[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
About the Journal
Editorial Board
Aims& Scopes
Journal News
Copyright
Ethics
Articles archive::
All Issues
Current Issue
Reviewers List
Reviewers List vol1403
Reviewers List vol1402
Reviewers List vol1401
Reviewers List vol1400
Reviewers List vol 1399
For Authors::
Call for Papers
Submission Instruction
Submission Form
For Reviewers::
Reviewers Section
Reviewers List vol1403
Registration::
Registration Information
Registration Form
Contact us::
Contact Information
Contact us
Site Facilities::
Site map
Search contents
FAQ
Top 10 contents
Inform to friends
Publication statistics::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
Publication Information
ju Publisher
Kharazmi University
ju Managing Director 
Nasergholi Sarli
ju Editor-in-Chief
Habib-Allah Abbasi
ju Manager
Zahra Saberi
ju In charge of the Site
Tahereh sadate Mirahmadi
EISSN 24766941
..
Indexing Databases

  AWT IMAGE   AWT IMAGE 
 AWT IMAGE   AWT IMAGE 
  AWT IMAGE 

   
..
Social Networks
   
..
:: Volume 29, Issue 91 (12-2021) ::
Persian Language and Literature 2021, 29(91): 7-35 Back to browse issues page
Man’s Deal with the Devil in Goethe’s “Faust” and Ferdowsi’s “Zahhak”
Samira Bameshki * 1, Shamsi Parsa2
1- Ferdowsi University , bameshki@um.ac.ir
2- Islamic Azad University, Semnan branch
Abstract:   (4437 Views)
Masterplot is a group of plots that are widely repeated among different ethnic groups and cultures. The purpose of this paper is to discover the structure of universal masterplot of “deal with the Devil” in two narratives of “Zahhak” in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh and Dr. Faust by Goethe. In the present study, we have tried to answer two questions by descriptive-analytical method: First, what is the repetitive structure that governs this masterplot; second, what are the similarities and differences between the narratives of Ferdowsi and Goethe in this masterplot in different sections such as the reasons for dealing with the Devil, the motives of the deal, the actions of the heroes, how the Devil appeared to the heroes and their fate. The results show that the structure of this masterplot has a repetitive pattern in this form: Devil’s deal with individuals having superior characteristics, selling one’s soul to the Devil, performing similar kinds of functions after dealing with the Devil, and a complete downfall or return to salvation after suffering the painful consequences of wrongdoing. The differences between these two narratives from a single story include the motives of making a deal, which in Faust is the full enjoyment of material and worldly pleasures, and in Zahhak’s story is power-seeking (domineering). Another difference is in the actions of the heroes after the deal which in Faust involves false testimony and acceptance of stolen property, but in Zahhak it includes murder and illegitimate sex, which are common in both narratives. How the devil appears to these two is also different. In Faust, the devil appears in the form of a dog, a hippopotamus, and a scholar seeker, and in Zahhak, he appears in the form of a well-wishing man, a cook, and a physician. The end of the deal in Faust, after enduring many difficulties, is salvation and in Zahhak leads to his imprisonment at the bottom of a cave. Based on this research, one can speculate the possibility that Goethe was influenced by Ferdowsi.


