Showing 15 results for Ast
V Saleh, H Sadeghi, P Shams Najafabadi, M.r Rezaeian, H Valizadeh,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the profile of anthropometric, somatotype and body composition between novice and professional 6 to 8 years old gymnasts. A total of 40 gymnasts in tow group (20 novice gymnasts and 20 professional gymnasts) participated in this study. A total of 17 anthropometric, somatotype and body composition variables were recorded of each subject. The tools used in this study are: questionnaires (individual information and general health evaluation), chronometer, band meter, and movable weight scale, stadiometer, sliding calliper and somatotype software. In ferential and descriptive statistics and independent T test were used to analyze the obtained data. The level of significance was 0.05. There were significant differences in skinfold percentage (triceps, Supraspinatus and calf), total hand length, hip and calf, circumferences, BMI, endomorph and ectomorph between tow group) p<0.05). From an anthropometric stand point, 6 to 8 years old is a lowest and best age for select and talent identification. According to the results, between two groups, professional gymnasts exhibited lower BMI, circumferences (hip and calf), skinfolds, endomorphy and more total hand length, mesomorphy and ectomorphy than nivice gymnasts. On average, professional and novice gymnasts were in ectomorph-mesomorph and endomorph-mesomorph status respectively.
S Sadeghi, M.r Asad, M.h Ferdowsi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
Overweight is one of the most important reasons for increasing the liver enzymes that causes liver and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this research is to investigation the effects of 12weeks training on liver enzymes. Subjects of this research is 26 woman with BMI≥29 and average age Between 42 to 52, they divided to two main groups: experimental and control group n=13. 24 hours before training and 48 hours after sampling, body composition and oxygen maximum, were done for all of the subjects. Experimental group have done 12 weeks endurance training that contains 3 session between 40 to 80 percent of heart beat and duration of 15 to 30 min. Data was analyzed by using of covariance and T test,(a≤0./05),results showed that in experimental group there is significant increase in oxygen maximum (p=0/006) and significant decrease observed in BMI (p=0/001). But not observed significant change in ALT enzymes (p=0/493) and AST (p=0/403). Results showed that the impacts of 12 weeks endurance training on liver enzymes of those women was not significant because of not preparing of subjects, also high level of BMI in both groups are possible. Therefore, non significant increase of ALT exercise group be investigated, the longer half life of this enzyme is (40+12) hours. So, it seems that we need more than 48hours to recovery the enzyme.
Zahra Khadivi Burojeny, Hamid Rajabi, Mohammad Marandi, Shaghayegh Haghjoo, Alireza Khadivi Burojeny, Ebrahim Noorian,
Volume 16, Issue 15 (9-2018)
Abstract
The purpose of present study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training on serumic myostatin, and Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 (FGF-2) level in male Wistar rats. 20 adult male wistar rats(150-250gr) were randomly divided into 2 groups [control group; n=10 (C), resistance training; n=10 (R)]. Resistance training was conducted for 8 weeks (5 session/week) on a special 1 meter height ladder (divided by 26 stairs) with loading of 30٪ of body weight (suspended from the tail) in the first week and increased to 200٪ of body weight in the last week. Training includes 3 sets of 4 reps with 3 minutes rest between sets. At the end of last week blood samples were taken from the rats and myostatin, TGF-β1 and FGF-2 was measured in three groups with the ELISA kit. At the end of the study ،the plasma levels of the myostatin decreased [71/82±19/62 mg/dl (R) ver. 105/86±17/49 mg/dl(C). (p≤0/001)], but the level of FGF-2 increased significantly in resistance training group [102/462±11/135mg/dl (R) ver. 86/96±12/606 mg/dl (C) (p=0/048)]. In contrast, the serum level of TGF-β was not statistically different between the two groups [153/48±54/09 mg/dl (R).160/62±32/85 mg/dl (C). (p=0/725)]. This study shows that 8 weeks of resistance training reduces serum levels myostatin and increased serum levels of FGF-2. These two factors cause activation or non-activation of satellite cells (Muscle stem cells that control muscle hypertrophy). However the nerve - muscle agents in the first 8 weeks of resistance training have the maximum participation on strength increases, but in this research we see affect the signals of satellite cells in the first 8 weeks of resistance training can change significantly. Also, although serum levels of TGF-β1 in the exercise group was significantly different from the control group, but the overall value of the exercise group had slightly reduced.
