Morteza Khajevand, Mousa Kamanroudi Kojouri,
Volume 14, Issue 52 (9-2025)
Abstract
Objective: This study analyzes the factors attracting migrants—predominantly from rural areas—to Abhar, focusing on economic opportunities, improved living conditions, and access to suitable employment. It also examines the socio-economic and cultural impacts of migration on the city’s infrastructure and local communities.
Methods: The research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach with an applied purpose. The statistical population comprises 34887 households (household heads) residing in Abhar, from which a sample of 380 households was determined using Cochran’s formula. Data, both quantitative and qualitative, were collected through library–documentary research and field methods (interviews and questionnaires) using systematic random sampling. The study covers the period from 1956 to 2021. Data analysis employed SPSS software, multiple regression analysis, and spatial data processing through Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
Results: Results show that 57.63% of migrants to Abhar originated from rural areas, while 42.37% came from urban areas. The highest proportion of migrants came from within Abhar County (47.63%), and the lowest from Soltaniyeh (1.58%). Economic factors (β = 0.49) were the strongest predictors of migration, while recreational–tourism factors (β = 0.23) had the least impact.
Conclusions: The main drivers of migration to Abhar include economic opportunities, healthcare services, natural resources, infrastructure, education, and socio-cultural amenities. Migration flows are predominantly from within Abhar County, adjacent areas of Zanjan Province, and nearby counties, indicating a high concentration of development in Abhar. Given the ongoing centralization of resources and opportunities, migration is expected to continue rising, further exacerbating regional disparities. The study recommends reducing these disparities by distributing employment opportunities, services, and resources more evenly between Abhar and surrounding rural areas.
