---

Najdi is one of the outstanding contemporary writers due to his specific style. He has a different attitude towards human life and cultural elements of Iran, which makes his stories a good subject for discussion and research. In this article, two stories of Najdi are analyzed in the light of Deconstruction: “The Day of Asb-rizi” and “The Night of Killing Sohrab”. Deconstruction is mostly based on Derrida’s theory. It originated and was initially used in Philosophy and then it spread to literary criticism. The aim of Deconstruction is to find the binary oppositions, to analyze them in order to reveal the contradictory points and to deny the accepted assumptions. The results of this process is to doubt those beliefs that have been considered as axiomatic up to that time. In Najdi’s stories, the binary oppositions include man/animal, man/nature and man and civilization. In “The Day of Asb-rizi”, the opposition between man and animal, and, freedom and slavery causes some contradictions in the major themes of the story. In “The Night of Killing Sohrab”, the binary opposition is that of harsh patriarchal world/ innocent childish world, or, experience/inexperience.

---

In his lyricism and eloquence, Hussein Monzavi benefited from the great heritage of lyrical and epic literature, poetic images, fictions, and religious allusions in order to create imagery and expand the meaning and themes of his poems. The Divan of Hafiz is one of the main sources of influence on Monzavi’s poems in terms of form, meaning, and musical coherence. He also benefited from borrowing Hafiz’s clauses, rhythm, allusions, verses, and sonnets. Love and the hardship in its path, pledge of trust, drinking merrily, and social issues are the themes in Monzavi’s poems which were under direct influence of Hafiz. Monzavi’s imagery of love and its manifestations has similarities with Hafez’s poetry. The present paper is an endeavor to investigate the influence of Hafiz on Monzavi in terms of form, rhythm, meaning, love, the image of the beloved, and imagery. The findings indicate that Monzavi benefited from Hafiz’s single elements, rhythms, and themes in about two hundred instances.
 

---

Roman Jakobsen considered the difference between linguistic roles to result from the prominence of some communicational elements (Addresser, Addressee, Message, Content, Contact, and Codes). He believed that every message has several linguistic roles, usually one of which is more prominent. In literary texts, due to the complexity of the text, the multiplicity of layers, and the fluidity of signs, we are not only faced with a literary role. But, in addition to the formal enhancement of the text, rhetorical figures also interact with other linguistic roles and an intelligent use will cause proportion and conformity in the form and meaning of the text. This study has analyzed the interaction of form and content in Attar's Mantiq-ut-tayr using a descriptive-analytical method and concluded that Attar established a balanced relationship between rhetorical figures and the moral-mystical content of Mantiq-ut-tayr. He has used them to express specified themes and concepts based on their essence and literary function. For example, he has used “Poetical Reasoning” to explain educational and mystical issues, “Literary Collocation” to create thematic unity and textual coherence, and “Oxymoron” to illustrate the contradictory nature of mystical experiences and internal and external conflicts of mystics. The proper use of rhetorical figures according to the subject matter and content of the anecdotes of the Mantiq-ut-tayr has created a lot of beauty, influence, interaction, and harmony of form and content.