---

Abu BakrShibli (247-334 AH), the eminent and famous mystical Sufi of Bagdad, despite his great status in mysticism and mystical wayfaring is known for his insanity, which made him known as one of the madmen of the prominent centuries of Islamic mysticism. No doubt those who tried to emphasize his greatness could see through the veil of his abnormal and subversive insanity his hidden wisdom and mystical perception. A glance at the personality and character of this Sufi Master and an analysis of the causes of his madness will help us to understand his real but different character. The present article is an attempt to demonstrate howShibliuses insanity as a mask in order to attain true knowledge.

---

The aim of thisarticle is to depict the true, scholarly and deep interest of Iqbal Lahori, the great Pakistani poet,in Iranian culture and Persian Language and civilization. First a couplet out of his renown Ghazal composed on Iranians, which represents the works in verse and prose attributed to Iqbal Lahori , is discussed to show that he was well familiar with the Iranian culture and even with some particular symbols in Persian literature.Thenthe five subjectsof religion, philosophy and theology, mysticism, reason and love, and Persian language, which are the most important constituents of the Iranian culturalare explained and discussed in relation to the work of Iqbal Lahori.It is concluded that the Iranian cultural components,rites and traditions are blendedthoroughly with his literary and philosophical books. 

---

The study of mythological and epic works, which narrate the thoughts and ideas of the predecessors and express the history and culture of people’s lives, from the perspective of practical wisdom is a strong evidence to prove the existence of moral principles and customs in ancient Iranian society that continued after Islam. In this research, Banugoshasb-nameh poemswere studied with the aim of analyzing the position of women in practical wisdom. The library research method was used, and the approach of the paper is descriptive-analytical. The results show that Banugoshasb’s actions and behavior are consistent with the components of practical wisdom and she can be called the model of a successful woman in the culture of Iranian ethnic groups who has transmitted moral virtues in a heroic manner. From the point of view of practical wisdom in the field of personal morality, the lady is the wise, brave, chaste, believing and committed daughter of Rostam, the representative of the lady heroines who has become a model of virtue through her behavior and actions. In the field of house management and civil policy, the high position of the lady in the family represents the value of women in the original Iranian culture. Regardless of the attitude of the patriarchal society, she has an independent and militant personality whose femininity has not caused her to be weak in doing things, irresolute and incapable, compared to men. In the family, she is a righteous, brave, and responsible child who acts at father’s discretion (the house manager).