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Mohammad Ali Besharat, Mohammad Hossein Ghahramani, Nasoor Ahmadi,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (4-2013)
Abstract
The aim ofthisstudy was to investigatedifferentaspects ofimpulsivityin the athletes of contact and non-contactsports. volunteer participants were 60 athletes of contact (age: 25.9±4.6 years) and non-contact (age: 27.6±4.9 years) sports. Participants were asked to complete the Barratt’s Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and participate in continuous performance test(CPT). Multivariate analysis of variance results indicated that there was significant difference between athletes participating in contact and non-contact sports in the continuous performance test items(F2,117= 3.27, p=0.001, partial &eta2=0.89) and impulsivity scale factors(F3,116=47.66, p=0.001, partial &eta2=0.55).So that, in the attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness and at the number of correct recognition in continuous performance test, the athletes of contact sports get more points than the athletes of non-contact sports. In contrast, the athletes of non-contact sports get more points in the average of incorrect time and the number of incorrect recognition than the athletes of contact sports. Therefore Thisfeature is effective in motor and non-motor behaviors of athletes in some special conditions that will appear as immediate and sustained function.
Yaser Khanjari, Elahe Arab Ameri, Razieh Garooei, Ebrahim Motashareei, Rasool Hemayattalab,
Volume 3, Issue 5 (4-2013)
Abstract
The purpose of current study was to consider a course of doing psychological skills training (PST) program on chosen mental skills and the performance of teenager female taekwondo athletes with mean age 16 years of Iranian national team in 2009. The current study is in tentative type and pre and post test design with control group. To do this 22 people (female) among invited people to the camp of taekwondo national team in teenager level for participation in Asian competition of Kish were randomized and then were separated into two groups of control (10) and experimental(12). Then both of them completed the OMSAT-3 questionnaires in pre-test stage, so that to be evaluated from the view of mental skills and making check list for performance evaluation. According to gained results of questionnaires in pre-test stage and based on subjects weakness in skills of reaction to stress, fear controlling and concentration, an exercise package of purposing, goal setting, relaxation and imagery was used as PST program. After 4 months PST program of both groups was performed. Collected data was considered by independent statistical t-test. The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in skills of reaction to stress and concentration after doing a course of PST program (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference between these two groups in skill of fear controlling (P > 0.05). At last the results showed that there is a significant difference between control and experimental groups in performance after doing a course of PST program (P < 0.05).
Javad Riyahi Farsani, Behrooz Abdoli, Samira Moeini Rad, Fakhroddin Asadi,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (12-2013)
Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to study the effect of computer game on acquisition and retention of free throw basketball skills (accuracy and pattern) and compare this method with two patterning methods (skilled and learning). 50 high school students age range 15-17 years were selected as a research samples. Subjects after participating in the pretest were divided into 5 equal groups and each group practice separately for 2 weeks and 3 sessions per week (total of 6 sessions) their tasks. Acquisition test hold after the last training session and retention test was performed after 24 hours. Data analyzed using variance with repeated measurement. The significance level for all statistical methods was considered p<0/05 and used SPSS 17 for statistical calculations. The results showed that each group at post-test scores on both the accuracy and pattern of pre-test and the most advanced computer game plus exercise group significantly improved. According to the results, this study can state that the the simulation computer game improves learning of motor skills. This method is more effective than learning a skilled and patterning method.
