and ARIMA and system of simultaneous equations. The results showed that the combined method of ARIMA and simultaneous equation system provides better reslts for 5-year forecasts while the combined method of neural network and ARIMA and simultaneous equation system shows better results for 10-year forecasts.
