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Maryam Ghorbani, Rasoul Yaali,
Volume 22, Issue 28 (12-2024)
Abstract
The purpose of this research was the effect of Pilates exercises on balance and proprioception in female students. 98 female students voluntarily participated in this study. Of these, 91 healthy students were placed in the experimental group and 7 students with sports exemption were placed in the control group. The position senses of ankle and knee joints was measured using the active reconstruction test of the ankle and knee angles and static balance was measured using the Sharpened Romberg test before and after 16 intervention sessions. The results of Wilcoxon test showed that in the experimental group, static balance increased significantly in the post-test compared to the pre-test. The position sense of dorsiflexion, plantarflexion of ankle joint and knee flexion position sense in the experimental group increased significantly in the post-test. Also, the results of the covariance test showed that there is a significant difference between the two groups in the post-test in the variables of static balance and position sense of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of ankle and position sense of knee flexion that according to the adjusted average, the experimental group performed better than the control group. The results showed that Pilates exercises are suitable for improving ankle and knee proprioception and improving postural control in teenagers and young adults.
Hamidreza Zanguie, Mohammad Yousefi, Abbas Farjadpezeshk, Khorshid Bijari,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Aim: Most studies have compared the single-leg landing task in terms of biomechanical characteristics, especially kinematics and kinetics of movement planes, and concluded that reliability for knee valgus angles and hip adduction is moderate to excellent. However, no studies have been conducted on the reliability of different types of single-leg landing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to review studies investigated the reliability of single-leg landing types to evaluate the biomechanics of the knee joint.
Methods: The relevant articles from valid databases with the keywords Single Leg Landing, Landing, Kinematic, Biomechanics, Return to Sport, Performance Test, Functional Test, Hop Test, Kinetic thematic search methods from 1995 to 2023 were examined.
Result: A total of 1022 articles were identified then duplicate studies were eliminated in the next stage, the titles and abstracts of the studies were reviewed and 439 studies were excluded due to inconsistency with the research question. Finally, only 9 articles that met the inclusion criteria were examined.
Conclusion: This study showed that different single-leg landing tasks for kinematic variables, including internal rotation, adduction, hip flexion, knee extension, knee valgus, trunk lateral flexion, and pelvic tilt have good reliability.
Behnam Moradi, Amir Letafatkar, Malihe Hadadnezhad, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Khalegi,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and aim: Fatigue of injury-prone athletes and their placement in situations such as performing shear maneuvers increases the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury. Therefore, this research aims to answer the question, does functional fatigue change the effect of neuromuscular training on kinetic variables during cutting in injury-prone male athletes?
Methodology: The current research is semi-experimental and was carried out in two control and experimental groups as a pre-test and post-test design with and without fatigue before and after neuromuscular exercises. 32 males student-athletes aged 18 to 25 with trunk control defects were purposefully selected and randomly placed in the control group (16 people) and the experimental group (16 people). The force plane was used to measure ground reaction forces. Analysis of variance test was used for statistical analysis at a level smaller than P<0.05.
Results: The results of the present study showed a significant improvement in ground reaction force variables in the post-test of the experimental group compared to the pre-test (P<0.05). While none of these variables had significant changes in the control group (P>0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that doing trunk and hip neuromuscular training in athletes with a trunk control defect leads to a significant improvement in the stability of the trunk control, so in the conditions with and without fatigue, they were able to show a significant improvement in the selected parameters of the ground reaction forces. Therefore, this training method can probably be recommended as a beneficial method for athletes and the mentioned conditions
Kia Ranjbar,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of the present study is to introduce and examine several genes that are related to people's sports performance and can be effective in their selection and selection in their favorite sports field. Various factors of physical fitness and training ability have been investigated along with the risk of sports injury and mental fitness of athletes.
Findings: The sports performance of people and the monitoring of sports exercises have been influenced by the vast genetic map and environmental interventions. In the present study, the performance of the aerobic system with the ACE gene and its different alleles, the strength and power performance of people with the ACTN3 gene, and the risk of injury of people with different genes such as COL1A1, COL5A1, Tenascin (TNC), apolipoprotein E and blood groups were investigated. It is a prediction; also, the trainability and mental preparation of people in the talent search process can be predicted and possibly measured by genetic knowledge. On the other hand, using the knowledge of genetics and genetic profiles of athletes can be useful for detecting genetic and cellular doping and help organizations that work in the prevention of doping, such as WADA.
Conclusion: The combination of genetic knowledge and environmental interventions play an effective role not only in discussing an athlete's talent, but also in monitoring and improving their performance. While genetics can play a significant role, the prediction of sports success based on genetic knowledge has been limited to a specific set of genes. However, developing this knowledge and identifying more genes that can aid in talent identification and exercise monitoring requires further research.