Mohammad Hadi Ghasemi, Ali Mohammad Amirtash, Kambiz Kamkary,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (12-2013)
Abstract
Many of the social interpersonal relationships are formed in the context of sports, exercise and physical activity (Jowett & Cockerill, 2002). One of the special relationship, is the relationship between athletes and coach, which in the case of duration and intensity is similar to conventional and unique relationship between leaders and followers. In such environments, a key component in determining the effectiveness of leadership is the existence of trust in the leader by the follower (Zhang, 2004). Therefore the primary proposes of this study were to a)examine the relationship between athlete’s trust in the coach and athletic performance and b) identification the portion of antecedences and consequences of trust in the coach to promote athletic performance. Based on the literature on trust, a theoretical model was proposed. In this model perceived characteristics (i.e., ability, benevolence, justice and integrity) and perceived behaviors (i.e., reactive and natural) of the coach were posited as the antecedences of trust in the coach. The athlete’s propensity to trust, which reflects the athlete’s general tendency to rely on others words and behaviors, and reputation which reflects the athlete’s acceptability of the coach were posited to moderate the relationship of antecedences with athlete’s trust in the coach. High level athletes and national champions (N=142) of three technical sport (i.e., Gymnastics, Diving and Vusho) were included the statistical society. The instrument of research was a questionnaire’s package which was comprised of four separate questionnaires. Two structural equation models involving (a) antecedents of an Athlete’s trust in the coach and (b) consequences of an athlete’s trust in the coach were tested employing structural equation modeling technique. Results showed that athlete’s trust in the coach can be predicted by antecedences (i.e., coach’s characteristics and behaviors) of trust in the coach. Athlete’s propensity to trust was found to moderate the relations of perceived coach’s characteristics on athlete’s trust in the coach. Athlete’s commitment and cooperate with the coach and athlete’s risk taking behavior as the consequences of athlete’s trust in the coach could be posited as the provident in perceived performance and finally athlete’s trust in the coach has a indirect relationship with perceived performance through commitment and cooperation with the coach. No significant relationship was observed between trust and its consequences with the actual performance of athletes.
Hesam Ramezanzade, Behrouz Abdoli, Alireza Farsi, Mohammad Ali Sanjari,
Volume 9, Issue 18 (12-2019)
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of audiovisual integration on action-perception transfer.40 subjects were randomly divided four groups: visual, visual-auditory, control visual and control visual-auditory. Visual groups watched pattern skilled basketball player and other groups in addition to watching pattern skilled basketball player, heard Elbow angular velocity as sonification. In first stage, the pattern is presented to subjects for five times and them replying to ten questions about different aspects of pattern. Then they performed parameter recognition and pattern recongnition tests. In second stage, experimental groups watch pattern five times again and perform it after each watch. Control groups watch pattern similar to experimental group but they must not perform it. All groups responded to the questionnaire and participated in a recognition tests again. Results showed that before action, in “percent confidence reply” and no “reply to questions” there is significant different between experimental groups. But after action in both “percent confidence reply” and “reply to questions” there was significant different between experimental groups and control groups (p<0.05). In this study was confirmed effect of visual-auditory integration on action-perception transfer. This results is explainable based of Common Coding Theory, Direct Matching Hypothesis and Predictive Models. The results are consistent with modality appropriateness hypothesis.
Syed Hojat Zamani Sani, Vahid Hasanpour, Zahra Fathi Rezaei, Amir Ghiamirad,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as a developmental neurological condition, has increased in recent years. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-motor exercises on the improvement of some large and delicate motor skills of children with autism based on Gentile's Two-Stage Model. In the present Semi-experimental study, one of the rehabilitation centers under the supervision of Tehran Welfare Organization was selected as via the convenience sampling method and 20 children aged 6-10 years with autism were randomly divided into two homogeneous experimental and control groups. The subjects in the experimental group participated in a six-week training protocol (three sessions per week). Each session was made up of 60 minutes of cognitive-motor exercises based on Gentile’s model. Bruininks-Oseretsky subtests of motor proficiency were employed for data collection. The collected data were analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA. The results indicated that after cognitive-motor training, running and agility skills, static and dynamic balance, upper limb coordination and response speed in the experimental group increased significantly (p<0.05). As the findings showed, cognitive-motor exercises designed as a useful method can be used to rehabilitate the fine and gross motor skills of children with autism.
Behrouz Abdoli, Elham Azimzadeh, Nasour Ahmadi, Maryam Ekradi, Zahra Asgari,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
Self-report psychological questionnaires are important tools for assessing cognitive and emotional status of athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of test of performance strategies (TOPS) among athletes. For this purpose, 209 males (n=125) and females (n=84) national and champions athletes aged 15 to 18 completed TOPS measure. It was used confirmatory factor analysis to test the construct validity of questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for testing internal consistency of each factor items. The results of factor analysis identified eight subscales of goal-setting, automaticity, emotional-control, imagery, activation, positive self-talk, relaxation, attentional control/negative thinking for the practice and competition. The results of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient indicated appropriate internal consistency of subscales items of practice (.70 to .95) and competition (.77 to .88). It seems that this questionnaire is an appropriate tool for measuring psychological skills among young athletes.
