Khadijeh Molaei, Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani, Ali Gorzi, Yaser Kazemzadeh, Abdolali Banaeifar,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (11-2019)
Abstract
Testosterone enanthate increases muscle growth and athletic performance but is associated with oxidative stress and tissue damage. This study aimed to investigate the effect of propolis on oxidative stress markers induced by testosterone enanthate in the kidney tissue of female Wistar rats undergoing resistance training. Twenty-two 8-week-old female rats, weighing 208.22±14.17 g, were randomly divided into three groups: 1) resistance training + placebo (n=6), 2) resistance training + testosterone enanthate (n=8), 3) resistance training + testosterone enanthate + propolis (n=8). The rats underwent an 8-week resistance training protocol involving ladder climbing (five days per week). Testosterone enanthate was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight per injection, and propolis was administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight by gavage (each three times a week). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissue were measured by spectrophotometry. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. The results showed that testosterone enanthate significantly decreased GPX and SOD levels and increased MDA levels. Propolis consumption led to a relative reduction in these oxidative stress markers, demonstrating its potential antioxidant effects.
S Nezami, M.a Samavati Sharif, A Chezani Sharahi,
Volume 15, Issue 13 (9-2017)
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was the effect of 8-week high intensity resistance training (the Split training method), on Testosterone, Cortisol and Testosterone/Cortisol serum level and its influence on muscle mass and development of muscle strength. 20 persons beginner in bodybuilding (body mass index: 23.80±2.25 kg/m2; age: 24.65±2.55 year) participated in this study. The subjects divided randomly into strength training (10 persons) and control groups (10 persons). Training program was designed according to the Split method with 85%-100% of 1RM for six times per weeks. The same strength and duration was applied for the control group based on the traditional training. Before and after training the thickness of Triceps muscle was measured with ultrasound in both groups. Resting blood samples were collected before and after training. The results showed, compared with traditional training, training with Split method increased muscle strength (p=0.01), muscle mass (p=0.001) and the Testosterone to Cortisol (T/C) ratio (p=0.02). Moreover, there were significant correlation between the maximum strength and hypertrophy(r=0/55, p=0/001) and between (T/C) and maximum strength (r=0/74, p=0/03). The results of this study shows that resistance training with high intensity (the Split Training Method) causes increase in anabolic stimulation and muscle mass which subsequently increases maximum strength.
