Showing 55 results for Exercise
Dr Ali Asghar Ravasi, Dr Mousa Khalafi, Dr Karim Azali Alamdari,
Volume 19, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Background and objective: Effects of exercise training on metabolic disorders through modifications in fibroblast growth factor -21 (FGF-21) level are controversial. Therefore, the aim of study was to determine the quantitative effect of exercise training protocols on serum FGF-21 level in adults with metabolic disorders. Methods: A systematic search of the published Persian or English-language studies from PubMed and Google Scholar databases up to march 2021 was done and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using random-effects models. Results: a total of 14 studies (aerobic training=3, resistance training=3, HIIT=4, concurrent training=4) including on 19 interventions conducted on 503 subjects (with overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome and or fatty liver disease) were eligible to include in the meta-analysis. However, because of the heterogeneity, the final quantitative impact of 16 interventions was calculated as a declining serum FGF21 level after training [SMD=-0.44(CI: -0.65 to -0.22) p=0.001] which had no correlation with subjects age(p=0.10) or BMI(p=0.50) level. Conclusion: exercise training protocols are efficient tools for a remarkable decrease in serum FGF-21 in patients with metabolic disorders which seems to lead to more beneficial effects on metabolic disturbances. However, more clinical trials are still warranted in this area considering the role of exercise components such as exercise intensity and type
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Volume 20, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
Considering the prevalence of pain and disability in the knee joint, the present study investigated the effect of core stability training with improving knee joint proprioception on balance, pain and functional disability of women with chronic knee pain. 20 women aged 30 to 50 with chronic knee pain were placed in two experimental and control groups. To measure static and dynamic balance, pain and functional disability, the stork balance tests, Y, VAS and VOMACK questionnaire were used, respectively. Exercises were followed for eight weeks in the experimental group. To evaluate the research hypotheses, the analysis of variance test with repeated measurements was used in spss software version 24. The results showed that before the exercise protocol, there was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups in any of the measured variables. While the eight-week training protocol caused a significant difference in static and dynamic balance, functional disability and pain between the control and experimental groups. Therefore, core stability training with improving knee joint proprioception increase balance in people with chronic knee pain, which can reduce the risk of falling in these people and improve the quality of life by improving pain and functional disability.
Hossein Nabavinik, Mohsen Ali Darchini, Reza Azimi,
Volume 20, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Core stability and plyometric exercises are training methods that athletes use to improve their performance. The purpose of this study was exploring the effect of a period of six week plyometric and core stability exercise on some of physical fitness of boy's athlete. Methods: 36 male athletes who were male with 11-14 years old participated in the semi-experimental study. They randomly divided in three group that each group has 12 subjects (first group; core stability exercise, second group; plyometric exercise and third group; control). The performance tests (standing broad Jump, Vertical Jump, 9.1 m Sprint, Shuttle Run, Flexibility and seated medicine ball toss tests) applied a day before starting core stability and plyometric exercises. Then post-test applied. In order to analysis data, ANOVA test was used (p<0.05). Results: Both core stability and plyometric exercise group showed significance increase in performance tests (Standing Broad Jump, Vertical Jump, 9.1 m Sprint, Shuttle Run). Conclusion: Based on the findings, we recommend the core stability and plyometric exercises in order to improve some of physical fitness of athletes.
Saeed Vahedi, Mareft Siah Koohian, Milad Rahati, Negar Rostami, Elaheh Fallahzadeh, Roghayeh Afrondeh,
Volume 20, Issue 23 (9-2022)
Abstract
Covid 19 disease is associated with a wide range of clinical symptoms and long-term complications. For most sports medicine professionals, it's a new challenge for people to resume their previous activities after recovering from Covid 19 after receiving the exercise prescription and care. The aim of this study was to review the appropriate physical activity for those recovering from Covid 19 infection based on the type of involvement they developed during the illness. For this study, a review study method was selected. This is done in three steps. In the first stage, physical activity in Quid, in the second stage, organ involvement in Quid, and in the third stage, sports prescriptions in organ involvement by searching for appropriate keywords in reputable scientific databases such as Pubmed, ACSM, SID. ir and Science Direct were searched, content related to the purpose of the articles were extracted and collected and analyzed for content. Examination of organs after recovery from Covid 19 infection is essential to return to physical activity. Physical activity prescriptions in those recovering from Corona varies from disease to patient, and organ to organ. Exercising in Covid conditions requires consideration. The cardiovascular, respiratory, blood, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems are affected by Covid 19 infection. Exercise, on the other hand, has different effects on the immune system depending on its severity, and the immune system undergoes changes in Covid 19 disease. The type, intensity, and duration of exercise or physical activity vary according to the patient and the symptoms or side effects left by Quid, and the readiness of the various organs for physical activity should be assessed.