Seyedeh Masoumeh Mousavi, Dr Zahra Pouraghaei, Dr Mohammadali Aslankhani,
Volume 12, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction & Objective: Technical and tactical performance analysis of athletes is always considered to improve their performance and other athletes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the technical and tactical performance profile of elite karate players in different weight groups. Tools and Methods: In this descriptive study, the functional profile of the winning and losing karate players in the league was evaluated. Data were collected using Kinovea software. Excel software was used for data analysis. The studied variables were attack tactics, counterattack, upper and lower limbs techniques and combined techniques. Results: The frequency of attacks was close at different weights. But the winners’ attacks were more effective. The use of single-handed techniques was more common. The winners gained the most from single-handed techniques. Of the total leg kicks by the winners, 10 percent resulted in points. Conclusion: According to the findings, there is a need for specific training programs for single hand techniques and counterattack tactics in further training. Simulating different periods in competition and working on specific tactics will help develop karate athletes.
Dr Amir Ghiamirad, Mr Vahid Hassanpour,
Volume 12, Issue 24 (12-2022)
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive-motor exercises on pain, range of motion, and quality of life in elderly female patients with knee arthritis. In this quasi-experimental study, 30 elderly female patients referred to the physical medicine ward of Tabriz International Hospital were selected via a convenience sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (n = 16) and control (n = 14) groups. Patients in the experimental group performed cognitive-motor exercises for eight weeks, three sessions per week, and each session for 45-60 minutes. Range of motion of the knee joint were used to measure pain and quality of life via electro goniometer and the KOOS questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using combined analysis of variance test at the significance level of 0.05 in SPSS18 software. The research results showed that after cognitive-motor exercises, the amount of pain (P = 0.001), range of motion (P = 0.001), and quality of life (P = 0.001) improved significantly. As the findings indicated, it seems that cognitive-motor exercises can be used as a useful method for the rehabilitation of elderly women with knee osteoarthritis.
Ms Zahra Abdolmaleki, Dr Abbas Bahram, Dr Alireza Farsi, Dr Mozhgan Khademi,
Volume 13, Issue 25 (9-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Quiet eye training on gaze behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) of forehand skill in table tennis. Method, In order to, thirty children aged 12-7 years old were selected from ADHD children at Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Protocol of the training were performed in 16 sessions and follow up test after six of inactivity. Learning was investigated in the form of change in gaze behaviors such as onset, offset, duration of quiet eye and frequency gaze. The results of the research indicated that the decrease in frequency gaze and onset quiet eye and increase offset and duration of quiet eye in ADHD children. However, there was a significant difference between the two groups of experimental and control groups in frequency gaze. Offset and duration of quiet eye in children who have advanced progression from pre-test to post-test will be more stable over time. Conclusion, the present study confirms that the use of quiet eye training as a perceptual-motor training protocol can be effective for ADHD children by changing the visual perception pattern. It is suggested that a quiet eye training be used as a learning tool for ADHD children.
Helena Khosravi, Farshad Emami, Seid Emad Hosaini, Mohsen Esmaeili,
Volume 13, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a model in the field of intellectual property in Iranian sports. The research method was quantitative, descriptive correlational using structural equation modeling. The statistical population was all individuals who had scientific or executive activities in the field of sports law. Due to the limited population of the research, the number of samples was considered equal to the population and finally 72 people participated in the research by theoretical sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect research data. This questionnaire was taken from a qualitative research conducted by the research team in the first phase of this research. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha methods, composite reliability and factor loading of items. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling with PLS software was used. The model of intellectual property in sports included 8 dimensions of international institutions, public culture and education, legislation, commercialization, development of sports industry, creativity and innovation, organizational-structural support and forms of intellectual property of sports that effectiveness of which was confirmed. Paying attention to this model can provide an effective understanding of the field of intellectual property rights in the sports community
Naser Omidzadeh, Mahin Aghdaei, Alireza Farsi,
Volume 14, Issue 27 (8-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to investigate the effect of auditory focus of attention with high and low cognitive load on sports performance and working memory adolescent. The research was semi-experimental and included elementary and high school students of Kohnani city. The statistical sample was 20 students aged 11-13. In the pre-test, soccer chip shot was used. The acquisition stage was performed on 4 consecutive days. In the stages of delayed recall and transfer, n-back test and soccer chip kick were performed. The results showed that in the group of auditory focus of attention with cognitive high load, the effect of auditory focus of attention with high cognitive load on sports performance and working memory was significant (p≥ 0.01) and The group of auditory focus of attention with low cognitive load showed improvement only in working memory (p≥ 0.01). So Cognitive load manipulation has a positive effect on working memory and sports performance.
