fa تاثیر حاد توانمند سازی پس فعالی بر ویژگی های کینماتیکی اندام تحتانی حین ضربه سر بازیکنان فوتبال بیومکانیک ورزشی sport biomechanic پژوهشي Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" titr="">مقدمه و هدف:</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">یکی از راهکارهایی که ورزشکاران برای افزایش موقت نیرو و توان عضلانی می&shy;توانند استفاده کنند، توانمندسازی پس&shy;فعالی (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">) در طول گرم&shy; کردن است. </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">به هر حال اثر این پدیده بر کینماتیک حرکات ویژه مشخص نشده است.</span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">لذا، هدف از این مطالعه، تاثیر حاد </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> در طول گرم&shy;کردن بر ویژگی&shy;های کینماتیکی اندام تحتانی حین ضربه سر بازیکنان فوتبال می&shy;باشد.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" titr="">روش&shy;شناسی:</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">نمونه آماری این تحقیق شامل 24 بازیکن <span style="background:yellow">نیمه حرفه &shy;ای</span> فوتبال در رده سنی جوانان <span style="background:yellow">با میانگین سن11/1</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">67/18 سال، قد12/7</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">32/182 سانتی متر، جرم46/7</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> 17/74 کیلوگرم بودند</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> که چهار روش مختلف گرم&shy;کردن </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تیک&shy;آف، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">فرود،</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ترکیبی و گرم&shy;کردن عمومی، که برگرفته از مراحل ضربه سر فوتبال بود، اجرا کردند. سرعت&shy;های زاویه&shy;ای زانو و ران در طول مرحله تیک&shy;آف و حداکثر فلکشن زانو و مدت زمان مکث روی مفصل زانو در مرحله فرود با </span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">دستگاه آنالیز حرکتی سه بعدی</span></span>&nbsp; <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">(</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">vicon peak ltd</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> ,oxford ,UK vicon</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">)</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">با چهار دوربین </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt">T20</span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> و با فرکانس 1000 هرتز</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ثبت شد. <span style="background:yellow">در نهایت از آزمون آنالیز واریانس با اندازه گیری مکرر و آزمون تعقیبی بون فرونی در سطح معنی داری </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span arial="" style="font-family:">P<0.05</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="background:yellow"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:"> استفاده شد.</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" titr="">یافته&shy;ها:</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">افزایش معنی داری در سرعت زاویه&shy;ای زانو و ران بعد از </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ترکیبی و سپس </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تیک&shy;آف با دیگر برنامه&shy;های گرم&shy;کردن وجود داشت. همچنین، <span style="background:yellow">افزایش معنی&shy; دار</span> در زاویه فلکشن زانو بعد از </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">فرود در مقایسه با دیگر برنامه&shy;های گرم&shy;کردن وجود داشت. بعلاوه، افزایش معنی&shy;داری در مدت زمان مکث بر روی مفصل زانو بعد از گرم&shy;کردن عمومی در مقایسه با دیگر برنامه&shy;های گرم&shy;کردن وجود داشت.</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" style="font-family:" titr="">بحث و نتیجه&shy;گیری:</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&shy;</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">تیک&shy;آف موجب بهبود عملکرد پرش و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">فرود موجب بهبود عملکرد فرود می&shy;شود. ترکیب این دو روش، </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">PAP</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span b="" lotus="" style="font-family:">ترکیبی، نتیجه بهتری را در کل به دنبال خواهد داشت.</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Introduction and Objective:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> One of the strategies that athletes can use to temporarily increase strength and muscle power is post-activation potentiation (PAP) during warm-up. <span style="background:yellow">However, the effect of this phenomenon on kinematics of special movement has not been determined.</span> Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the acute effect of PAP during warm-up on lower extremity kinematic characteristics during heading in soccer players.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Methodology:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> The study sample consisted of 24 <span style="background:yellow">semi-professional</span> youth soccer players <span style="background:yellow">with an average age of 18.67&plusmn;1.11 years, height 182.32&plusmn;7.12 cm, mass 74.17&plusmn;7.46 kg</span>. who performed four different warm-up methods, including PAP-take-off, PAP-landing, combined-PAP, and general warm-up, derived from the stages of soccer heading. Knee and hip angular velocities during the take-off phase, maximum knee flexion angle, and duration of knee joint pause during the landing phase were recorded using </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">a three-dimensional motion analysis device (vicon peak ltd, oxford, vicon UK) with four T20 cameras with a frequency of 1000 Hz</span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">. <span style="background:yellow">Finally, analysis of variance with repeated measurements and post hoc Bonferroni test were used at a significance level of P<0.05.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Results:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> There was a significant increase in knee and hip angular velocities following combined-PAP and then PAP-take-off compared to other warm-up programs. Moreover, there was a <span style="background:yellow">significant increase</span> in knee flexion angle after PAP-landing compared to other warm-up programs. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the duration of knee joint pause after general warm-up compared to other warm-up programs.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:">Discussion and Conclusion:</span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span arial="" style="font-family:"> PAP-take-off improves jumping performance, while PAP-landing improves landing performance. The combination of these two methods, i.e., combined-PAP, will yield better results overall.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <br> &nbsp; توانمند سازی پس فعالی, کینماتیک, ضربه سر, فرود, فوتبال. Post-activation Potentiation, Kinematics, Head Impact, Landing, Soccer 0 0 http://jsmt.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1023-4&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 علی نعمتی alinematiii8@gmail.com 10031947532846004501 10031947532846004501 No دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان محمدتقی امیری خراسانی amirikhorasani@uk.ac.ir 10031947532846004502 10031947532846004502 Yes دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان محمدرضا امیرسیف الدینی reza46n@yahoo.com 10031947532846004503 10031947532846004503 No دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان