1. Afkhami Ardakani, M., Shirband, A., Golzadeh, J., As-adi Samani, M., Latifi, E., Kheylapour, M. and Ja-fari, N. 2013. The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), thyroid ho-rmones (T3 and T4) and TSH in rats. – J. Shahrekord Univ. Med. Sci. 14: 82-88.
2. Ankamwar, B., Lai, T.C., Huang, J.H., Liu, R.S., Hsiao, M. and Chen, C.H. 2010. Biocompatibility of Fe3O4 nanoparticles evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity assa-ys using normal, glia and breast cancer cells. – Nano-tech. 21: 75-102.
3. Arbab, A., Lindsey, A., Bashaw, B., Bradley, R., Miller, B.S. and Elaine, K. 2003. Characterization of biophy-sical and metabolic properties of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and tran-sfection agent for cellular MR imaging – Radiology 229: 838-846.
4. Auffan, M., Rose, J., Wiesner, M.R. and Bottero, J.Y. 2009. Chemical stability of metallic nanoparticles: a parameter controlling their potential cellular toxicity in vitro. – Environ. Pollut. 157: 1127–1133.
5. Ay, J. and Soleimani Rad, J. 2008. Histopathologic effects of 120 volt electromagnetic fields and protect-tive effect of epinephrine on spermatogenesis in adult rats. – Sci. Med. J. Ahwaz Jundishapur Univ. Med. Sci .7: 1-9.
6. Badkoobeh, P., Parivar, K., Kal antar, S.M., Salabat, A. and Hosseini, S.D. 2013. Protective effect of nano-zinc oxide on reproductive system and fertility of ad-ult male Wistar rats following doxorubicin treatment. – Arak Med. Uni. J. 70: 1-9.
7. Bentley, G.E., Ubuka, T.and McGuire, NL. 2008. Gona-dotropin-inhibitory hormone and its receptor in the avian reproductive system. – J. Gen. Comp. Endocr-inol. 156: 34-43.
8. Bing, W., Weiyue, F., Meng, W., Tiancheng, W., Yiqun, G., Motao, Z., Hong, O., Junwen, S., Fang, Z., Yuliang, Z., Zhifang, C., Haifang, W. and Jing, W. 2008. Acute toxicological impact of nano- and subm-icro-scaled zinc oxide powder on healthy adult mice. – J. Nanopart. Res. 10:263–276.
9. Boldet, D. 1999. New perspectives on iron: an introd-uction. – Am. J. Med. Sci. 318: 207- 212.
10. Braydich-stolle, L., Hussain, S., Schlager, J. and Hofmann, M. 2005. In vitro cytotoxity of nanopar-ticles in mammalian germ line stem celles. – J. Toxi-col. Sci. 88: 412-419.
11. Fatahian Dehkordi, R.A., Heidarnejad, S. and Ameri, A. 2015. ZnO nanoparticles effects on male rat gonad histology and its effect on blood serum sex factors. – J. Cell and Tissue. 6: 187-194.
12. Hentze, M.W. and Muckenthaler, M.V. 2004. Balancing acts molecular control of mammalian iron metabo-lism. – Cell 117: 285-97.
13. Junquiera, L. 2010. Basic histology. – Khosravi Publ-ication, Tehran, 478 pp.
14. Lan, Z. and Yang, W.X. 2012. Nanoparticles and sper-matogenesis: how do nanoparticles affect spermato-genesis and penetrate the blood-testis barrier. – J. Nanomed. 7: 579-596.
15. Mahmoudi, M., Sant, S., Wang, B. and Laurent, S. 2011. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO-Ns): development, surface modification and applicat-ions in chemotherapy. – Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 63:24-46
16. Mahmoudi, M., Simchi, A. and Imani, M. 2010. A new approach for the in vitro identification of the cytoto-cxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparti-cles. – J. Colloids Surf. B. 75: 300-309.
17. Mohamed, M., Seweidy, E., Mervat, A., Sousou, A. and Hebatallah, A. 2010. Effect of prolonged intake of iron enriched diet on testicular functions of experime-ntal rats. – Nat. Sci. 2: 551-556.