Dr Majid Kashef, Dr Maral Ramez, Azam Ahmadi,
Volume 20, Issue 24 (3-2023)
Abstract
It is estimated that by 2035, more than 130 million adults will suffer from various types of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is very important to know the pathogens of cardiac diseases and investigate new treatments. Also, despite continuous progress in diagnosis, patient education, and risk factor management, myocardial infarction (MI) remains one of the most common causes of morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality worldwide. The events associated with MI are highly complex and characterized by rapid metabolic and biochemical changes. Exercise training is an effective cardioprotective strategy that reduces adverse effects of MI and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Multiple signaling pathways of exercise preconditioning in mitigating MI-induced cardiac damage is one of the topics that has attracted much attention. In this article, some of the contributing factors in exercise-induced cardiac protection, including mitochondrial changes, metabolic changes, vascular adaptations, antioxidant capacity, heat shock proteins, cyclooxygenase levels, ATP-sensitive potassium channels, adenosine, protein kinase C, calcium and klotho homeostasis are discussed.
Nafise-Sadat Shahamiri, Dr Mohammad-Ali Soleiman-Fallah, Dr Foad Feizolahi,
Volume 20, Issue 24 (3-2023)
Abstract
The aim of this study is the effect of one period core stability exercise with and without kinesio taping on biomechanical effective factors in lower cross syndrome on female. 36 female between 30 to 40 were randomly divided in to 3 groups (control, with taping and without taping). each group consist 12 participant. To measure Pelvic slope, Hip and Knee ROM, Isometric strength of flexors and extensors, Abdominal muscle endurance, Flexibility of spine extensors, Endurance of core muscles, respectively was used Inclinometer, Goniometer, Dynamometer, Body flection test, Body straightening test and Planck test to the side. To evaluate research hypotheses, if there is a significant difference between them we was used analysis of covariance test and multiple comparison in averages with post hoc bonferroni test. The result of the survey indicate that difference between taping and control groups were significant in pelvic slope, hamstring and rectus femoris flexibility, knee and hip flexors muscle strength )p≥0/05(. Difference between without taping and control groups were significant in pelvic slope, rectus femoris and spine extensors flexibility (p≥0/05(. Difference between with and with¬out taping groups were significant in hamstring and iliopsoas flexibility, knee flexors, hip flexors, extensors, adductors strength, core muscles endurance )p≥0/05(. The results show that training with taping has an effective role on reducing lower cross syndrome. So it is suggested that taping can be used as an non-aggressive and low-cost method at the same time with exercise.
Reza Khazaei, Dr Mansour Sahebozamani, Dr Abdolhamid Daneshjoo,
Volume 20, Issue 24 (3-2023)
Abstract
Postural disorders disrupt muscle activity and lead to joint dysfunction. Maintaining the function of the shoulder joint requires precise coordination and on-time action of muscles, and its dysfunction lead to change in the level of muscle activity, movement disorder. This study aimed to measure the effects of corrective exercise program with kinesiotaping and physio-ball and durability of these effects after 4 weeks on EMG of serratus anterior, middle trapezius and rhomboids major muscles among male young with upper crossed syndrome. Forty-five male young with upper crossed syndrome (control group: age:17.00±0.75, height 163.93±2.01, weight 65.20±6.51، BMI 25.10±2.76, corrective exercise with physio-ball: age 16.93±0.88, height 161.66±6.85 ,weight 63.40±10.09، BMI 26.84±3/04, corrective exercise with kinesiotaping: age 17.00± 0.92, height 161.53±7.25, weight 62.86±6/81, BMI 27.88±3/84) objectively selected and participated in this study. The training program designed based on the previous studies and conducted during 8 weeks, three sessions per week (each session 40 to 60 minutes) under the supervision of the examiner. EMG device was used to measure of the MVIC electrical activity of trapezius, rhomboids and serratus anterior muscle during external and internal rotation and extension of shoulder. After 4 weeks of the training, the post-tests were repeated.The one way ANCOVA was showed that the amount of electrical activity of the selected shoulder girdle muscles after eight weeks of testing in both experimental groups in the post-test and after one month inactivity test were significantly improved than the pre-test Group corrective exercise with physioball (serratus anterior p= 0.001,17.14%, middle trapezius p=0.001,15.79% and rhomboids major p=0.001,14.81%), corrective exercise with kinesiotaping (serratus anterior p=0.001,17.14%, middle trapezius p=0.001,21.62% and rhomboids major p=0.001,20%) and durability in group of corrective exercise with physioball (serratus anterior p=0.001, 8.6%،, middle trapezius p=0.001, 7.9% and rhomboids major p=0.001, 7.4%) durability in group corrective exercise with kinesiotaping (serratus anterior p=0.001, 8.6%, middle trapezius p=0.001،16.2 % and rhomboids major p=0.001, 8%). Considering the results of the present research, it can be stated that corrective exercise programs with kinesio taping and physioball have an effect on the electrical activity and durability of selected shoulder girdle muscles and And these effects are lasting even after 4 weeks. It is suggested to use this program of corrective exercises for male students with upper crossed syndrome to improve their shoulder girdle muscles strength.