Soroush Shah Hosseini, Amir Hossein Barati, Mohammad Hossein Nasermeli, Mohsen Moradi,
Volume 18, Issue 20 (11-2020)
Abstract
Given that more than 50 percent of patellofemoral pain syndrome include of overuse injuries, the aim of this study was to compare the vastus medialis muscle activity in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome after a period of strength and flexibility training with and without the electrophysiological feedback. A total of 30 subjects (15 men and 15 women) participated in this study. Subjects were divided into three group's control, therapeutic and therapeutic with electrophysiological feedback. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the activity of vastus medialis muscle in between groups. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in the activity of the vastus medialis muscle activity (P <0.05). The results of Tukey's post hoc test for intra-group comparisons showed that there was a significant difference between the control group with the therapeutic group (P = 0.024), the control group with the therapeutic group and the electrophysiological feedback (P=0.028) and the therapeutic group with the therapeutic group and the electrophysiological feedback (P<0.001). Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, therapeutic exercises with electrophysiological feedback have a greater effect on the activity of vastus medialis than the therapeutic group in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Mr Iman Rouzbeh, Dr Amirhossein Barati, Dr Hooman Minoonejad,
Volume 19, Issue 21 (9-2021)
Abstract
As Squat is a popular exercise for support of lower extremity muscles in order to injury prevention this study has been hold to comprise the electromyography of vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles in three Squat techniques of man soccer players. 15 soccer players, aged 18-25 years old, who had regular exercise more than two years did open, closed and lung Squats exercise while electromyography of vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles were recorded. Data analyzed by using dependent and independent T test and repeated measure ANOVA. There was not significant difference of vastus medialis and vastus lateralis muscles’ electromyography during getting up, going down phases and also for different squat techniques. The vastus lateralis muscle show more activity in all conditions. Though, it is recommended that vastus medialis has bold role for controlling of squat exercise, reduction of Q angle and participants’ knee varus in this study can be the reason of antithesis.
Reza Sabzevari Rad, Hekmat Ehsan Bakhsh, Ebrahim Fasihi Ramandi,
Volume 19, Issue 22 (12-2021)
Abstract
Adiponectin plays an important role in many metabolic and heart diseases. Regulation of liver enzymes is also essential for the health of the body's organs. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a HIIT training period on adiponectin levels and serum concentrations of liver enzymes in obese and overweight boys. 22 obese and overweight boys were selected and randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental. The experimental group performed eight weeks of HIIT pedaling with 80% HR reserve intensity for 3 days a week. The variables of adiponectin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) using kits and laboratory methods as well as aerobic power, body mass index, and fat percentage of tests in the two stages before and after Exercise protocol was also measured and covariance test was used to compare the research variables and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship. The results were analyzed at a significant level (P<0.05) using SPSS software version 24. Performing eight weeks of HIIT exercise using a bicycle resulted in a non-significant reduction in adiponectin (P>0.05), AST(P>0.05) and ALP(P >0.05) enzymes. This exercise also significantly reduced ALT enzyme (P<0.05) and fat percentage (P<0.05) and increased aerobic capacity (P<0.05)
HIIT exercise strengthens aerobic power and reduces the percentage of fat and reduces the liver enzyme ALT in obese boys. Of course, more research is needed to clarify this issue.
Elham Shahabpoor, Mohammad Amin Delavari,
Volume 21, Issue 26 (12-2023)
Abstract
Cachexia syndrome and the risk of cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent in cancer patients.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of endurance training as a therapeutic method on muscle cachexia and cardiovascular consequences caused by breast cancer. After 2 weeks of breast cancer induction, 20 BALB/c mice (age: 6-8 weeks and weight: 17- 18 g) mice performed the maximum aerobic capacity test and were randomly allocated into tumor-control and tumor-exercise groups. The tumor-exercise group performed the endurance Training protocol for 6 weeks, 5 days a week with gradual increase in intensity from 12 to 20 (m.min-1) and duration from 25 to 55 minutes And 24 hours after the last training session, the maximum aerobic capacity test was performed. 48 hours after the last training session, the mice were sacrificed. Heart weight, weight of gastrocnemius and soleus muscle, heart mass index, ratio of weight of soleus muscle to body weight and ratio of weight of gastrocnemius muscle to body weight were measured in tumor-control and tumor-exercise groups. Data were analyzed by independent t-test at the significance level of P≥0.05. The results of the present study showed a significant increase in heart weight (P=0.005), spleen weight (P=0.029), weight of the gastrocnemius muscle (P=0.009) and soleus muscle (P=0.022) in the tumor-exercise group compared to the tumor-control group. Also, significant increase in the heart mass index (P=0.016) and the ratio of the weight of the gastrocnemius muscle to the body weight (P=0.005) and the ratio of the soleus muscle to the body weight (P=0.021) were observed in the tumor-exercise group compared to the tumor-control group. In conclusion,Endurance training seems to be a potential treatment method and strategy to improve the health of the skeletal muscle and cardiovascular system and reduce the process of muscle cachexia caused by breast cancer.
Reza Khazaei, Mansour Sahebozamani, Ehsanolla Habibi, Khosro Jalali Dehkordi, Nafise Pishgooie, Banafsheh Parvaresh,
Volume 22, Issue 28 (12-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aims:The necessity and importance of such research, especially among the young is quite tangible. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of 8 weeks of corrective selected exercise and combination kinesiotaping and tera band training on the kyphosis angle of adolescent boys with kyphosis. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, spinal deformity information of 36 boy students in gym of Esfahan city, 15-18year participated in this study. Then boy student’s participated in an 8-week corrective selected exercise and Combination of Kinesiotaping and Teraband، the end their deformity were evaluated again.For data analysis descriptive statistics ، T tests and SPSS Software was used.The angleof kyphosis in pre-test (48/8± 0/9) after using corrective selected exercise have had a significant reduction (46/9±0/8). Angle of kyphosis in pre-test (49. 1 ± 0.7) after using Combination of Kinesiotaping and Teraband have had a significant reduction (46/97±0/8). Conclusion:corrective exercises alone or in combination with new methods of training, the subjects had a positive impact on improving the kyphosis. But according to the results of this study, no significant difference was found between the corrective exercises with the combined method.
Maryam Kavyani, Hadi Babarahimi, Mahtab Amiri,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introudution and aim:This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ). Methods:To achieve this, 120 athletes with different skill levels in various fields completed the AFAQ, along with the Kinesiophobia Questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the Sports Injury Appraisal Scale. The AFAQ was confirmed by using the translation-back translation method, face validity, and translation accuracy. Construct validity, internal consistency, and temporal reliability were checked using Cronbach's alpha index, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that the one-factor model of the athletes' fear-avoidance questionnaire had a poor fit. Therefore, after conducting an exploratory factor analysis and identifying three factors in these questionnaires, the confirmatory factor analysis model also fitted the data well with this three-factor model. The CFI index was 0.96, the TLI index was 0.94, and the RMSE index was 0.05. The chi-square ratio to the degree of freedom (X2/DF) was 1.39. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was also confirmed.
Conclusion: Therefore, the Persian version of the AFAQ has three factors and includes ten questions and three catastrophic constructs (items 1, 5, 8), fear of movement (4, 6, 7), and fear-avoidance beliefs (items 2, 3, 9, 10). This was confirmed in the community of Iranian athletes
