Fundamentalism is one of the security issues of today's world, and the Territorialize and , Territoriality of  fundamentalist terrorist groups has attracted a large part of the world's security literature.  Over the past decade, Southwest Asia and North Africa have emerged from domestic crises and transnational power interference, the focus of the emergence and expansion of radical ideas that impose huge costs on the regional and trans-regional countries of the world. Meanwhile, the northern continent of Africa, and in particular the country of Libya, as a fragile state emerging from the internalities and role of the regional interventionist powers, has provided opportunities for the expansion of ISIS's fundamentalist organization.The present study is based on the descriptive-analytical nature of the hypothesis that based on internal factors such as strategic position and huge oil resources, the crisis of legitimacy, spatial inequalities (axis-margin), the weakness of national correlators, weakness of central government power, Interventions of regional and global powers territoriality have been provided a platform for fundamentalist organizations such as ISIL in Libya, and the data and information required for research has been compiled in a library-based way . The results of the study showed that the fragility of the government in North Africa, in particular Libya, Territorialize and , Territoriality grounds have provided for ISIL's .

Tourism is one of the most important means of development in the world. Many countries in the world pay special attention to tourism as an effective tool for their political, cultural and economic development in their country's policies and programs. The present study was carried out in order to plan tourism in Ardebil province based on a futuristic study method. The present research is applied in a practical way as a combination of documentary and survey methods based on a futuristic approach. The research area of Ardabil province and the statistical population is 45 tourism experts, urban and regional planning and executive agencies of the province. Delphi method, cross-effects matrix (Wizard scenario software) and Wizard scenario software were used to analyze the data. Based on the findings of the Delphi method and environmental scanning, 88 factors were identified as influential factors in the development of tourism in Ardebil. In the second step, using the Micmac method, 14 key Factors, including the comprehensive tourism plan, the media, stimulus policies, macro policies of the state, distribution of facilities, infrastructure, recreational centers, increased private incentive to invest in the region, the region's susceptibility to Investment in tourism, planning, security facilities, budget, the existence of hot and mineral water springs, improvement of information systems, such as site and blog, have been identified as key to the development of Ardebil province. In the third step, based on key factors, believable futures were explained using the Wizard scenario method, which ultimately resulted in three strong, weak and believable scenarios. In this scenario, believable scenarios are due to the intermediate between scenarios Strong and weak, have been based on analysis. Accordingly, there are three scenarios named "Golden scenario", " believable scenario" and "Disaster scenario" for the future of tourism in Ardebil province.

Religious tourism, as one of the ways of development, cultural exchange and social interaction between nations can have many benefits for any society today. Enjoying indigenous cultures and local religious ethics is an important factor in attracting tourists. The city of Khorramabad has special religious ethics, such as the celebration of gellmalli in the Ashura Day and the chehell manbarr in Tasoa day, which can have a profound effect on this. Therefore, the present article, using descriptive-analytical method, and questionnaire, interview and observation tools, and with the assumption that indigenous religious-cultural ethics increase the value and importance of tourist attractions at the destination, has attempted to survey the role of chehell manbarr in tourism development of  Khorramabad city. The results of one sample T-test at the significant level of 0.000 indicate the impact of all three indicators of abilities and potentials in the chehell manbarr, visual beauties and custodians of urban organizations such as Culture and Islamic Guidance, Municipalities and other related organizations Is above average; Also according to the results of one-way analysis of variance at the error level below 0.05% , it is vary the effect of the index of abilities and potentials in the chehell manbarr ceremonies, and the effect of metropolitan organizations such as culture and Islamic guidance and municipality according to the educational levels of the respondents. However, the results of one-way analysis of variance for the extent of visual beauties on tourism inclination are similar at the educational level of the respondents. The results of regression analysis at the significant level of 99% show that all three variables of keeping of urban organizations such as culture and Islamic guidance during the chehell manbarr ceremonies, the abilities and potentials in the chehell manbarr ceremonies and the creation of visual beauties have a direct and significant effect on the tendency to Tourism and motivation for future trips.

Identifying barriers and adaptation requirements is crucial for the successful implementation of climate change adaptation practices at the local level, especially in mountainous rural communities with limited local resources and technology. Due to the importance of this issue, in the present study, the barriers and requirements for adaptation to climate change in mountainous villages were investigated. The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of purpose and method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, free interview and observation of the researcher from the study area. The statistical population of rural households is Papi section of Khorramabad city (N = 2346). Using Cochranchr('39')s formula and sampling method, 330 households were selected as a sample. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and exponential exploratory co-integration rank test (Johansen method) were used. The results showed that farmers in the mountainous villages of the study area face several adaptation barriers that are more serious institutional, normative, technological and information and cognitive barriers. Given that adaptation conditions are an important factor in reducing or eliminating adaptation barriers and improving farmerschr('39') adaptation capacity to climate change, local economic development, local infrastructure, production technology, and the granting of micro-credentials are the most prominent adaptation requirements in these were the grounds. In addition, due to the effective role of government, cooperatives and villagers themselves in rural development, a rational adaptation framework for selecting optimal adaptation strategies in cooperation with these three, as appropriate regional adaptation measures and policies for research proposals was presented.