Maryam Khalaji, Mahin Aghdaei, Alireza Farsi, Alessandro Piras,
Volume 15, Issue 29 (4-2025)
Abstract
Objectives: Using auditory concurrent feedback with the goal of gaze path learning is a novel method in the attention field. The present study aimed to determine the effect of bisensory feedback using eye movement sonification on the decision-making of the badminton clear shot direction.
Method: In a semi-experimental strategy, with pre-post design without a control group and clinical method, participants performed recognizing the direction of the shot under unisensory and bisensory training conditions. Response accuracy, response time, and fixation duration were measured in the pre-test, immediate retention, and delayed retention.
Results: The results showed that in the immediate and delayed retention, the bisensory group had higher response accuracy and shorter response time than the unisensory group. The bisensory group had a longer fixation duration in key areas than the unisensory group in both times.
Conclusion: The use of auditory feedback can probably be considered as a way to improve decision-making skills at the novice level.
Mohammad Mehdi Kheirkhiz, Behrouz Abdoli, Lorenzo Laporta, Alireza Farsi,
Volume 100, Issue 100 (10-2020)
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the variables of social networks in different positions in basketball. These variables were applied in two levels of analysis: micro (individual) and macro (global interaction of the team). 24 official Chemidoor Club competitions in the 2020 men's Iranian Premier League were selected by available sampling. This research analyzed the network properties of Degree, Betweenness, Closeness, Eigenvector, and Density centrality across teams and positions. The one-way ANOVA for the factor position in the micro-level found statistical differences between the game positions in the dependent variables of Dc: (F(4,15)= 61/29, p= 0/000), Bc: (F(4,15)= 210/11, p= 0/000), Cc: (F(4,15)= 78/55, p= 0/000). However, no significant difference was observed in the Eig: (F (4, 15) = 1/58, p= 0/184). Results of post hoc test indices were significantly different between position 1 (point guard) and other positions. Macro-level team density analysis showed a significant difference between performance results in successful and unsuccessful. The guard player role was observed as the situation that establishes the most interactions with teammates during the competition. Therefore, players with higher degrees were not the ones assisting the most shots. The other players with higher degrees were not the ones assisting the most shots. These results may be used as a tool for coaching to improve their teams’ strategies in concrete, measurable ways.
Zahra Bari, Mahin Aghdaei, Alireza Farsi, Hamidreza Kobravi,
Volume 100, Issue 100 (10-2020)
Abstract
The aim of present study was to determine the effect of different levels of balance task difficulty and muscle pattern sonification on balance elderlies. eleve healthy elderly mean age 66/09± 2/26 yr were selected voluntarily. The study inclusion criteria included no structural postural problems, lack of lower extremity fractures over the past six months, no uncorrected visual impairments, no vestibular disorders, and no use of nerve medications, narcotics, alcohol, and any substance leading to dizziness or lack of focus and affecting balance
Participants were asked to stand still on a stable platform under two conditions (with sonification of muscle activity pattern and without feedback) in three difficulty levels (6, 8, and 10). Stability index scores (Overall, Anterior- Posterior and Medial- Lateral) were calculated by Biodex Balance System. The duration of each test was 20 seconds and rest times were 10 seconds. Results showed that with increasing task difficulty, scores of overall balance ,Medial- Lateral balance and Anterior- Posterior balance. In addition, There was a significant reduction in the scores of Overall balance (p= 0/005), anterior - posterior balance (p= 0/002) and medial - lateral balance (p= 0/022) and sonification of muscle activity pattern condition compared with without sonification of muscle activity pattern condition in the level of 6. Overall, the results of this study showed that increasing task difficulty increases postural sway, and the availability of sonification of muscle activity pattern can improve balance and reduce postural sway.
Keywords: Electrical activity, Stability index, Biofeedback , Task Difficulty
