Volume 8, Issue 3 (10-2021)                   nbr 2021, 8(3): 206-219 | Back to browse issues page

XML Persian Abstract Print

Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Forghani A, Forghani A H, Altafi M, Hashemi Majd K, Sofalian O. The effects of different sources of potassium and calcium on yield and ionic balance of tomatoes under salinity stress in hydroponic cultivation. nbr 2021; 8 (3) :206-219
URL: http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3457-en.html
The effects of different sources of potassium and calcium on yield and ionic balance of tomatoes under salinity stress in hydroponic cultivation
Akbar Forghani , Amir Hossein Forghani * , Maryam Altafi , Kazem Hashemi Majd , Omid Sofalian
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, P.O. BOX 19395-3697 Tehran, Iran , amirforghani@gmail.com
Abstract:   (2979 Views)
Most of agricultural lands in Iran are located in arid and semi-arid regions and are considered as saline soils. In order to investigate the interaction of salinity as well as potassium and calcium on the growth and yield of tomato plants, a factorial experiment was perfected in the form of randomized complete blocks, in hydroponic conditions, with three replicates per treatment. Experimental factors include salinity at three levels (0, 20, and 40 mM NaCl), potassium content form chloride, nitrate (0 and 15 mM), and calcium from chloride, and nitrate (with 0 and 10 mM (. The studied growth factors, including plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, flowers and fruits and leaf chlorophyll decreased with increase NaCl. Treatment plants with Ca (NO3)2 at 40 mM NaCl, increased the shoot and root dry weight by 55% and 95%, respectively. In addition, application of Ca (NO3)2 in the medium with maximum salinity concentration resulted in an increase of 75% in chlorophyll content. The analysis of data showed that the increase of salinity was accompanied with increase sodium content level of tomato plants. However, the root potassium was observed to decrease. On the contrast to the root, potassium content showed no change in the organs from the root upwards. Also, the use of Ca (NO3)2 with 40 mM NaCl reduced Na+ content by 23% compared with plants treated only with 40 mM NaCl. According to the results, it seems that application of Ca (NO3)2 may improve chlorophyll content, dry weight, and modulate ion hemostasis and decreased the negative of salt stress in tomato plants.
Keywords: chlorophyll, flowering, fruit, growth, sodium
Full-Text [PDF 314 kb]   (948 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Original Article | Subject: Plant Biology
Received: 2021/03/28 | Revised: 2021/10/19 | Accepted: 2021/06/27 | Published: 2021/10/19 | ePublished: 2021/10/19
References
1. Abogadallah, G.M. 2010. Antioxidative defense under salt stress. Plant Signaling and Behavior 5: 369-374. [DOI:10.4161/psb.5.4.10873]
2. Ahmad, P., Azooz, M. & Prasad, M. N. V. 2013. Salt stress in plants: signalling, omics and adaptations: Springer Science & Business Media, 495 pp. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-6108-1]
3. Akbari, G.A., Foughi, B., Adim, H., Mokhtasi Bid Goli, A., Rahimian Mashhadi, H.R. & Zand, E. 2006. Investigation of morphophysiological aspects wheat cultivars on their yield augmentation released during past 50 years. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 13: 58-66
4. Akram, M.S., Ashraf, M. & Akram, N.A. 2009. Effectiveness of potassium sulfate in mitigating salt-induced adverse effects on different physio-biochemical attributes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Flora-Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 204: 471-483. [DOI:10.1016/j.flora.2008.05.008]
5. Cuartero, J., Bolarin, M., Asins, M. & Moreno, V. 2006. Increasing salt tolerance in the tomato. Journal of Experimental Botany 57: 1045-1058. [DOI:10.1093/jxb/erj102]
6. Fatemi, M., Hashemimajd, K., Esmaeili, G. & Khosgoftarmanesh, A. 2010. The effect of adding potassium, calcium and silicon to the nutrient solution on tomato resistance to salinity in hydroponic culture. (M.Sc. dissertation.), University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 90 pp.
7. Forghani, A.H., Almodares, A. & Ehsanpour, A.A. 2018. Potential objectives for gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol under salt stress in sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench cv. sofra). Applied Biological Chemistry 61: 113-124. [DOI:10.1007/s13765-017-0329-1]
8. Forghani, A.H., Almodares, A. & Ehsanpour, A. A. 2020. The role of gibberellic acid and paclobutrazol on oxidative stress responses induced by In vitro salt stress in sweet sorghum. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 67: 555-563. [DOI:10.1134/S1021443720030073]
9. Ghahremaninejad, F., Hoseini, E. & Fereidounfar, S. 2021. Cities in drylands as artificial protected areas for plants. Biodiversity and Conservation 30: 243-248. [DOI:10.1007/s10531-020-02079-2]
10. Gong, Z., Xiong, L., Shi, H., Yang, S., Herrera-Estrella, L.R., Xu, G. & Qin, F. 2020. Plant abiotic stress response and nutrient use efficiency. Science China Life Sciences 63: 635-674. [DOI:10.1007/s11427-020-1683-x]
11. Gorgi, M., Zahedi, M. & Khoshgoftarmanesh, A.H. 2010. The effects of potassium and calcium on the response of safflower to salinity in hydroponic nutrient solution. Water and Soil Science 14: 1-7.
