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Showing 4 results for Life
Hossein Bayat, Saeid Ebadijamil,
Volume 26, Issue 84 (9-2018)
Abstract
One of the most important aspects of analyzing literary texts is the consideration of the reflection of the author's thoughts, wishes, griefs and regrets as defense mechanisms. In reviewing the reflection of an author's unconscious in his or her work, psychoanalytic or psychological criticism is often used, in which the critic tries to reveal the influence of the author's mental constraints on hidden layers of the work or to open textual ambiguities using psychoanalytical or psychological principles. The authors of this article have tried to investigate in a short story collection, Be Ki Salaam Konam?, one of Simin Daneshvar’s most important psychological anxieties, that is, "infertility pain"; a pain which though is not traced in Jalal al-Ahmad's independent works, it is present in Daneshvar's stories and appears in different ways. Be Ki Salaam Konam? has become a feminine narrative of Jalal’s Sangi Bar Goori. The subject of most of the stories of the former is "infertility", which is presented using child, adopted child, and grandson in the form of free or affiliated motifs. Daneshvar uses unconscious symbols such as the old women to suggest infertility. The reactions of characters in the stories to infertility can be described through defense mechanisms such as displacement, sublimation and projection. Nonetheless, throughout the discussion, when necessary, the paper will benefit from approaches such as archetypal criticism as well.
Shokr-Allah Pour-Alkhas, Leila Azarnivar, Ahmad Reza Kiani,
Volume 30, Issue 92 (5-2022)
Abstract
Death is the most definite end that can happen at any moment and at any point in life, a horrible truth that humans respond to with horror of death. Many psychotherapists, including Yalom, consider it to be the main source of anxiety, which greatly affects a person’s behavior and psyche. History has shown that poets and writers have thought deeply about death and spoken about it. Saadi, an Iranian thinker who has gained world fame by expressing his moral and philosophical wisdom, in addition to telling anecdotes in his works “Bustan” and “Gulistan” and even in his “Ghazaliat”, has discussed the meaning of death and the anxiety caused by it. Due to the importance of the subject of death, its certainty and inevitability, the current study used Saadi’s works, along with a descriptive-analytical method based on interdisciplinary studies to investigate how Saadi and Yalom help human beings to overcome the horror of death and to live happily or save themselves from its fear despite knowing about death and to face the crises and their mental and psychological problems. The findings show that facing and remembering death not only reduce death anxiety but also make life meaningful, more precious, and valuable. As a result, with such a perception, one can make death enjoyable not only for oneself, but also for others.
Mohammad Reza Haji Aqababaei,
Volume 31, Issue 95 (11-2023)
Abstract
Life style and its relevant issues are among the subjects that have been paid attention to in the didactic texts of Persian Literature for a long time and which have sometimes been called as ‘household policy’ or ‘household management’. Since the late Qajar era, attention to issues such as life style and its instruction was booming and it seemed that didactic literature became widespread with a new style and technique. In the present study, periodicals of the late Qajar and the first Pahlavi eras were reviewed and articles related to life style issues as well as comments made by their pros and cons were analyzed. Among the most important subjects discussed in the periodicals mention can be made of social life, arranging formalities, house management principles, physical health and clothing etiquette. Through reviewing published topics about life style in the late Qajar and the first Pahlavi eras, it can be concluded that movement towards modernity was advertized in different areas and western models were introduced to the Iranian society as superior examples of life style. However, in some cases these models were not much compatible with the Iranian life style and the culture of Iranian society. On the other hand, it seems that only women were to be instructed in life style and men did not require such teachings. This was due to the dominant cultural views of the then Iranian society.
- Shahlā Khalilollāhi, - Maryam Mousavi Jeshvaghāni,
Volume 32, Issue 96 (4-2024)
Abstract
In various philosophical traditions from Plato to the present, aesthetics, especially in art, is a historical phenomenon that owes its philosophical foundation to Kant. He considered beauty an independent concept, with the pleasure derived from it being inherent to that concept. Yuriko Saito, a theorist of everyday life aesthetics, believes that everyday life aesthetics addresses the shortcomings of philosophical aesthetics based on art. Thus, aesthetic perspectives and judgments can determine the quality of life, social ethics, and culture in the most authentic form. They can serve as necessary means for expressing the assessment of individuals’ everyday life quality and empower humans to enjoy aesthetic experiences through interactions with artifacts, the surrounding environment, and human interactions. Since narrative accounts contain propositions and capacities that are assessable from the perspective of everyday life aesthetics, and most of them hold true in the real world as well, researchers in this study aimed to analyze and explain the aesthetics of everyday life based on Saito’s approach in three short stories from the collection “Your Love in the Footnote” by Mahsa Mohebali, using documentary and qualitative methods with the help of library resources. The findings of this research indicated that the daily lives of individuals and the role of objects, places, etc., were depicted as symbols of deviance from norms and defamiliarization in human interactions. Despite deviance from norms and defamiliarization in human interactions, the texts of stories provide an experiential framework that ultimately leads to the realization and judgment that savor, beauty, the sublime, and its opposite, ugliness, have indeed taken shape in these stories.
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