Sajad Karami, Hamid Rajabi, Fereshteh Shahidi, Fereshteh Golab,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and purpose: Age-related changes in the expression of angiogenesis-stimulating and inhibitory genes are characteristics of aging and endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic exercise can stop or reduce this disorder. Considering the importance of resistance training in the rehabilitation of the elderly, the aim of this study was to investigate the compatibility of the response of the stimulating and inhibiting factors of angiogenesis after resistance exercise intervention in the elderly. Methodology: 24 elderly men with an average age of 67.75 years were selected in an accessible and purposeful manner. Blood samples were taken before and after a resistance activity session before and after 8 weeks of resistance training. Real Time PCR method was used to express HIF-1, VEGF, SDF-1 and VEGI genes in blood tissue. The difference in the values of the variables was evaluated by the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurement of mixed design at the level of P≤0.05 using SPSS software version 25. Findings: HIF-1, VEGF and SDF-1 gene expression levels of the training group increased in the stages of the primary post-test (after one session), secondary pre-test and secondary post-test (after 8 weeks of training) and VEGI had no gene expression. Discussion and conclusion: It can be cautiously said that although one session of resistance training leads to gene expression of angiogenesis factors, long-term resistance training with sufficient intensity and volume can It activates the rate of angiogenesis in a much wider range and should be considered as a supplement to aerobic exercises in old age.
Salar Hariri, Heydar Sadeghi, Amir Ghiamirad, Saeed Nikookheslat,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Background and Objective: Since identifying the best way of performing the Judan Mai-Mawashi-Geri technique is one of the concerns of coaches and karatekas, the aim of this study was to compare the selected kinematic variables of four methods of implementing the Judan Mai-Mawashi-Geri technique by elite male karatekas.
Methodology: Eighteen elite male kumite practitioners voluntarily and purposefully participated in this study. Nine markers were attached to the anatomical points of the hitting foot and the four methods of implementing the Judan Mai-Mawashi-Geri technique were filmed by three Hero3 cameras at an imaging speed of 240 Hz. Using SkillSpector software (version: 1.3.2), the resultant of the peak velocity of the lower limb joints, total distance, total velocity, and total acceleration was directly obtained. The one-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post-hoc test (p≤0.05) were used with SPSS software (version: 22) for statistical analysis due to the normality of data distribution.
Results: The results showed a significant difference in the four methods of performing the Judan Mai-Mawashi-Geri technique in the peak velocity of the pelvic, knee, and ankle joints as well as total distance, total velocity, and total acceleration.
Conclusion: According to the results، the first method of execution، which starts in the first phase with 90 degree hip flexion (knee lift)، due to high speed and the possibility of scoring in the shortest appropriate time interval، against other tactics, Due to the closure of the opponent's attack route، Dai and Deashi can be recommended as a more efficient technique to the Athlete of the Kumite.
Mohamadjavad Razi, Hasan Modares, Zahra Shakeri Hosinabad,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and virtual learning may adversely affect students' musculoskeletal health and physical activity levels. This study aimed to investigate the impact of online education and prolonged sitting on musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and physical activity among university students.
Methods: In this descriptive study, 440 male and female students from Farhangian University, Yazd Branch, were selected as the sample. Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and Beck Physical Activity Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using McNemar, Mann-Whitney U, and Spearman’s correlation tests at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The prevalence of MSDs during the pandemic showed a significant increase compared to the pre-pandemic period (p<0.05). A significant correlation was observed between reduced physical activity and increased MSDs (p<0.05). Students who did not follow proper sitting postures had significant disorders in the neck (p<0.0001), shoulder (p=0.006), wrist (p=0.002), lower back (p=0.001), hip (p=0.01), and knee (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that quarantine conditions and virtual learning may exacerbate musculoskeletal problems and sedentary behavior among students. Promoting ergonomic practices and physical activity during pandemics is crucial.
Marzieh Sekonji, Hasan Sadeghi, Neda Boroushak, Mohd Sofian Omar Fauzee,
Volume 23, Issue 29 (7-2025)
Abstract
Introduction and Method: Flexible flat foot, or pes planus, is a common lower extremity abnormality characterized by a flatter medial longitudinal arch, causing the foot's sole to come into near or complete contact with the ground. This study investigated the effects of six weeks of localized and comprehensive corrective exercises on proprioception, balance, and navicular drop in female participants aged 10 to 18 with this deformity. Methodology: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test and post-test design with 51 females diagnosed with flexible flat foot. Participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (local and comprehensive) and one control group. A navicular drop test was conducted to assess foot posture. The experimental groups engaged in corrective exercises for six weeks (three sessions per week for 30 minutes), while the control group maintained their usual activities. Pre- and post-intervention assessments of ankle proprioception, balance, and navicular drop were conducted using a goniometer, the Sharpened Romberg test, and the Brody test. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 26, involving covariance analysis for between-group differences and paired sample tests for within-group changes.
Findings: The results indicated that the experimental groups showed significant improvements in proprioception, navicular drop, and balance after the interventions (P=0.000), whereas the control group exhibited no significant changes (P>0.05). Additionally, the experimental groups outperformed the control group in the post-test assessments.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that a six-week program of corrective exercises effectively enhances proprioception, balance, and movement performance in girls aged 10 to 18 with flexible flat foot.
