Journal of Economic Modeling Research

Investment spillover effects include regional growth factors around the developed centers, which this study aimed investigate effects of industrial investment spillover in provinces of Iran and the quantifying of these effects. Accordingly, it uses the spatial econometrics to explore the indirect effects or industrial investment spillover. The results indicate that provinces with a higher gravity index, which are respectively Tehran, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Khuzestan and Fars with a coefficient of 0.152, 0.090, 0.085, 0.083 and 0.077 respectively, have more industrial investment spillover than other provinces. In contrast, provinces with more great geographical distance from developed provinces such as Ardabil, Sistan and Baluchestan, northern Khorasan and Ilam, respectively with coefficients of 0.029, 0.031, 0.037 and 0.038, have less benefit of industrial investment spillover Compared to other regions. Also, industrial investment spillover effects for different regions, very different from each other. As for some provinces, the indirect effects are much less than direct effects and for some provinces, the indirect effects are close to direct effects. This can be due to geographical location, politics, government regulation and exposure to developed provinces.

The impacts of the tourism industry on economic growth can be divided into two categories: direct and indirect (spillover) effects. In the field of tourism, direct impacts have been the subject of many studies but the analysis of spillover effects, particularly the effects from tourism infrastructure development, have received less attention. This study, with an analytical approach and along with examining the quantitative methods and analysis of the spillover effects of various variables affecting the development of the tourism industry, has investigated these impacts for each the variables and in each province. For this purpose, it has used spatial econometric models. The results confirmed the existence of spatial fixed effects and was applied Spatial Durbin Model (based on Lagrange coefficient test). The results show a positive and significant impact of transport infrastructure variables (road, rail, air) and travel agencies on the growth of value added in the tourism industry. Investigation of the spillover effects of infrastructure variables on growth of value added has shown that, except for Accommodation services, other tourism infrastructure variables have negative spillover effects for neighboring provinces, and also have positive spillover effects for other (non-neighbor) provinces. The negative spillover effects on the tourism growth of the neighbor provinces are due to competition impact and relative stability in the number of domestic tourists, and the positive spillover effects on non-neighbor provinces are due to factors such as the development of multi-purpose trips and increased market access.