18. Moslemi, N., Najafzadeh, H., Koochak, M. and Shahriary, A. 2013. Evaluation of lipid profile and oxidative stress indices in serum and liver of rat after iron oxide nanoparticle administration. – J. Kashan Uni. Med. Sci. 17:247-254.
19. Mozafari, Z., Parivar, K., Hayati Roodbari, N. and Ir-ani, Sh. 2016. Histopathology of epididymis in adult NMRI male rats treated with zinc oxide nanoparti-cles. – J. Med. Sci. Islamic Azad University 26: 142-148.
20. Naghavi, S., Samim, M., Abdin, M.Z., Ahmed, F.J., Maitra, A.N., Prashant, C.K. and Dinda, A.K. 2010. Concentration-dependent toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles mediated by increased oxidative stress. – Int. J. Nanomed. 5: 983-989.
21. Najafzade, H., Razijalali, M., Morovvati, H. and Taravati, F. 2010.Comparison prophylactic effect of silymarin and deferoxamine on iron overloadinduced heaptotoxicity in rat. – J. Med Toxicol. 6: 22-6.
22. Nasri, S., Rezai-Zarchi, S., Kerishchi, P. and Sadeghi, S. 2015. The effect of iron oxide nanopaticles on sperm numbers and mobility in male mice. – Zahedan. J. Res. Med. Sci. 17: e2185.
23. Noori, A., Parivar, K., Modaresi, M., Messripour, M., Yousefi, M. and Amiri, H. 2011. Effect of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on pregnancy and testicular developpment of mice. – Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10: 1221-1227.
24. Ping, M., Qing, L., Jiao, C., Juan, D., Shumao, D., Zhuge, X. and Xu, Y. 2012. Intraperitoneal injection of magnetic Fe₃O₄-nanoparticle induces hepatic and renal tissue injury via oxidative stress in mice. – Int. J. Nanomed. 7: 4809-4818.
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26. Singh, N., Jenkins, G.J.S., Asadi, R. and Doak, S.H. 2010. Potential toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). – J. Nano Rev. 1: 1-15.
27. Talebi, A.R., Khorsandi, L. and Moridian, M. 2013. The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse sperma-togenesis. – J. Assit. Reprod. Gen. 30: 1203-1209.
28. Taylor, U., Barchanski, A. and Garrels, W. 2012. Toxicity of gold nanoparticles on somatic and reprod-ucetive cells. – Med. Biol. 733: 125-133.
29. Tetley, T.D. 2007. Health effects of nanomaterials. – Biochem. Soc. J. 35: 527-531.
30. Teske, S.S., Detweiler, J. and Corrella, S. 2015. The Biomechanisms of metal and metal-oxide nanoparti-cles’ interactions with cells. – Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health. 12: 1112–1134.
31. Thorek, D., Chen, A., Czupryna, J. and Tsourkas, A. 2006. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging. – Health 34: 23-38.
32. Valko, M., Leibfritz, D., Moncol, J., Cronin, M., Mazur, M. and Telser, J. 2007. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. – Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39: 44-84.
33. Valko, M., Rhodes, C.J., Moncol, J., Izakovic, M. and Mazur, M. 2006. Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. – Chem. Biol. Interact. 160: 1-40.
34. Vargas-Arigony, A.L., Marqes-de-oliveira, I., Machado, M., Lilian-Bordin, D., Bergter, L., Pra, D. and Attonio-Pegas-Henriqes, J. 2013. The influence of micronutrients in cell culture: a reflection on viability and genomic stability. – Biomed. Res. Int. 2013: Article ID 597282, 22 pages.
35. Yamashita, K. and Yoshioka, Y. 2012. Safety assessment of nanomaterials in reproductive developmental filed. – J. Yakugaku Zasshi. 132: 331-335.
36. Yousefi Babadi, V., Najafi, L., Najafi, A., Gholami, H., BeigiZarji, M.E. and Golzadeh, J. 2012. Evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles effects on tissue and enzymes of liver in rats. – J. Pharma. Biomed. Sci. 23: 1-5.
37. Zanetti, S.R., Maldonado, E.N. and Aveldano M.I. 2007. Doxorubicin affects testicular lipids with long-chain (C18-C22) and very long-chain (C24-C32) polyunsa-turated fatty acids. – Cancer Res. 67: 6973-6980.
39. Afkhami Ardakani, M., Shirband, A., Golzadeh, J., As-adi Samani, M., Latifi, E., Kheylapour, M. and Ja-fari, N. 2013. The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on liver enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), thyroid ho-rmones (T3 and T4) and TSH in rats. – J. Shahrekord Univ. Med. Sci. 14: 82-88.
40. Ankamwar, B., Lai, T.C., Huang, J.H., Liu, R.S., Hsiao, M. and Chen, C.H. 2010. Biocompatibility of Fe3O4 nanoparticles evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity assa-ys using normal, glia and breast cancer cells. – Nano-tech. 21: 75-102.
41. Arbab, A., Lindsey, A., Bashaw, B., Bradley, R., Miller, B.S. and Elaine, K. 2003. Characterization of biophy-sical and metabolic properties of cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and tran-sfection agent for cellular MR imaging – Radiology 229: 838-846.
42. Auffan, M., Rose, J., Wiesner, M.R. and Bottero, J.Y. 2009. Chemical stability of metallic nanoparticles: a parameter controlling their potential cellular toxicity in vitro. – Environ. Pollut. 157: 1127–1133. [
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43. Ay, J. and Soleimani Rad, J. 2008. Histopathologic effects of 120 volt electromagnetic fields and protect-tive effect of epinephrine on spermatogenesis in adult rats. – Sci. Med. J. Ahwaz Jundishapur Univ. Med. Sci .7: 1-9.
44. Badkoobeh, P., Parivar, K., Kal antar, S.M., Salabat, A. and Hosseini, S.D. 2013. Protective effect of nano-zinc oxide on reproductive system and fertility of ad-ult male Wistar rats following doxorubicin treatment. – Arak Med. Uni. J. 70: 1-9.
45. Bentley, G.E., Ubuka, T.and McGuire, NL. 2008. Gona-dotropin-inhibitory hormone and its receptor in the avian reproductive system. – J. Gen. Comp. Endocr-inol. 156: 34-43. [
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46. Bing, W., Weiyue, F., Meng, W., Tiancheng, W., Yiqun, G., Motao, Z., Hong, O., Junwen, S., Fang, Z., Yuliang, Z., Zhifang, C., Haifang, W. and Jing, W. 2008. Acute toxicological impact of nano- and subm-icro-scaled zinc oxide powder on healthy adult mice. – J. Nanopart. Res. 10:263–276. [
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47. Boldet, D. 1999. New perspectives on iron: an introd-uction. – Am. J. Med. Sci. 318: 207- 212. [
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48. Braydich-stolle, L., Hussain, S., Schlager, J. and Hofmann, M. 2005. In vitro cytotoxity of nanopar-ticles in mammalian germ line stem celles. – J. Toxi-col. Sci. 88: 412-419. [
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49. Fatahian Dehkordi, R.A., Heidarnejad, S. and Ameri, A. 2015. ZnO nanoparticles effects on male rat gonad histology and its effect on blood serum sex factors. – J. Cell and Tissue. 6: 187-194.
50. Hentze, M.W. and Muckenthaler, M.V. 2004. Balancing acts molecular control of mammalian iron metabo-lism. – Cell 117: 285-97. [
DOI:10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00343-5]
51. Junquiera, L. 2010. Basic histology. – Khosravi Publ-ication, Tehran, 478 pp.
52. Lan, Z. and Yang, W.X. 2012. Nanoparticles and sper-matogenesis: how do nanoparticles affect spermato-genesis and penetrate the blood-testis barrier. – J. Nanomed. 7: 579-596. [
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53. Mahmoudi, M., Sant, S., Wang, B. and Laurent, S. 2011. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO-Ns): development, surface modification and applicat-ions in chemotherapy. – Adv. Drug Del. Rev. 63:24-46 [
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54. Mahmoudi, M., Simchi, A. and Imani, M. 2010. A new approach for the in vitro identification of the cytoto-cxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparti-cles. – J. Colloids Surf. B. 75: 300-309. [
DOI:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.08.044]
55. Mohamed, M., Seweidy, E., Mervat, A., Sousou, A. and Hebatallah, A. 2010. Effect of prolonged intake of iron enriched diet on testicular functions of experime-ntal rats. – Nat. Sci. 2: 551-556.