Negin Gilsamaei, Dr Seyd Sadredin Shojaedin, Dr Hassan Sadeghi,
Volume 20, Issue 24 (3-2023)
Abstract
The prevalence of sports injuries in martial arts is high. Most Taekwondo injuries also occur in the lower extremities. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of a period of plyometric exercises, with and without stretching exercises, on knee valgus dynamics, flexibility and functional variables of elite female taekwondo athletes at risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. 45 elite female taekwondo athletes aged 15-25 years with anterior cruciate ligament injuries participated in this study. Knee valgus dynamics in squat movement were measured with KINOVEA software. Flexibility was measured with direct leg lift test and performance indicators were measured with Y-balance, three-step jump and error scoring system. The tests were conducted before and after eight weeks of plyometric exercises, along with the stretching exercises. Then, the data obtained were analyzed.There was a significant difference between the results of pre-test and post-test data measured in the two experimental groups (P ≥ 0.05). According to the stark differences based on the analyzed data, it is clearly evident that the group of athletes with plyometric exercises with stretching have obtained far superior results and outcome..Plyometric exercises with stretching had a significant effect on reducing the risk of injury, as well as increasing the flexibility and performance of elite female taekwondo athletes exposed to anterior cruciate ligament injury. Considering the vast improvements reported for the plyometric training group with stretching, it is recommended that these interventions be used to reduce the risk of injury and increase the performance of taekwondo practitioners.
Mr Reza Asadi, Dr Mohammad Reza Kordi, Dr Fatemeh Shabkhiz,
Volume 21, Issue 25 (9-2023)
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes play an important role in the progression of MS. Appropriate exercise training and living in an enriched environment (EE) can improve or prevent the progression of the disease through the secretion of some neurodevelopmental factors in the hippocampus, including irisin and the neutrophic factor derived from the mouse. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of aerobic and resistance training and EE on irisin protein and hippocampus BDNF levels in female C57BL6 mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). 50 female mice (age 8 weeks, average weight 18 ± 2 grams) were randomly divided into five equal groups (10 mice in each group): 1- healthy control, 2- control + EAE, 3- resistance activity + EAE, 4- Aerobic activity + EAE and 5- EE + EAE. The first and second weeks of adaptation to the environment and then induction of EAE were performed. The training groups trained 5 days a week for half an hour a day for 4 weeks, and the EE group was transferred to its equipped cage. 48 hours after the last training session, the mice were anesthetized and then dissected and tissue removed. The ELISA method was used to measure the amounts of proteins, and the analysis of variance and Tukey's t-test were used to determine the differences between the research variables. All analyzes were performed at a significance level of 0.05 and with SPSS22 software. Hippocampal BDNF expression was increased in all three training groups compared to the EAE control group. This increase in the EE and resistance training group was significant compared to both the EAE control group and the swimming training group. Also, hippocampal irisin expression increased in all three training groups compared to the EAE control group, and this increase was significant in the EE and resistance training groups. Also, the expression of irisin in the EE group increased more than the two aerobic swimming and resistance training groups, and this increase was proportional to It was meaningful to the swimming aerobic training group. It seems that EE and resistance training can increase the secretion of nerve growth factors such as irisin and BDNF and thus help to improve MS disease.
