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Abolfazl Alizadeh Golrizi, Vahid Saatchian, Alireza Elahi,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (12-2013)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was comparison among of Fans loyalty motivation, supportive career and attendance in Iran’s popular soccer pro league clubs (Persepolis, Esteghlal, Teraktorsazi and Sepahan). The design applied in this research was descriptive-correlation. The populations were whole pro league soccer fans in competition between Persepolis and Sepahan (with 55000 populations) and Esteghlal and Teraktorsazi (80000 populations). So according to the Morgan sampling table in fires match 381 fans and in the second one 384 fans were selected and questionnaires distributed among them. Based on review of pervious literature by Jallai, T (2008) questionnaire were used. Questionnaire reliability was confirmed by factor analysis, related masters and professional, and validity in a primary study by Cronbach’s alpha (0.81). The results showed that team interest and club affiliation were two important loyalty motivations and escape and socializing were the least important motivations to fans. Also in rate of important motivations there were significant differences in sense of club affiliation, socialization, escape from reality and normal routine, football knowledge, exciting games, win proxy, club management, the impact of others and non-interest (players, color, name and logo) among clubs Fans. Indeed Persepolis & Esteghlal fans in compare to other teams had a long history (more than 11 years) in supporting (Fandom career) their clubs through different periods. Finally according to the results, it seems that this research could give some guidance for club managers to attract more fans about fans loyalty factors.
Shiva Azadfada, Fereydoon Tondnevis, Anooshiravan Kazemnejad,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (12-2013)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among servant leadership, team effectiveness, and team performance of the Iranian men's volleyball pro-league teams. Descriptive co-relational used as a research design. The statistical sample included players (n=173) and assistant coaches (n=66) from 15 teams. The data collected were gathered using two instruments: (a) The Organizational Leadership Assessment for Sports Teams that adjusted by researcher from The Organizational Leadership Assessment (Laub, 1999), (b) Team Excellence Survey (Larson & LaFasto, 1989). By conducting a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), all agent factors of two instruments were identified. Pearson, and Spearman correlation, t-test, simple, and multiple regressions were used for data analyzing. The results showed that players' perceptions of servant leadership were moderate and assistant coaches' perceptions of servant leadership were excellent. There was a statistically significant and positive correlation among servant leadership, team effectiveness, and team performance. In addition, servant leadership was a significant predictor for team effectiveness and team performance. The results of this study supported the application of servant leadership in professional sports.
Keivan Moshiri, Najaf Aghaei, Hossein Poursoltani Zarandi,
Volume 3, Issue 6 (12-2013)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to classify different dimensions of organizational justice of administration of Youth and Sports of Tehran Province. The statistical population of this research includes all employees of administration of Youth and Sports of Tehran Province (N=180). Statistical sampling was based upon the whole with an equal volume with relevant society. For the purpose of data collection, questionnaire of Chester & Tad (2007) used for organizational justice. The validity and content of questionnaires were specified by the comments of specialists and professors of Sport Management. Then, it was possible to find out reliability of mentioned questionnaire by the use of Chronbach alpha (&alpha=0.94). The research method is descriptive and reliable which was performed on field basis. Some descriptive indexes and Kolmogorov–Smirnov, single sample t, independent t, Pierson correlation coefficient and Friedman's classification test were applied for further data collection. According to the results, the average grade of organizational justice was 65.84±16.95, distributional justice was 8.19±4.04, procedural justice was 30.55±9.46 and transactional justice was 27.10±7.01 which are lower than average level accordingly. The results showed that there is a significant difference between organizational justice of male & female staff. Furthermore, there was not significant relation between the age and job records and organizational justice (p>0.05). The results showed that there is a positive relation among distributional justice dimensions, procedural justice and transactional justice (p&le0.05). The results of Friedman's classification test showed that various dimensions of organizational justice are respectively as: distributional justice, transactional justice and procedural justice. It is clear that procedural justice rather than the other dimensions was run better by the administration. Finally, it was resulted that the administrators should pay more attention to procedural and interactional justice which had the lowest averages and by usingthea practical solutions provide understanding of justice for staff.