 
Keywords: masterplot, deal with the Devil, Faust, Goethe, Zahhak, Shahnameh, Ferdowsi
Full-Text [PDF 6715 kb]   (830 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
References
1. آيدنلو، سجاد (1388) «نکته¬هايي از روايات پايان کار ضحاک». کاوش¬نامة زبان و ادبيات فارسي. شمارة 18: 9-48.
2. آيدنلو، سجاد (1397) «بکشتي، به گشني يا به کُشتي؟ (بررسي مجدد چهاربيت بحث‌انگيز شاهنامه دربارة ضحاک)». نشرية زبان و ادب فارسي دانشگاه تبريز. سال هفتادويکم. شمارة 238: 1-26.
3. ابوت. اچ. پورتر (1397) سواد روايت. ترجمة رؤيا پورآذر و نيما م. اشرفي. تهران: اطراف.
4. اکبري‌مفاخر، آرش (1389) «هستي‌شناسي ديوان در حماسه¬هاي ملي برپاية شاهنامة فردوسي». کاوش‌نامه. سال يازدهم. شمارة 21: 61-87.
5. اکبري‌مفاخر، آرش (1398) «ضحاک». در: دانشنامة فرهنگ مردم ايران. جلد ششم. تهران: مرکز دايرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامي، 206-212.
6. اميدسالار، محمود (1362) «ضحاک پسر مرداس يا ضحاک آدمخوار». ايران‌نامه. دورة دوم. شمارة 6: 339-328.
7. اميدسالار، محمود (1380) «بکشتي يا بگشني در شاهنامه، نکته¬اي در تصحيح متن». ايران-شناسي. سال سيزدهم. شمارة 49: 139-144.
8. انصاري، محمدعلي (1391) «تفسير آيات 55 تا 58 سورة غافر». سخنراني جلسة نوزدهم تفسير قرآن. 13 آذر.
9. بلعمي، ابوعلي محمدبن‌محمد (1353) تاريخ بلعمي. تصحيح محمدتقي بهار. به‌کوشش محمد پروين گنابادي. تهران: زوار.
10. پراپ، ولاديمير (1368) ريخت‌شناسي قصه‌هاي پريان. ترجمة فريدون بدره‌اي. تهران: توس.
11. تقوي، محمد (1389) «از کعبه تا روم (بررسي تطبيقي داستان شيخ صنعان و فاوست گوته)». پژوهش‌هاي زبان و ادبيات فارسي. سال چهل‌وششم. دورة جديد. شمارة 2 (پياپي 6): 1-28.
12. خالقي‌مطلق، جلال (1389) يادداشت¬هاي شاهنامه. تهران: مرکز دايره¬المعارف بزرگ اسلامي.
13. رحيمي، سيدمهدي، و نعمت‌الـله‌ پناهي (1386) «پيمان و پيمان‌داري در شاهنامة فردوسي». نامة پارسي. سال دوازدهم. شمارة 1و2: 57-72.
14. شجري، رضا (1382) «تحليل و بررسي عنصر آز در شاهنامه». پژوهش¬هاي ادبي. دورة اول. شمارة 1: 65-82.
15. شواليه، ژان، و آلن گربران (1384) فرهنگ نمادها. ترجمة سودابه فضايلي. تهران: جيحون.
16. طاووسي، محمود، و محسن طبسي (1385) «نگاهي به داستان ضحاک ماردوش در شاهنامة فردوسي». مطالعات ايراني. دورة پنجم. شمارة 10: 161-175.
17. فردوسي، ابوالقاسم (1386) شاهنامه. تصحيح جلال خالقي‌مطلق. جلد اول. تهران: مرکز دايره‌المعارف بزرگ اسلامي.
18. گوته، ‌يوهان ولفگانگ فون (1395) فاوست. ترجمة محمود حدادي. تهران: نيلوفر.
19. مولايي، چنگيز (1389) «تحقيقات ايران‌شناسي: بررسي روايات مربوط به ضحاک و گاو برمايه در متن‌هاي ايراني». نامة فرهنگستان. سال يازدهم. شمارة 3 (پياپي 43): 107-128.
20. نيکوبخت، الهام، و همکاران (1399) «مقايسة تطبيقي بررسي تأثير مرگ‌آگاهي بر شخصيت¬هاي صاحب قدرت در نمايشنامة کاليگولا نوشتة آلبر کامو و داستان ضحاک شاهنامه». پژوهش¬هاي ادبيات تطبيقي. شمارة 2: 23-46.
21. هاچن، ليندا (1396) نظريه‌اي درباب اقتباس. مهسا خداکرمي. تهران: مرکز.
22. يشت¬ها (بي‌تا) تفسير و تأليف ابراهيم پورداوود. بمبئي و ايران‌ليگ: انجمن زرتشتيان ايران.
23. Kermode, Frank (1979) The Genesis of Secrecy: On the Interpretation of Narrative. London: Harvard University Press.
24. Prince, Gerald (2003) Dictionary of Narratology. Lincoln & London: University of Nebraska Press.
25. Ryan, Marie-Laure (2001) Narrative as Virtual Reality: Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA

XML   Persian Abstract   Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Bameshki S, Parsa S. Man’s Deal with the Devil in Goethe’s “Faust” and Ferdowsi’s “Zahhak”. Persian Language and Literature 2021; 29 (91) :7-35
URL: http://jpll.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4089-en.html
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 29, Issue 91 (12-2021) Back to browse issues page
دوفصلنامه زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه خوارزمی Half-Yearly Persian Language and Literature
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.08 seconds with 44 queries by YEKTAWEB 4666