Vahid Fazeli, Pezhman Motamedi, Hamid Rajabi, Neda Khaledi,
Volume 21, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of combined exercise on aortic atherosclerosis and FGF23 in male rats with chronic renal failure. Methods: In this study, 20 male Wistar rats (mean weight 10 ± 250 g) were induced by NX5 / 6 method for chronic renal failure. After 2 weeks of recovery, they were randomly divided into two groups of control (n= 10) and combined training (n= 10) and performed a combined training protocol for 8 weeks. The combined training protocol consisted of two resistance training exercises on a ladder with 2 sets and 6 repetitions with percentages of body weight and aerobic exercise included 30 minutes of low-intensity treadmill activity. Results: The results showed that combined exercise reduced aortic atherosclerosis and decreased plaques, and FGF23 decreased significantly (p = 0.001). Parathoromon hormone also significantly decreased (p = 0.041) and calcium and phosphorus significantly decreased (p = 0.004 and p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusion: Overall, the results showed that combined training could decrease FGF23, parathoromon hormone, calcium and phosphor on aortic atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease indices in chronic renal failure patients.
Mohsen Soltani, Ali Barzegari, Saeed Naghibi, Mohammad Hassaan Dashty Khavidaki,
Volume 21, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin supplementation and training on myostatin and follistatin levels in the heart tissue of diabetic rats. Methods: For this purpose, 50 10-week-old male Wistar rats with an average weight of 237±33 grams were randomly divided into five groups of 10 including: healthy control, diabetes, diabetes+supplement, diabetes+exercise, and diabetes+supplement+exercise. . The training protocol includes five sessions per week for eight weeks on a treadmill without a special slope. The rodents ran for 60 minutes at a speed of 25 meters per minute in each session.and the supplement groups received 50 mg/kg quercetin daily by gavage. The results showed that the difference in myostatin levels among the groups is significant (P=0.001). There was a significant decrease in myostatin levels between exercise+supplement+diabetes group with diabetes (P=0.002). There was also a significant difference between the supplement+diabetes and exercise+diabetes groups (P=0.009). Also, the results showed that the difference in follistatin levels among the groups is significant (P=0.001). The results showed that follistatin levels in the heart tissue increased significantly between the groups of diabetes, exercise+diabetes, supplement+diabetes and exercise+supplements+diabetes with the control group (respectively: P=0.005; P=0.001; P=0.001; P = 0.001).
It seems that moderate intensity aerobic exercise and quercetin supplementation have a positive and beneficial effect on the levels of myostatin and folstatin.
Elahe Talebi-Garakani, Shokoufeh Kheradmand, Khadijeh Nasiri,
Volume 21, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in postmenopausal women is higher compared to men. A decrease in estrogen with menopause leads to dysfunction in mitochondria. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of high intensity aerobic training(HIT) on the copy number of mitochondrial genome (mtDNAcn) and mitochondrial transcription factor A(Tfam) in visceral adipose tissue(VAT) in ovariectomized(OVX) rats fed with high-fat diet(HFD). 40 rats (8 weeks, 200±20 gr) were divided into 5 groups:1) normal diet (ND), 2) ND+OVX, 3) HFD, 4) HFD+OVX, and 5) HFD+OVX+HIT. HIT performed aerobic training (80-85% of maximum oxygen consumption) for 8 weeks/5 sessions/42 minutes.48 hours after the last training session, VAT samples were taken to evaluate mtDNAcn and Tfam gene expression by qRT-PCR method. ANOVA and LSD tests were used to compare the differences between groups. OVX and HFD didn’t lead to a significant change in Tfam gene expression, but caused a significant decrease in the mtDNAcn compared to the control group. HIT caused a significant increase in Tfam gene expression compared to the control group and Tfam gene expression and mtDNAcn compared to the HFD+OVX. Hence, HIT improves mitochondrial function through mtDNAcn and Tfam gene expression in VAT in OVX rats fed by HFD.