Lida Motaghian, Saman Nonahal, Reza Moloodi, Jafar Hasani,
Volume 9, Issue 18 (12-2019)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate reliability and validity of Persian version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised in Gorganian Bodybuilder men. After a rigorous translation and back-translation procedure, 400 men completed the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS), the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R), the Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q), and the Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA). The reliability of the scale was assessed via internal consistency. Cronbach’s alphas range (0.76 to 0.82) suggested good reliability of the Persian version of EDS-R. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original seven factor model of the scale. The internal relations between the subscales (0.22 to 0.59) and concurrent validity (0.09 to 0.78) also were appropriate. The Persian version of the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised has a satisfactory psychometric properties in the Iranian society and useable in the clinical and research settings.
Seyed Kazem Mousavi, Rasoul Yaali, Abbas Bahram, Ali Abbasi,
Volume 9, Issue 18 (12-2019)
Abstract
Motor learning or the acquisition of coordination is a process of searching for stable functional coordination patterns, into which a system can settle during a task or activity. Human as complex creatures can choose the best pattern based on conditions within different coordination patterns and also achieve goals of tasks. So the purpose of this study is to determination the effect of a Nonlinear Pedagogy approach for the effectiveness of the movement and acquisition of skills. Accordingly, in this study 14 participants (with the average 19.64 and SD 0.74) are taught the short backhand serve of badminton with using linear and nonlinear pedagogy approaches. Linear approach Based on traditional Viewpoint using the descriptive methods and repetive instructions. On the other hand, nonlinear Pedagogy Approach Based on the ecological dynamics theory using manipulation of task constraints especially task constraints including equipment and rules Planned and conducted. Performance accuracy were selected to analyze further selections and used analysis of covariance to measure the effect of the independent variable measured. The test significance level was considered P <./ 05. Despite the progress of both groups to the pre-test, no difference was observed between the two groups in accuracy scores (F=0.092 and p=0.767) and both were equal to achieve results of the task as an indicator of skill acquisition. Our findings indicate that nonlinear pedagogy approach, resulted from theory of ecological dynamics, consider the complexity of Acquisition the skill and inherent tendency of individuals with providing movement affordances. Also, this approach can be effective in the fulfilment of goal tasks.
Mahdi Latifi Fard, Hossein Akbari Yazdi, Marjan Saffari,
Volume 9, Issue 18 (12-2019)
Abstract
Although reputation construct enters early in sport but; not only supportive behavior isn’t new question, but also always have been noticed by sport teams. The present research is in search of be clarify that is sport that is prominent setting of emotion and feeling of spectator and fans, team reputation can appear spectator supportive behavior? In this research number of 580 persons as sample from spectator population’s fc. Esteghlal and Persepolis F.C. selected. Questionnaires because reputation emotional component (reputation perception construct) Were distributed as online that game day’s emotion didn’t impact on spectator answer. Jang et al. (2015) team reputation questionnaire consist of 6 subscales and 19 items, Ponzi et al. 2011 supportive behavior and reputation perception everyone had 4 items that adjusted in 5-points Likert scale. Questionnaire content validity have been evaluated by 7 professors in sport management. Alpha Cronbach’s coefficient has been measured for reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) also used for construct validity. indeed, shown that team reputation predicted %42 changes of supportive behavior without reputation perception while with Presence this predicted %24. In conclusion reputation perception as emotional construct have more impact on supportive behavior than Functional and cognitive component.