56. Moslemi, N., Najafzadeh, H., Koochak, M. and Shahriary, A. 2013. Evaluation of lipid profile and oxidative stress indices in serum and liver of rat after iron oxide nanoparticle administration. – J. Kashan Uni. Med. Sci. 17:247-254.
57. Mozafari, Z., Parivar, K., Hayati Roodbari, N. and Ir-ani, Sh. 2016. Histopathology of epididymis in adult NMRI male rats treated with zinc oxide nanoparti-cles. – J. Med. Sci. Islamic Azad University 26: 142-148.
58. Naghavi, S., Samim, M., Abdin, M.Z., Ahmed, F.J., Maitra, A.N., Prashant, C.K. and Dinda, A.K. 2010. Concentration-dependent toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles mediated by increased oxidative stress. – Int. J. Nanomed. 5: 983-989.
59. Najafzade, H., Razijalali, M., Morovvati, H. and Taravati, F. 2010.Comparison prophylactic effect of silymarin and deferoxamine on iron overloadinduced heaptotoxicity in rat. – J. Med Toxicol. 6: 22-6. [
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60. Nasri, S., Rezai-Zarchi, S., Kerishchi, P. and Sadeghi, S. 2015. The effect of iron oxide nanopaticles on sperm numbers and mobility in male mice. – Zahedan. J. Res. Med. Sci. 17: e2185.
61. Noori, A., Parivar, K., Modaresi, M., Messripour, M., Yousefi, M. and Amiri, H. 2011. Effect of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on pregnancy and testicular developpment of mice. – Afr. J. Biotechnol. 10: 1221-1227.
62. Seyedalipour, B., Barimani, N., Dehpour Jooybari, A., Hoseini, S.M. and Oshrieh, M. 2015. Histopath-ological evaluation of kidney and heart tissues after exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles in Mus mu-sculus. – J. Babol Uni. Med. Sci. 17: 44-50
63. Singh, N., Jenkins, G.J.S., Asadi, R. and Doak, S.H. 2010. Potential toxicity of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION). – J. Nano Rev. 1: 1-15. [
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64. Talebi, A.R., Khorsandi, L. and Moridian, M. 2013. The effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on mouse sperma-togenesis. – J. Assit. Reprod. Gen. 30: 1203-1209. [
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65. Taylor, U., Barchanski, A. and Garrels, W. 2012. Toxicity of gold nanoparticles on somatic and reprod-ucetive cells. – Med. Biol. 733: 125-133.
66. Tetley, T.D. 2007. Health effects of nanomaterials. – Biochem. Soc. J. 35: 527-531. [
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67. Teske, S.S., Detweiler, J. and Corrella, S. 2015. The Biomechanisms of metal and metal-oxide nanoparti-cles\' interactions with cells. – Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health. 12: 1112–1134. [
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69. Valko, M., Leibfritz, D., Moncol, J., Cronin, M., Mazur, M. and Telser, J. 2007. Free radicals and antioxidants in normal physiological functions and human disease. – Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 39: 44-84. [
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70. Valko, M., Rhodes, C.J., Moncol, J., Izakovic, M. and Mazur, M. 2006. Free radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer. – Chem. Biol. Interact. 160: 1-40. [
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71. Vargas-Arigony, A.L., Marqes-de-oliveira, I., Machado, M., Lilian-Bordin, D., Bergter, L., Pra, D. and Attonio-Pegas-Henriqes, J. 2013. The influence of micronutrients in cell culture: a reflection on viability and genomic stability. – Biomed. Res. Int. 2013: Article ID 597282, 22 pages.
72. Yamashita, K. and Yoshioka, Y. 2012. Safety assessment of nanomaterials in reproductive developmental filed. – J. Yakugaku Zasshi. 132: 331-335. [
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73. Yousefi Babadi, V., Najafi, L., Najafi, A., Gholami, H., BeigiZarji, M.E. and Golzadeh, J. 2012. Evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles effects on tissue and enzymes of liver in rats. – J. Pharma. Biomed. Sci. 23: 1-5.
74. Zanetti, S.R., Maldonado, E.N. and Aveldano M.I. 2007. Doxorubicin affects testicular lipids with long-chain (C18-C22) and very long-chain (C24-C32) polyunsa-turated fatty acids. – Cancer Res. 67: 6973-6980. [
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