Elmira Ahmadi, Shahnaz Shahrbanian, Mohamadreza Kordi, Reza Gharakhanlou, Gregory Pearcey,
Volume 22, Issue 27 (8-2024)
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms among individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The imbalance of inflammatory cytokines in the brain causes mental fatigue. It is believed that aerobic exercise may moderate the level of inflammation of cytokines and thus reduce mental fatigue. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of swimming aerobic training on pro-inflammatory factors (interleukin 6) and anti-inflammatory factors (interleukin 10) to evaluate mental fatigue in the brains of female mice after EAE induction. In this research, 21 mice (8 weeks old, 18 to 20 grams) were divided into three groups: healthy control, EAE control, and EAE swimming aerobic exercise. The animals in the training group performed moderate-intensity swimming exercises for 4 weeks, with 5 sessions per week, each session lasting 30 minutes. The western blot method was used to analyze the research variables. The results showed no significant difference in the amount of IL-6 between the EAE group and the swimming training group, but the amount of IL-10 in the swimming training group showed a significant increase compared to the EAE group. The ratio of IL-10/IL-6 values between the swimming training group and the EAE group was also not significant. It seems that moderate-intensity swimming aerobic exercises, without changing the pro-inflammatory factor, along with increasing the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10, can lead to an improvement in the balance of the inflammatory index and a reduction in fatigue in the EAE group and the swimming exercise group.
Fatemeh Kazeminasab, Mohammad Hossein Mahboobi, Karim Azali Alamdari,
Volume 22, Issue 27 (8-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of combining aerobic exercise (AE) and vegetarian diet (VD) on blood pressure and body weight in adults with overweight and obesity. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google scholar databases were searched until February 2023 for English articles, and 1065 articles were found. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the impact of aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet on body weight, blood pressure in adults with overweight and obesity. Data analysis was performed using random effect model and weighted mean differences (WMD). The results of meta-analysis of 25 studies with 10192 adults showed that combined aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet significantly decreased in body weight [WMD=-4.63, p=0.001] , systolic blood pressure [WMD=-6.94, p=0.001] , and diastolic blood pressure [WMD=-4.5, p=0.001] , in adults with overweight and obesity. Aerobic training alongside vegetarian diet as a non-medication approach for weight loss and blood pressure control in adults with overweight and/or obesity. In addition, aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet with both types of duration (less than 12 weeks and more than 12 weeks) cause a significant decrease in blood pressure in adults with overweight and obesity.
Dr Amir Letafatkar, Faranak Amini, Bahram Sheikhi,
Volume 22, Issue 27 (8-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a combination of pain neuroscience education and targeted cognitive motor control training with targeted cognitive motor control training alone in patients with chronic low back pain.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-four chronic low back pain patients (pain neuroscience education with targeted cognitive motor control training group, n=27 and targeted cognitive motor control training only group, n=27) participated in this study. Pain, disability, central sensitization inventory, and kinesiophobia were assessed at baseline and eight weeks after interventions. Repeated measures analysis of variance and linear mixed models were used to examine between-group differences.
Results: A significant group×time interaction effect was found for pain (p=0.008), central sensitization inventory (p=0.002) and kinesiophobia (p<0.001) in the pain neuroscience education with targeted cognitive motor control training group compared to the targeted cognitive motor control training only group after eight weeks. Main effects of time were observed for pain, disability, and fear of movement after interventions (p<0.001). No significant group×time interaction effects was found for disability (p=0.50).
Conclusions: This study’s findings support the provision of pain neuroscience education as a clinically effective addition to targeted cognitive motor control training in chronic low back pain patients.
Roghayeh Afzali Nasab Gorohi, Abdolhamid Daneshjoo, Mansour Sahebozamani,
Volume 22, Issue 28 (12-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of feedback and feed forward neuromuscular training on balance and isometric strength in female basketball players with a high risk of injury in Kerman.20women basketball players of Kerman city purposely selected and who were randomly divided into two groups of feedback and feed forward and performed intervention for 8 weeks, three sessions per week. Dynamic balance and isometric knee strength was measured using Biodex system and MMT device. One way ANCOVA was used for data analyze. The results showed significant differences between pre-post test balance Overall Stability and internal/external balance and Anterior/Posterior balance (P=0.001).Significant difference was observed in the strength of quadriceps muscle and hamstring between the two groups of feedback and feed forward exercises (P≥0.05).Isometric Quadriceps strength and hamstring in the post- test showed an significantly improvement of in feedback and feedforward group compared to the pre-test (P=0.001).It can be concluded that neuromuscular training can enhanced balance and isometric strength, of women and training with feedback has more important than training with feedforward.