Majid Razavinia, Shahab Parvinpour, Saeed Arsham,
Volume 10, Issue 19 (8-2020)
Abstract
One of the main goals of the mission of experts motor learning is maximize the quality of learning experiences and optimize the educational environment .The purpose of this study was focusing on the effects of learning model, skilled model and positive self-review crawl on learning in children aged 9 to 11 years in Alborz Province. Participants of the random and available samples divided into different groups. Thus, Participants of all groups practiced three time in a week which have 20 attempt to practice in every session and totally all the crawl swimming exercises were finished at 12 session. at the end of the twelfth session acquisition test and a week after the end of the last session retention and transfer tests were taken. The dependent variable was the quality of Participants which was performed by swimming instructor-notch swimming using crawl skills assessment Czech list. The results indicate the advantage of the three types of model crawl performance and significant difference between groups in the acquisition, retention and transfer test) p<0/05(.Also, positive self-review and learning model groups was considerably better than skilled model and control group in Acquisition test. Furthermore, skilled model group scores are really higher than the control group. Positive self-review groups had the best performance in the retention and transfer tests in comparison with the other groups (learning model, skilled model and control). After that, learning model group was more effective than the rest of them (skilled model and Control groups). Finally, control groups had lowest performance among all mentioned groups
Chalak Majidi, Marjan Saffari, Mohammad Khabiri,
Volume 10, Issue 19 (8-2020)
Abstract
In the recent years, adventure sports have been growing increasingly. Adventure sports are new and appealing activities that regularly include some kinds of physical and mental challenges and relative presence of natural environment. These activities are presenting new paths and sometime they called as a serious competitor for mainstream sport. The aim of this study was to present a paradigm for adventure sports development. The qualitative methodology used in this study has followed an interpretive approach that was achieved by grounded theory. Data was collected from literature, interviews, focus groups, adventure sports related documentary films and movies. Results of this study are presenting adventure sports paradigm. In this paradigm developmental causal conditions of adventure sports, contexture of adventure sports, existing intervening conditions and contextual conditions, strategies and tactics for developing adventure sports and finally consequences. To appropriate recognition and encountering with this field, that most probably will be one of the main part of sport, we suggest doing more scientific research, especially with futurology approaches.
Dr Shahram Nazarpouri, Dr Abbas Bahram,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. The population of this study included all parents with infant's boys with 10 to 11 month in Tehran. Among them, 150 infants with and 150 infants without the experience of kindergarten using the multi-stage random sampling the method was selected as the sample groups. Data collection tools included an infant movement motivation questionnaire and Peabody Developmental Motor Scale–Second Edition (PDMS-2), the data analysis was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, linear regression, and t-test in a significance level of p≤0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (P=0/000), between movement motivation and motor development in infants with and without the experience of kindergarten. In the same context, a significant difference (P=0/000), was obtained in movement motivation and motor development between of infants with and without kindergarten experience and infants without the kindergarten experience, movement motivation, and motor development was higher. These results indicate that care of infants in kindergarten Centers may be due to the weakness of the programs and facilities have negative effects on of them movement motivation and motor development.
Dr Rasoul Yaali, Sara Oftadeh, Mrs Asma Mahmoodi,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
Focus of attention instruction has a great influence on performance and learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the predicted constrained action hypothesis in badminton backhand serv. 30 women student participants from physical education classes of University of Kharazmi are selected as sample. Participants are tested in probe task at different stage of serve after identifying base of reaction time, and level of attention demanding of different parts was measured. Then participants divided into two groups (internal and external focus of attention) and they are tested with their specific instruction again. The results revealed that first stage of serve has the most attention need (p<0/001), but there is not any difference between two groups and different serve stage in the effect of focus of attention type. Accordance with these results the constrained action hypothesis at discrete skills is not confirmed.
Abdolreza Oboudi, Dr Hossein Akbari Yazdi, Solieman Abdolahi,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
In football industry, the sports managers should include meeting of demands and needs of spectators on their agenda. However, this study aimed to determine the needs of spectators in Iranian Football Premier League. For this purpose, Kansei engineering method, Kano model, and Taguchi method were used to collect data. First, the emotional needs (41 needs) of spectators were identified. Using Kano model, then, these emotional needs were included in a four-level questionnaire which was designed for spectators of Iranian Football Premier League; it was distributed among 400 individuals. In order to achieve optimal situation, 7 basic needs were considered in designing the experiments. These 7 needs were analyzed in a three-tier spectrum. The findings showed that Iran's sports authorities, especially the Football Federation, may improve the satisfaction and attendance of spectators in stadiums if they improve the physical and security conditions of football stadiums and remove the existing obstacles including presence of women and presence with family in stadiums. The football clubs may also help achieve this goal by employing qualified and popular players and coaches.
