Research in psychological health

Positive cognition: The Relationship between positive and negative self-reference traits and positivity

vahid nejati

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationship between positive and negative self-reference traits and positivity components. The study was descriptive and correlational research. The Statistical population included all undergraduate and postgraduate students at Shahid Beheshti University that 187 students (82 boys and 105 girls) were selected by convenience sampling. Research tools consisted of Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Snyder hope scale, life orientation questionnaire and checklist the self-reference traits. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between happiness and life expectancy with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Optimism was not associated with positive and negative traits of self-reference. Also, positive traits of self-reference were negatively associated with negative traits of self-reference. On the other hand, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that happiness and hope were predictors of positive traits of self-reference. Also, negative traits of self-reference were predicted by hope. It seems that processing negative and positive information related to the self were influenced by happiness and positive life expectancy. Self-Reference paradigm was an appropriate approach for conducting researches in positive psychology research.

The structural model of perfectionism based on cognitive, behavioral and emotional transdiagnostic constructs

Mehdi Akbari

The present study was conducted to evaluate the model which investigate predictive role of emotional dysregulation (ED), intolerance of uncertainty (IU), experiential avoidance (EA) and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) in positive and negative perfectionism. Participants were 412 B.S students of Tehran university, Allameh Tabatabei and Kharazmi university.The positive and negative perfectionism, repetitive negative thinking questionnaire, disorder in emotion regulation scale, intolerance of uncertainty scale and multidimensional experiential avoidance questionnaire were used for gathering data. Data was analyzed by structural equations modeling. ED does not have significant relationship with positive perfectionism. But there is mediated and unmediated significant relationship between ED and negative perfectionism. IU has unmediated significant relationship with perfectionism and has mediated and unmediated significant relationship with negative perfectionism. EA has unmediated significant relationship with perfectionism and has mediated and unmediated significant relationship with negative perfectionism. ED, IU and EA were significantly predicted 12 percent of positive perfectionisms, 64 percent of negative perfectionisms and 58 percent of RNT. The results showed that positive and negative perfectionism are two different structural models. And RNT mediates the association just between negative perfectionism and some of outcome variables.

The Relationship between Psychological Dimensions of Negative Mood, Fear of Pain and Movement Disability in patients with Spinal Chronic Pain

Mahboobeh Khajehrasooli

The goal of this study was to examine the role of stress, anxiety and depression and fear of pain on anticipating the movement disability in patients with spinal cord chronic pain. The sample in the research included of 53 persons (41 women, 12 men) with spinal cord chronic pain (back pain) who were approached and referred over the 3 months to a physiotherapy clinic and briefed about the research and voluntarily agreed to participate in the study. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Pain Disability Questionnaire (PDQ), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS) and Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) were completed by participants. The obtained data in the research was examined by statistical method of correlation coefficients and multiple regressions. The findings of this study shown that from the subscales of DASS, depression had the highest correlation with movement disability. Also the subscales of PASS, particularly dimension of escape/avoidance had the highest positive and significant correlation with movement disability. The findings showed that depression explained %28 and escape/avoidance explained %36 of the variance of movement disability. Although pain might be considered as a physical health problem primarily, however, psychological components including depression, anxiety, stress and fear of movement could play a crucial role at least in maintenance of pain that needs to be considered in rehabilitation interventions.

Relationship between self-efficacy and mental health among teachers:the role of perceived social support

Faramarz Sohrabi

The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy, perceived social support and mental health among teachers. Sample consisted of 447 teachers which selected by cluster random sampling. In order to collect research data from the General Health Questionnaire, general self-efficacy questionnaire and Social Support Questionnaire were used. The results of path analysis showed that social support can mediate the relationship between self-efficacy and mental health among teachers. There have significiant diffrences between genders in anxiety and insomnia symptoms. There were not significiant difrences between elementary school and secondary school teachers in outcome variableres. Path analysis showed that 15% of teacher’s mental health scores was explained through the perceived social support. It could be concluded that social support had a pivotal role in teacher self efficacy and mental health.

Evaluation the effectiveness of the substance abuse prevention programs among employees of Iran Ministry of Cooperatives Labour and Social Welfare

Ayat Saadattalab

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the substance abuse prevention among employees of Iran Ministry of Cooperatives, Labour and Social Welfare. Research design were a descriptive and survey study. The sample size was 230 employees in Iran ministry of cooperatives, labour and social welfare. Three researchers’ made questionnaires, includes 36-item reaction scale, 45-item knowledge scale and 34-item attitude scale were used for gathering data. Data were analyzed by one-sample t test, independent t test, One-way Anova, post hoc(Scheffe) test, and Friedman test for priority setting. The findings showed that the participants' knowledge and attitude in pre-test were increased in comparison to the post-test. At the reaction level, the findings showed that the programs are desirable for the objectives, teacher, and evaluation and are approximately desirable for the content and implementation. According to participants’ perceptions, among all the courses, life skills for drug prevention, basics for drugs, and side-effects of drugs and the consequences are highly considered. Moreover, the courses should be underlining with greater quality.

Effectiveness of Multi-components Cognitive-behavioral Therapy on Insomnia Intensity and Quality of sleep among Breast Cancer Patients after Surgery

Shahrokh Makvand Hosseini

The aim of the current research was to examine the effectiveness of group multi-components cognitive-behavior therapy on insomnia severity and quality of sleep of breast cancer patients after surgerical operation. Applying an available sampling procedure and randome assignment method for assigning group samples, a sample of 30 breast cancer patients (experimental=15, control= 15) were selected. The criteria of inclusion and exclusion were checked for and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insimnia Severity Inventory (ISI) were completed by all subject in three occasions (pre, post and follow-up stages). The six session’s therapy protocol were conducted on experimental group, whereas another group received only simple meeting with the therapist. Data extracted from questionnaires and analysed using Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA). Significant differences were revealed for insomnia severity in the follow up stage, and for quality of sleep in the post-test and follow-up stages, between two groups with decreased mean scores in the experimental group than contol.Multi-components Cognitive-behavioral therapy could improve insomnia severity and sleep quality of patients with breast cancer after surgery and is recommended for these patients to resolve their insomnia problems.

Psychometric properties of Internet abusive use questionnaire

shekoofeh mottaghi

This study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of Persian language version of internet abusive use questionnaire (IAUQ). Translation-back translation was used to prepare the Persian version of the IAUQ. The target population of the study included all students in public universities in Yazd Province, Iran. Using convenience sampling, a total of 318 correctly completed questionnaires of IAUQ, Young's questionnaire for internet addiction and demographic properties were collected. Collected data were analyzed by synchronous reliability, internal consistency, explanatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and Chronbach's alpha. Findings extracted two factors for the questionnaire. Also, Chronbach's alpha coefficient and convergent reliability were 0/91 and 0/82, respectively. After content validation, confirmatory factor analysis was used to investigate construct validity of IAUQ. Finding showed The dual-factor structure corresponds to the proposed factors in original questionnaire. Results showed that the IAUQ for Iranian society have optimal psychometric properties and could be used in Iranian sample.