Higher quality of services provided in the rural areas requires feedback, consulting with villagers, and their active participation in rural development process. Water services are one of the most basic services provided in rural areas. Accordingly, the present study seeks to evaluate the satisfaction level of rural residents with the quality of services provided by Rural Water and Wastewater Company. This study was conducted in a descriptive-analytical method, and the population was comprised of 132 households randomly selected from rural residents living in rural areas of Central District of Neyshabur County with an acceptable reliability score. Investigating the relationship between the five dimensions of the study and the individual characteristics indicates that there is a significant relationship between age, gender and education level and satisfaction with quality of the services in sample villages. At the same time, assessing the satisfaction with the quality of water services in sample villages indicates that the quality of water services in sample villages is at a satisfactory level. The analytical results of the confirmatory factor analysis of the research indicators showed the highest percentage of variance of the research dimensions belonged to 'empathy', with 30.91% and the least value of variance belongs to ‘tangible changes’ (21.28%). The spatial analysis of villagers' satisfaction with drinking water supply services in sample villages showed that the village of Sheikhlan with 103.10 Qi had the highest satisfaction level, and the village of Turani with 0.990 Qi had the least satisfaction with the quality of services..
 

Analysis probative spatial data method for checking patterns spatial accidental and accidental is distribution variables spatial and correlation spatial from more usage and more important tools Analysis for is the research in the case spatial data. The aim in research, is evaluation operation methods find inside in distribution spatial land use city Kerman. That on base of methods find inside kriging ordinary with models circularly, gauss, spherical and exponential for find inside data use and with criteria error inclusive Root Mean Square) RMS( and Standard Root Mean Square) SRMS(,Mean Standard)MS(,Mean and average Mean error)ASE  (pay to evaluation veracity and exactitude. Methodology research present, descriptive – resolution with resolution spatial use software GIS. Results resolution explanatory existence pattern cluster in the land use study, administrative and commercial and pattern diffused for land use medical in the city Kerman. In between four pattern use study follow of better order. Too results research rectitude, specified pattern kriging ordinary with model gauss beater shape pattern distribution spatial use in the city Kerman

The purpose of this study is to analyze and analyze Iran's precipitation over the past half-century(1967-2017). For this purpose, the average monthly rainfall of Iran during the statistical period of 50 years was extracted from Esfazari databases (Which is provided using data from 283 stations of Synoptic and Climatology). Regression analysis was used to analyze the trend and to analyze the annual and monthly rainfall cycles of Iran, spectral analysis was used. Investigation and analysis of monthly precipitation trend indicates that except for central Zagros (Lorestan and Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari and Gorgan areas, where rainfall in winter season has increased trend), in other parts of the country and in other seasons, the trend of decline Precipitation is prevalent. The study of Iranian rainfall cycles has been shown  that Most of Iran's rainfall cycles are 2 to 4 years old and have a short term course. Meanwhile, there are two middle-cycle 25-year cycles in January-July and two long-term 50-year cycles in March and December, indicating a trend in the March and December rainfall. The two months of February and October lacked a clear cycle. The analysis of the auto-correlation model of rainfall showed that the high spatial auto-correlation model in winter was consistent with the western, southwestern and coastal of the Caspian Sea and covered about 14% of the country's. The low spatial auto-correlation model is found in sparse spots in the southern, central and southeastern regions of the country in winter and spring, and covered about 7.5% of the country's. The results of this study indicate that the overall trend of Iran's rainfall is decreasing trend and only in winter, in the small regions of the country, the increase trend is observed.

In this study, the changes in the Khorramabad storm in the period of 1952 to 2015 have been investigated. For this purpose, data from meteorological codes 06 and 07 were received from the Meteorological Organization of the country, and after identifying the days of winding with dust storms and calculating their monthly frequency, monthly, seasonal and annual time series were analyzed. In this study, descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, linear and polynomial trend analysis, and nonparametric Mann-Kendal test were used to study the frequency variation of dust storms in Khorramabad station. The results of the research showed that the monthly frequency of dust storms in Khorramabad station in the middle of May, July and June is May and July, respectively, and from May to July (May to July), the frequency of storms in the dust and dust Khoramabad station is added that this issue is not related to the district heating and dry season. In the seasonal season other than the autumn, which is not frequent with frequent dust storms, in the rest of the seasons, especially in spring and summer, the seasonal concentration of dust storms in Khoramabad has been intensified. The analysis of the trend of time variation in the occurrence of dust storms in Khorramabad station showed that in most of the months of the year and in the three seasons of spring, summer and autumn, as well as in the annual period, there was a significant change in the frequency of dust storms in Khorramabad station. It is increasing with a relatively steep slope, indicating that in the future, the frequency of dust storms in Khorramabad station will be increased.

This paper aims to explain the inequality and imbalance in the developmental levels of 6 selected cities in North Khorasan. The paper seeks to answer these two questions as to whether the spatial and non-spatial indices in regional disparities have an effect on equality? And can we achieve a functional model based on the evaluation of indicators? In order to achieve the goal and the answer to the question, indicators have been selected based on the importance and effects of the factors in both natural and human aspects. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical in nature and in terms of access to the facts of the descriptive-survey type and in terms of The purpose is to apply. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and multi-criteria and cellular analysis using the coefficient of variation formula. Thus, the coefficient (from one to another) was determined in each case, the influential elements and the prestigious countries of inequality. The results show that the city of Bojnourd with a coefficient of 90 channels in North Khorasan has been used for structural changes by providing data matrices and presenting maps (with the help of GIS), and the most change coefficient is related to the percentages of urban population percentages. Other results of the study indicate that according to the coefficient of variation and determination of z in the cities of North Khorasan province, Bojnourd city has the first rank in 6 indexes of 10 selected indexes and its z value is 8.57 and the clear distance with Shirvan is The title of the second city is with a z = -3.54. The final finding of this research is modeling in the structural-functional changes and changes in North Khorasan which was proposed at the end of the paper.

The development and improvement of the tourism industry in the country or its various regions depends on effective marketing mechanisms. Marketing is an instrument for promoting sport tourism in different regions, which should be carefully considered. The purpose of this study was to analyze the strategic combination of sports tourism marketing in Mazandaran province with a 7 P's approach. 235 managers of sport and tourism organizations, managers of tourism offices, tourism guides and academic experts in the fields of sport and tourism management, as a sample of this research, were randomly selected, completed a researcher-made questionnaire composed of 57 valid questions & 7 Component (α=0.792) voluntarily. Findings from Friedman test showed that the Components of sports tourism mix marketing in the province based on priority were significant. The element of price (mean 4.69) is the highest priority and the process or planning (mean 3.69)  is the lowest priority. Other elements of the sport tourism mix marketing of the province are the priority, respectively: product or service (mean 4.21), place (mean 4.05), physical evidence (mean 3.91), people (mean 3.76) and promotion(mean 3.61). Findings from Friedman test showed that the elements of sports tourism marketing mix in the province based on priority were significant. The element of price is the highest priority and the process or planning is the lowest priority. Other elements of the sport tourism marketing mix of the province are the priority, respectively: product or service, place, physical evidence, people and promotion.
 

Today, due to climate change, natural hazards and how to deal with them are among the most important concerns of researchers in environmental planning and crisis management. The purpose of this study is the assessment of the potential flood risk in Sarbaz drainage basin. For this purpose, the databases including elevation, slope, geological characteristics, soil characteristics, precipitation, vegetation, land use, and vector layers of the main channel, streams and drainage densities of the basin were used. By using the questionnaire and experts' opinion as well as hierarchical analysis, the weight of influences of each layer was calculated in basin flooding. Each of these layers was classified based on the flood potential from low to high-risk scale and eventually merged with the weighted overlay model in Geographic Information System. The results showed that main streams, land use, and precipitation are the most important components in the flood risk of the Sarbaz river drainage basin. From the total area of the Sarbaz basin, only 0.5% has a high to extremely high flood potential, and the central areas of the basin have the highest potential for flood due to topography and special hydrographic conditions. In addition, the main river basin districts towards the outlet of the basin as well as parts of the margins of important sub-streams have the highest flood potential. Despite the limited area of the high-risk zone, due to population density and agricultural land, the importance of this area is very high in crisis management.

Isfahan City-Region is a collection of cities and towns with shareable common ground (such as communications, infrastructure, population and climate) at the geographical level of the city of Isfahan and its surroundings, and their social, economic, functional and spatial dependencies are such that one The geographically differentiated metamorphic and sub-regional divisions form the surface of the land and the main focus of its residential concentration is the city of Isfahan. These common features make it possible for them to complete complementary fields with single target targeting. Meanwhile, municipalities, as the main actor of urban management, play a major role in communicating cities and managing these relationships, so that these issues can play a common language among the actors in the city-region. This research is descriptive-analytic in terms of its main purpose. The analysis of locational problems and identification of key actors in Isfahan-Isfahan (including Isfahan and ten neighboring cities: Abrisham, Baharestan, Khomeinishahr, Khorzuq, Dorcheh, Dolatabad, Shahinshahr, Ghahjavarestan, Gaz, and Najafabad) is an applied research. For this purpose, in the first step, identifying problems between Isfahan and ten neighboring cities has led to the formulation of a statement of problems by using the dual paths of reviewing the documents of documents and urban plans and conducting interviews with city managers and experts. In the second step, analyzing the problems and problems of the cities located in the city-region of Isfahan, based on the six-tagged codes defined for each problem, the amount of weight (severity of the problem) is determined and, through the method of analyzing social networks, the network of "actors-problems" is drawn. Based on the findings of the analysis from this network, the problems of "Air pollution caused by the exhausted bus", "the occurrence of environmental problems caused by the destruction of the ecological capacity of West of Isfahan" and "shortage of fire fighting equipment in neighboring cities of Isfahan" are the most important of the city-region. The department of "Urbanism & Architecture", "Transportation" and "Urban Services" as acters paly the most key role in solving the problems of the city-region of Isfahan.

‏‫مترجم Google‬ برای کسب و کار:کیت ابزار مترجممترجم وب سایت

The heat wave is a long period of warm climate, compared to the expected conditions in a region over a certain period of the year. Heat waves cause mortality, disease and various problems in different fields of transportation, agriculture, production and energy. It is very important to study the changes in spatial and temporal patterns of these waves to understand the causes of the incident and confront them. In the present study, using the "Heat Wave Magnitude Index daily" (HWMId), which takes into account both the intensity and the wavelength of heat, the heat waves of Iran between 1985 and 2015 have been analyzed in terms of spatial and temporal distribution. For this purpose, using the maximum daily temperature data of 44 synoptic stations of the country and on the basis of the threshold of the 90th percentile, the heat waves greater than or equal to three days were identified at each station. After applying the HWMId on the days of each heat wave, the magnitude of each wave was calculated. Then, the average number and magnitude of all waves, as well as the most severe ones, were calculated in annual and seasonal scales and the corresponding maps and charts were drawn up. The results of the study showed that the highest number of heat waves occurs in the western part of the Zagros Mountains and then the Kavir Plain; while the maximum magnitude of heat waves belong to the south-east and central parts of the country. Autumn and then winter season have a high share of the most severe heat waves during the study period; while the spring and summer heat waves are relatively weaker, and are more limited in terms of expansion. The most severe heat waves during the study period have occurred in the winters of 2008 and 2010. The number and magnitude of heat waves in the country is increasing significantly. The largest increase in the number belongs to the summer and the magnitude belongs to the winter.

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze turbulence, fluctuations and jumps of Iranian regions. For this purpose, environmental data has been gathered in two parts. In the first part of the data, the results of the interpolation of the daily precipitation observations of 1434 stations of climate and climate were used from the beginning of 1340 to 1383. After the formation of a database to identify the Iranian regions, a cluster analysis was used on average data and annual and monthly rainfall variation coefficients. Silhouette analysis has been used to validate the Iranian rainy areas. In order to investigate disturbances, mutations and fluctuations in Iran's rainy areas, this study was carried out. The results of cluster analysis indicate that Iran's peripheral areas are divided into six classes. In the meantime, the Caspian region (area 4) has the highest rainfall and the lowest coefficient of variation. The distribution of rainfall regime in each of the six areas shows that Iran's precipitation regime is more frequent in winter and spring and sometimes in autumn. Investigation and analysis of rainfall turmoil has shown that rainfall, except in the 4th district (Caspian region), in other areas of distribution of rainfall occurred along with disturbance. Although most disturbances occur in the zagros area, the highest sequence of disturbances is related to the fifth load region. The least sequence of disturbances occurred in the central and eastern part of the country. The results of mutation analysis and fluctuations indicate that rainfall disturbances, except in the early years of precipitation regions two and five in other regions of the other regions, have no significant mutation, while short-term fluctuations of 3-5 years on rainfall Each of the six domains has dominated.

Abstract In present century the air transportation has had a very important role in relations between different countries of the world ,as exchanging of culture, showing the economical and military power and speeding the vital affairs of a country and in this case airports form a very critical role in the Air Transportation system An airport is the most infrastructural part of the transportation industry in each country. Therefore, recognizing the problems of this sector of the aviation industry is effective on expediting activities related to the transportation of passengers, the development of the flight network, the growth of the physical airport, reduction in air accidents and problems caused by the proximity to residential areas (colliding with residential areas and noise pollution). In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the problems of Mehrabad International Airport as the most important airport for domestic flights from the aerodrome point of view and the flight network based on standard indices of the national aviation industry. Therefore, among the experts of the aviation industry (pilots, officials and personnel working at Mehrabad Airport), 240 individuals were selected as the sample and a researcher made questionnaire was distributed among them. The application of factor analysis model and SPSS and Lisrel software revealed that the most important problems of Mehrabad Airport are proximity to residential areas, causing noise pollution for residents around the airport, adjacent to the military airport, lack of proper distance from other airports, and its role as flight origin for domestic flights in the Iran’s national airline, totally explain 83.79 % of the common variance. Other variables have not been able to justify significant variance.

Identity, as a complex concept, influenced by a variety of factors, makes one thing distinct and unique. Meanwhile, the characteristics of the environment, habits, worldview, cultural characteristics, etc., have a growing influence on the formation of these indices of identity. In other words, this study seeks to investigate the hypothesis of the difference in attitudes of inhabitants of the eastern and western parts of Mashhad towards urban identity indices and, finally, whether the distinction is observable or not? The basis of this study is based on quantitative methods that have been used for research purposes, along with qualitative methods. The output of this discussion is to achieve the identity of the city and its classification according to the purpose of the study. But in the small part, the study method is based on the use of differentiation and logistic models to show the type and level of differences between the eastern and western parts of Mashhad. Based on this, the rank of indicators of urban identity components was obtained in the form of a questionnaire in two categories of eastern regions (regions 4, 5 and 6) and western regions (including 1, 9 and 11) from the residents' perspective. The completed questionnaires were entered into the statistical database and analyzed using statistical software such as Excel and Spas. Study shoes that: 1- Regarding the formic index, studies show that variables such as high buildings, traditional architecture and natural form of place are variables that cause segregation of residents of eastern and western parts of Mashhad. 2- The results in Function indices also indicate that variables of vibrant places, places with activities, boarding times, places with different uses, and safe places are meaningful. 3- Finally, regarding the semantic indices, the effective and differentiating variables in the eastern and western regions of Mashhad, including two variables of understanding the sense of pilgrimage and understanding the characteristics of Islamic culture. Accordingly, it can be said that the attitudes of residents of the studied areas are different from those related to the sense of pilgrimage and the characteristics of Islamic culture in their. the end