Hossein Kurdlo, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Abass Khodayari,
Volume 10, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to predict the individual's attitude through their beliefs about advertising by using sports. This research is practical and is of the correlation method which was carried out as a field study. The statistical population was the spectators present at Azadi Stadium and according to the content of Cochran sample, 342 of the spectators were randomly chosen and filled in the questionnaire of advertising through sport called pyun (2006). The result of the regression analysis revealed that all the components of belief including the product information, social role and image, pleasure, annoying, good for economy, materialism and falsity had the capability of predicting the individual's attitude toward advertising through sport. The component good for economy had the most effect and materialism had the least effect on the individual's attitude toward advertising through sports. According these results, it is we essential pay attention to the quality and price of the predicts. On the other hand, we should use the advertising which are according to the culture of each in order to be more effective and attract the individual's attitude toward advertising through sports.
Samaneh Saeidpour, Najaf Aghaei,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the role of mediator of competitive advantage and organizational reputation in the causal relationship between social responsibility and Team performance of Persepolis Club. The research method is descriptive-survey in terms of purpose and applied with a structural equation approach.The statistical population included all Persepolis fans and the sample size according to Morgan table was 384 people (randomly).The Ressler's Club Reputation Questionnaire (2010), Hosseini's Competitive Advantage (2011), Galbrith Social Responsibility (2010), Glenn Team Performance (2003), Hosseini (2016), Cooper and Satter (2011) were used. Descriptive and inferential statistics with SEM approach were used to analyze the data; The results were analyzed using SPSS22 and Smart PLS3 software. It was found that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on team performance, competitive advantage and organizational reputation. The direct and significant effect of reputation on team performance and the mediating role of reputation was minor confirmed. However, the effect of competitive advantage on team performance and the mediating role of competitive advantage was not confirmed. It is suggested that Persepolis, by performing social responsibilities in economic, ethical, legal and humanitarian dimensions, promote the reputation, competitive advantage and team performance of the club.
Reza Khorshidi, Dr Alireza Elahi, Dr Farideh Hadavi,
Volume 11, Issue 21 (7-2021)
Abstract
This study was done to predict Consumption Behavior of spectators including tendency to Attend Again and purchasing marked merchandises. So, using correlation method, presented spectators in Azadi Stadium are chosen as statistical population. 696 people were chosen randomly and fill Alimohammadi's questionnaire of factors affecting presence and Kim's questionnaire of spectators' Consumption Behavior. Results from multi-regression analyze show that excitement, attendance & support, interaction & escape and information & attractiveness components have ability to prediction tendency to spectators of Esteghlal and Perspollis Attend Again and attendance and support components have ability to prediction purchasing marked merchandises. Attendance and support components have the most influence and interaction and escape have the least effect on spectators' tendency to Attend Again. According to these results, it can be suggested to managers of this clubs to more activate fan clubs, increase matches excitements and improve knowledge of spectators.
Hamed Sabzevari, Dr Neda Shahrzad, Dr Abbas Bahram,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
ABSTRAC
Physical activity is related to health factors such as motor competence, health related Physical fitness, perceived motor competence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mediation of cardiovascular fitness, perceived motor competence in relation between actual motor competence and physical activity of boys in middle and end childhood. Research is a correlation type. 204 students (mean age 9.9 and standard deviation of 1/05) from the four Tehran schools participated in this study. The motor competence was measured using the Bruninks-Oseretsky-based product-oriented (BOT-2), perceived motor competence, and physical activity, using the PSDQ and the physical activity questionnaire for older children (PAQC), respectively. The 600 yard running / walking test was used to measure cardiovascular endurance. Pearson's test results showed a moderate to weak relationship between all variables. Also, the results of regression path analysis indicated that perceived motor competence, not cardiovascular fitness, mediates the relationship between real motor competence and physical activity. Educational and practice strategies should target the development of fundament motor skills and perceived motor competence to increase the participation of male students in the physical activity.
Dr Bijan Rajaeian, Dr Rasoul Yaali, Mrs Sara Oftadeh, Ali Shah Hoseini, Shabnam Rezvan Nobahar,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Researchers have shown that visual motor skills can be improved by practicing visual skills for optimal motor performance during sport. The aim of this research was to study the effect of 6 visual training on vision functions skilled players in Badminton sport. The participants of this research were skilled badminton players from Esfahan province. 60 persons (range of age: of 25-30) were divided into two group: experimental group and control group randomly. After the presence of the two groups in pre-test, the experimental group participated in visual training and control group in watching badminton match movie, both for six weeks and three sessions per week and in the last session, both groups participated in post-test. These tests included close-far chart test (hart chart), two rows Saccades test, and test of bringing closes a pencil (prism test), coordination of eye-hand test, and the time of vision reaction test. The data was analyzed by ANCOVA analyses test (p≤0.05).The results indicated that in some visual function (included Visual reaction time, Tracking and Visual concentration in experimental group was better than control group.
Hossein Kargar, Dr Hossein Akbari Yazdi,
Volume 11, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Organizations without strategy are like a ships without a compass. The purpose of this study was to Codification a mission statement and strategies developtnem of Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences Kharazmi University in Horizon 1404. Statistical research samples were 15 persons that included the administrators, active and Physical Education experts who were aware of the situation of the Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty and active sport coaches of Kharazmi University. The Research method was descriptive analytical, based on Brayson Strategic model, For data gathering, questionnaire, benchmarking, intervie and literature review were used and based on that, the Mission Statement, Vision, Values, Main Goals and SWOT setted, after that these elements were confirmed through Strategic group. After identifying SWOT, were used the descriptive Matrix (such as IFE, EFE, SWOT analysis and QSPM). Due to internal and external matrix, the strategic position of the faculty, was conservative in WO and then (A total of 14 strategies) were identified. These strategies were prioritized by using a Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) and then Due to internal and external matrix (IE), strategic positioning School (in conservative WO) was used. To maintain an environment can benefit from opportunities to reduce internal weaknesses programmed.
Zeinab Khodaverdi, Dr Abbas Bahram, Dr Hassan Khalaji, Dr Anoshirvan Kazemnejad, Dr Farhad Ghadiri,
Volume 12, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
This study aimed to address agreement level of performances on 3 selected motor skill assessment tools in a sample of Iranian first to fourth graders aged 7-10 year olds. The convenience sample included 164 healthy girls from public schools. A Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated on the association between MABC-2, KTK and TGMD-3 performances in graders. A one-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was conducted to compare performances means across grade levels. Low-to-moderate correlations were found between assessments across age in each assessment. In general, girls demonstrated higher scores across age cohorts. In conclusion, low-to-moderate associations among assessments instruments provide different pictures/levels of motor competency and should not be used interchangeably in studies.
Fatemeh Sabzevari Shahreza, Dr Shahab Parvinpour, Dr Mahdi Namazizadeh,
Volume 12, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of teaching games for understanding approach (TGfU) on aerobic endurance, enhancing motor performance and promoting physical activity. To this end, the ten-year-old (mean age=10.2 years, SD 0.7) students in two fourth-grade classes at a school in Sirjan were randomly divided into control and experimental group (N= 22 for each group). First, all participants were given Canadian Agility and Movement Skills Assessment (CAMSA) and Pacer test were taken and their level of physical activity was measured and recorded with a pedometer. The students in the experimental group participated in an intervention program for 36 sessions each for 45 minutes. The participants in the control group followed the usual program. Finally in the end of the intervention, the-second-time- performed tests were given to both groups. Mann-Whitney U test and “Poisson regression analysis” by using GEE method" was used to data analyze. Finally, the same tests were performed after intervention program for both groups. Results indicated that, this approach can play a significant role on agility and movement skills and level of physical activity, while no significant difference was observed on aerobic endurance. The results support the hypothesis that the use of TGfU approach can be effective in facilitating the development of motor performance and improving the level of physical activity among children.
Dr Mohamad Hasan Peymanfar,
Volume 12, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Kharazmi University is the first and oldest center of higher education in the Iranian sports industry. Therefore, being a leader in moving towards fourth generation universities can be a model for other faculties across the country. To this end, the present study has reviewed and analyzed strategically in this field using the new three-branch model TOPSIS-SWOT-FIFs and presented related strategies on the Vision of 2025. In the strategic studies section, experts in the field of sports sciences as members of the strategic council (11 people), and in the quantitative section, all faculty members and staffs (40 people) formed the present research community. The findings of the present study are the result of the efforts of more than 100 people-hours of the research community and include 14 macro strategies and 65 strategic actions in 4 axes of growth and development. In this regard, it seems that in order to be a leader in the fourth generation universities and also to achieve its mission, the development of an executive model of strategies can be the first step to achieve the developed vision.
