Groundwater resources are important part of the sweet water available to humans. The present study studies and evaluates the quality of water resources of karstic basin of Roein Esfarayen. For this purpose, sampling of water from water sources was carried out and groundwater quality of the area was evaluated in terms of drinking, agriculture and industry using Schoeller, Wilcox and Langelier diagrams, Water Quality Index( WQI) and groundwater quality index (GQI). According to the results of the analysis of the samples taken and the relevant charter diagrams, most of the water sources in the area were in the good category for drinking. The results of the Wilcox diagram showed that only S7 (Springs of Zargara), S6 (Springs of Sarang Zwucha) and S20 samples (rivers at the basin outlet) had saline water but could be used for agriculture and the rest were suitable for agriculture. The water quality table of the region's springs in terms of industrial use also showed that all of the water samples of the region except the Springs of Sangvah, which contains sediment-bearing water, have corrosive properties. The WQI index is also indicative of the quality of all samples taken in drinking water, and only the surface water of the basin outlet whose WQI is above 50 is in good condition. Location and quality zoning of drinking water from the GQI index was also carried out. The GQI quality index in the region varied from 93.42 to 95.87 in the region. Therefore, it can be said that although the minimum quality of samples is related to surface water of the basin, but this quality value is also in the appropriate quality category. Therefore, in total, all the water resources of the study area are in the category of quality in terms of drinking water standards

The persistent drought conditions and the increasing reliance on groundwater resources over the past decades have significantly expanded the areas affected by land subsidence across various regions of the country, leading to substantial damage. To mitigate the impacts of subsidence, a comprehensive and precise understanding of this phenomenon is essential. In recent decades, the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) interferometric technique has emerged as a widely used method for measuring subsidence. This study utilizes field data, including piezometric wells, groundwater level fluctuations during minimum and maximum periods, and exploitation wells, to calculate aquifer discharge rates using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation. The aim is to analyze the time series of subsidence in the Esfarayen plain. Additionally, radar data from Sentinel-1 images were employed to estimate the subsidence rate during the first eight months of 2023. The findings reveal that subsidence in the study area ranged from 1 to 12 mm over the eight-month period, with 75.2% of the basin area classified as medium to highly critical. This indicates that the Esfarayen plain is in a critical state. The highest levels of water extraction and subsidence were observed in the southern regions of Sankhasat, Kharasha, Arg, Gazan, Jafarabad Kharaba, and Mehdiabad of Kal Beko wells, all of which fall within the highly critical zone. These areas require efficient groundwater management strategies to control and mitigate land subsidence.