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The mediation role of psychological resilience in the relationship between students' sense of hope and mental health: a moderated mediation approach
Sara Ebrahimi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
This research investigated the mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between sense of hope and mental health among students, and the moderating role of gender on the mediation of psychological resilience. The research method was a correlational description. The population was made up of all the students of second-year public high schools in the 5th district of Tehran in the academic year 1402-1403, of which 302 people were selected using the convenience sampling method. To collect research data, The Adult Hope Scale (1991), The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003), and The Symptom Checklist-25 (2001) were used on the Internet. The results of Hayes regression analysis (models 4 and 7) showed that psychological resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between sense of hope and mental health; and gender plays a moderating role in the relationship between sense of hope and mental health based on psychological resilience; So that the mediating effect of psychological resilience among girl was stronger. The findings revealed the effect mechanism of sense of hope on mental health among adolescents and can be inspiration in preventive interventions to cultivate positive psychological characteristics to increase the sense of hope and promote the mental health among students.

The relationship between phubbing and mental health of students: The mediating role of self-control
Amirhossein Abdoli, Mahdi Kazemi, Dr Sedigheh Ahmadi, Shahnaz Hassanabadi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
The phenomenon of phubbing and its relationship with mental health has recently raised concerns. Due to the lack of studies in this area, the aim of this research was to examine the mediating role of self-control in the relationship between phubbing and mental health among students. This study was fundamental in nature and employed a descriptive-correlational method. The study population included all 14,000 students at Kharazmi University during the 2023-2024 academic year, from which 255 individuals were selected through convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Phubbing General Questionnaire (Chotpitayasunond and Douglas, 2018), the Self-Control Questionnaire (Tangney, Baumeister, and Boone, 2004), and the General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg, 1972). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests and structural equation modeling with the help of SPSS 27 and JASP 0.18.3.0 software. The findings indicated a significant negative relationship between phubbing and self-control. Additionally, there was a significant positive relationship between self-control and mental health. Furthermore, a significant negative relationship was found between phubbing and mental health. In this study, the indirect relationship between phubbing and mental health through self-control was significant at the 0.01 level. Based on the results, increasing students' awareness of the negative impacts of phubbing is crucial.
 

The Role of Physical Activity in Modulating Psychological, Neural, and Hormonal Structures Related to Violence: An Approach Based on Iranian Criminal Law
Seyedeh Leila Naqibzadeh, Mahmooud Habibitabar, Masoud Mostafapour,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2025)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise interventions on reducing aggressive behaviors and to understand the associated biological, neural, and psychosocial mechanisms. Conducted as a systematic review and analysis of selected studies, primarily focusing on moderate to high-intensity aerobic exercise, the research examined hormonal markers, neurostructural changes, and psychosocial outcomes related to aggression. Findings revealed that regular exercise reduces cortisol levels and modulates testosterone ratio, while increasing endorphin secretion and enhancing serotonergic function, which collectively contribute to decreased irritability and impulsivity. Furthermore, regular exercise promotes neuroplasticity, elevates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, and increases hippocampal volume, leading to significant improvements in prefrontal cortex function, crucial for impulse regulation and response inhibition. Psychosocially, group exercises strengthen social support, enhance self-efficacy, and improve conflict resolution skills, fostering sustained reduction in aggressive behaviors. These results indicate that multidimensional exercise interventions have a significant role in aggression reduction and mental health promotion, providing a strong foundation for developing therapeutic and rehabilitative programs.

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