12. Hasanuzzaman, M., Fujita, M., Oku, H., Nahar, K. & Hawrylak-Nowak, B. 2018. Plant nutrients and abiotic stress tolerance: Springer, Singapore, 590 pp. [DOI:10.1007/978-981-10-9044-8]
13. Heidarpour, S., Abbaspour, N., Mohammadkhani, N. & Mosavi pornaki, S. 2021. The effect of salt stress on ion accumulation, photosynthesis and compatible solute contents in four grapevine (Vitis vinifera) genotypes. Nova Biologica Reperta 7: 400-410.
14. Hochmuth, G.J. & Hochmuth, R.C. 2001. Nutrient solution formulation for hydroponic (perlite, rockwool, NFT) tomatoes in Florida. HS796. Univ. Fla. Coop. Ext. Serv., Gainesville, Pp: 1-10.
15. Jenkins, J.A. 1948. The origin of the cultivated tomato. Economic Botany 2: 379-392. [DOI:10.1007/BF02859492]
16. Jones, J.B. 2001. Laboratory guide for conducting soil tests and plant analysis: CRC press, 384 pp. [DOI:10.1201/9781420025293]
17. Kafi, M., Nabati, J., Zare Mehrjerdi, M., Goldani, M., Khaninejad, S., Keshmiri, E. & Norooziyan, A. 2013. Effect of calcium and potassium on amelioration of negative effects of salinity on some physiological characteristics Kochia (Kochia scoparia). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences 5: 181-192.
18. Karimi, H., Abdolzadeh, A. & Sadeghipour, H.R. 2008. Effects of potassium nutrition on sesbania aculeate plants grown in greenhouse under salinity. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 6: 158-170
19. Kaya, C., Kirnak, H. & Higgs, D. 2001. Effects of supplementary potassium and phosphorus on physiological development and mineral nutrition of cucumber and pepper cultivars grown at high salinity (NaCl). Journal of Plant Nutrition 24: 1457-1471. [DOI:10.1081/PLN-100106995]
20. Kaya, C., Kirnak, H., Higgs, D. & Saltali, K. 2002. Supplementary calcium enhances plant growth and fruit yield in strawberry cultivars grown at high (NaCl) salinity. Scientia Horticulturae 93: 65-74. [DOI:10.1016/S0304-4238(01)00313-2]
21. Kaya, C., Tuna, A.L. & Yokaş, I. 2009. The role of plant hormones in plants under salinity stress. In M. Ashraf, M. Ozturk & H. R. Athar (Eds.), Salinity and Water Stress: Improving Crop Efficiency. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands. Pp: 45-50 [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4020-9065-3_5]
22. Khayyat, M., Tafazoli, E., Eshghi, S., Rahemi, M. & Rajaee, S. 2007. Salinity, supplementary calcium and potassium effects on fruit yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2: 539-544.
23. Mazloomi, F., Ronaghi, A. & Karimian, N. 2011. Influence of salinity and supplementary calcium on vegetative growth, fruit yield and concentration of some nutrients in hydroponically-grown strawberry. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture 2: 51-62
24. Mirzapour, M.H., Khoshgoftar, A.H., Mirnia, S.K., Bahrami, H.A. & Naeini, M.R. 2003. Interactive effects of potassium and magnesium on growth and yield of sunflower in a saline soil. Iranian Journal of Soil and Waters Sciences 17: 132-139
25. Mohammad, M.J., Malkawi, H.I. & Shibli, R. 2003. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus fertilization on growth and nutrient uptake of barley grown on soils with different levels of salts. Journal of Plant Nutrition 26: 125-137. [DOI:10.1081/PLN-120016500]
26. Mokhtary, I., Abrishamchi, P. & Ganjali, A. 2010. Ameliorative effects of cacls2 and caso4 on growth, content of solouble proteins, solouble sugars, proline and some mineral nutrients (Na+, k+) in leaves of Lycopersicon esculentom var mobile under salt stress. Iranian Journal of Biology 23: 62-72
27. Navarro, J.M., Martı́nez, V. & Carvajal, M. 2000. Ammonium, bicarbonate and calcium effects on tomato plants grown under saline conditions. Plant Science 157: 89-96. [DOI:10.1016/S0168-9452(00)00272-7]
28. Nejadhabibvash, F. & Rezaee, M.B. 2021. The effect of salinity on seed germination, early seedling growth and anatomical structure of Beta vulgaris. Nova Biologica Reperta 7: 419-430.
29. Rubio, J., Garcia-Sanchez, F., Rubio, F. & Martinez, V. 2009. Yield, blossom-end rot incidence, and fruit quality in pepper plants under moderate salinity are affected by K+ and Ca2+ fertilization. Scientia Horticulturae 119: 79-87. [DOI:10.1016/j.scienta.2008.07.009]
30. Sadeghi Lotfabadi, S., Kafi, M. & Khazaei, H.R. 2010. Effects of calcium, potassium and method of application on sorghum (sorghum bicolor) morphological and physiological traits in the presence of salinity. Journal of Water and Soil 24: 385-393.
31. Song, J.Q. & Fujiyama, H. 1996. Ameliorative effect of potassium on mice and tomato subjected to sodium salinization. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 42: 493-501. [DOI:10.1080/00380768.1996.10416318]
32. Zaman, B., Niazi, B., Athar, M. & Ahmad, M. 2005. Response of wheat plants to sodium and calcium ion interaction under saline environment. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 2: 7-12. [DOI:10.1007/BF03325852]
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA
Send email to the article author

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons Licence
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.



© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Nova Biologica Reperta

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb