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Otherness is one of the methods of accessing hidden interests beyond the literary texts which through literary discourse analysis can be in direct relation to political science and sociology. Critical discourse analysis believes that each text is shaped by political and ideological approaches and the relationship between political issues and texts is not an accidental one. Laclauand Mouffe believe that in every discourse one can use two concepts of logic of equality and logic of difference to explain the relations of otherness present in literary texts. That is, in every discourse, a positive pole is foregrounded as“we”or ours, and on the opposite pole the negative side is introduced as“they”or “others”. Foregrounding and backgrounding are used in texts and discourse through language functions. Investigatingthis method in some of Khayyam's Quatrains we will find out why Khayyam has pursued a kind of polarization in his quatrains and also will realize how Khayyam, along with his philosophical views expressed in his Quatrains, has tried to suggest political and critical motives through his discourse.

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There is a difference between a historical event and the historical narrative of that event, whether it is oral or written. That is why an event is something that happened once in a specific time and place, but the historical narrative is multiple and numerous and does not completely agree with the historical event and is an interpretation of the original incident. Using the descriptive-analytical method and the intertextual approach (based on the three intertextual axes of Genette) in this article, the repetition, reconstruction, and reproduction of the past have been analyzed in two historical narratives of Zahiri Nishaburi and Rawandi about the incident of Ghoz riot, two narratives which are temporally and expressively different. Moreover, it has been shown that these two texts, which have a common theme and are related to each other have been influenced by each other and much communication has taken place between them. In addition to relying and emphasizing on the linguistic features of Rahat al-Sudur, especially its syntactic system, the intertextual relationship of the two works, similarities, and differences in the way of their reporting and narrating of Ghoz riot have been discussed. The result of the research highlights the influence of Seljuq Nameh on Rahat al-Sudur in the historical report, which accuses its author of plagiarism.