Danial Timaji, Farshad Ghazalian, Mandana Gholami, Hossein Abednatanzi,
Volume 22, Issue 28 (12-2024)
Abstract
In order to remain competitive, athletes and coaches are constantly looking for ways to enhance performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of HIFT training and hypoxia mask on maximum oxygen consumption and respiratory efficiency of the players of Iran's men's national ice hockey team. In this semi-experimental study, 14 players of the Iranian national ice hockey team were divided into two HIFT and HIFT exercise with hypoxia mask groups, then both HIFT groups and HIFT exercise with hypoxia mask, performed HIFT training sessions with 30 seconds repetition and five sets for about an hour, three sessions a week for six weeks. maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and respiratory efficiency (vE/VCO2) were measured using gas analyzer. The results showed that HIFT and HIFT with hypoxia mask have an increasing effect on VO2max, but there was no difference between the effect of HIFT and HIFT with hypoxia mask on VO2max (P=0.390). vE/VCO2 decreased in both groups, but there was no difference between the effect of HIFT training and hypoxia mask on vE/VCO2 (P<0.05).
According to the similar respiratory performance benefits, elite male ice hockey players can benefit from HIFT training.
Reza Khazaei, Mansour Sahebozamani, Ehsanolla Habibi, Khosro Jalali Dehkordi, Nafise Pishgooie, Banafsheh Parvaresh,
Volume 22, Issue 28 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aims:The necessity and importance of such research, especially among the young is quite tangible. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of 8 weeks of corrective selected exercise and combination kinesiotaping and tera band training on the kyphosis angle of adolescent boys with kyphosis. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, spinal deformity information of 36 boy students in gym of Esfahan city, 15-18year participated in this study. Then boy student’s participated in an 8-week corrective selected exercise and Combination of Kinesiotaping and Teraband، the end their deformity were evaluated again.For data analysis descriptive statistics ، T tests and SPSS Software was used.The angleof kyphosis in pre-test (48/8± 0/9) after using corrective selected exercise have had a significant reduction (46/9±0/8). Angle of kyphosis in pre-test (49. 1 ± 0.7) after using Combination of Kinesiotaping and Teraband have had a significant reduction (46/97±0/8). Conclusion:corrective exercises alone or in combination with new methods of training, the subjects had a positive impact on improving the kyphosis. But according to the results of this study, no significant difference was found between the corrective exercises with the combined method.
Mohamadjavad Razi, Hasan Modares, Zahra Shakeri Hosinabad,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and virtual learning may adversely affect students' musculoskeletal health and physical activity levels. This study aimed to investigate the impact of online education and prolonged sitting on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and physical activity among university students.
Methods: In this descriptive study, 440 male and female students from Farhangian University, Yazd Branch, were selected as the sample. Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and Beck Physical Activity Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using McNemar, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman’s correlation tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The prevalence of MSDs during the pandemic showed a significant increase compared to the pre-pandemic period (p<0.05). A significant correlation was observed between reduced physical activity and increased MSDs (p<0.05). Students who did not follow proper sitting postures had significant disorders in the neck (p<0.0001), shoulder (p=0.006), wrist (p=0.002), lower back (p=0.001), hip (p=0.01), and knee (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that quarantine conditions and virtual learning may exacerbate musculoskeletal problems and sedentary behavior among students. Promoting ergonomic practices and physical activity during pandemics is crucial.
Hamid Abbasi Bafghi, Mohammad Hasan Kordi Ashkezari, Abdolmajid Heratizadeh, Saeed Abedinzadeh,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: Ankle injuries are among the most common sports-related injuries, often caused by factors such as "direct contact with a player or the ground, tackles that push the ankle inward or outward, and during jumping and landing." Among these injuries, lateral ankle sprains are one of the most prevalent types, frequently associated with ankle instability. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of balance training and hopping exercises on the proprioception of athletes with functional ankle instability.
Methods: A total of 30 basketball, volleyball, and handball athletes with functional ankle instability, with a mean age of 24.58 ± 3.626 years and a body mass index (BMI) of 25.681 ± 2.126, were randomly assigned to two groups in a clinical trial. The first group (n=15) performed hopping exercises, while the second group (n=15) performed balance training. Proprioception of their ankle joints was assessed at baseline and after six weeks of training. Data analysis was conducted using paired t-tests and ANCOVA via SPSS version 20.
Results: Both balance training and hopping exercises significantly reduced the absolute error in reconstructing dorsiflexion and plantarflexion angles of the ankle (p<0.05). Additionally, the reduction in absolute error for these angles was significantly greater in the hopping group compared to the balance training group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The findings indicate that both balance training and hopping exercises improve ankle joint proprioception in athletes with functional ankle instability. However, hopping exercises demonstrated greater effectiveness compared to balance training.
