Showing 45 results for Environment
Mina Bakhshi, Saeed Piri, Alireza Estalaji,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
cultural axes as Part of public spaces in cities Play an important role in meeting human needs Many urban theorists Cultural Aspects As One of the main components of a city system is known Because along with its functional role Increase community in urban spaces so In order to further these spaces And to meet the needs of the people We must pay attention to the quality of perception of the environment And examined them in this research Such an approach is in re-creation By identifying and evaluating the dimensions and principles of recreation Promoting the quality of environmental perception in the Enghelab axis The aim of this study Recreation of the cultural axis of Enghelab Street Emphasizing the quality of environmental perception current study A field research with a descriptive-analytic approach And looking for the answer to this question,What are the socio-cultural components of social regeneration in relation to the components of the quality of environmental perception? To formulate a theoretical framework First, using the documentary method The theoretical basis of the subject is detailed And then Analyzing existing approaches Emphasizing the quality of the environment Trying to rationalize the arguments As a result, a conceptual framework has been developed for this purpose In addition to the qualitative analysis of urban spaces In that quantitative analysis of the indicators has been done using a questionnaire To measure collected data Regression statistical test To measure the factors affecting regeneration And the quality of the environment,Pearson Correlation Test To measure the relationship between the components of perceptual quality and regeneration And Friedman test in order to prioritize each indicator And the average rating of the indicators Citizens' perspective is used The results Suggests that Among the indicators, Respectively,Environmental component, first priority and then content component Promote the quality of the environment
Mr Jamaleddin Honarvar, Dr Mohammad Ali Tabarsa,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Many contemporary urban environments are not self-sufficient with the physical and mental characteristics of the residents. Proper and purposeful design of urban environments can reduce the risks to health. The rivers of urban valleys and their open spaces are our natural and national wealth and heritage. Their value in urban plans remains unknown. In this study, in order to organize spatial space along urban rivers with a health promotion approach to achieve suitable environmental conditions for the survival of Darkeh River in Tehran (between the Modiriat bridge and Hemmat highway) and improving the quality of the surrounding environment. The research method was descriptive-analytical with survey technique. Using SPSS and LISREL8.80 software, the descriptive data of the questionnaire were analyzed. Internal and external environmental factors have been identified through field interviews from residents of three neighborhoods of IranZamin, DehVanak and the scope of the project using SWOT method. Using the Pearson continuity test and the SEM continuity diagram, it was found that there are four direct components of river flow organization (safety, continuity, vitality, flexibility) and improving the health of citizens in these three neighborhoods. At the end of the conceptual model, based on the effect of independent variables of organizing river-valleys on the dependent variables of citizenschr('39') health, it was presented and drawn and the fit of the conceptual model was confirmed using standard values of T test. In the end, based on the current situation and analyzes, 11 strategies and 39 design strategies have been presented.
Mohammad Saghebi, Ezatollah Mafi, Mehdi Watanparast,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Today, urban livability is the key concept in urban planning. At present, the concept of sustainable development and livability is one of the new concepts in developed countries. The city of Bojnourd has witnessed unequal urban spaces due to the increasing population growth, especially in the last three decades, so the necessity and importance of the issue of livability is quite evident in the city today. This study was developed with the aim of evaluating and measuring urban viability and the factors affecting it. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In order to collect the required data and information, library and field methods and questionnaire tools were used. The statistical population of the study consists of citizens living in Bojnourd, the sample size was estimated 384 people using Cochranchr('39')s formula. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, one-sample t-test and linear regression were used in SPSS software. The results of this study showed that the situation of urban livability in Bojnourd, according to the general average obtained, which was equal to 2.75, is in a situation below the average. Also, in terms of the studied dimensions, the social dimension with an average of 2.84 has the highest average and the environmental dimension with an average of 2.67 has the lowest average. Also, the results of this study show that the situation in Region 2 is better than in Region 1 of Bojnourd. Other findings of this study include the positive effect of citizenschr('39') sense of security and health on urban livability.
Elmira Azimi, Hosin Mobara, Maryam Farzadmanesh,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
The emergence of a variety of inequalities, widespread poverty, malnutrition and ... were examples of the effects of urbanization. For this reason, many scholars and experts have focused on the quality of life, in order to improve living conditions and improve the quality of life of human beings. Many studies show that satisfaction with different dimensions and characteristics of the neighborhood affects residents' quality of life. Considering that satisfaction with life, i.e., the full satisfaction of all parts of life, if this kind of satisfaction does not develop among residents, more serious problems such as intra-urban migration, severe class contradictions and the problem of uplifting and down-town faces Accepts. Therefore, identifying the effective factors on residential satisfaction in each neighborhood, which is in accordance with the needs of the residents of that neighborhood, is one of the main goals of urban planners in order to increase residential satisfaction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of location and quality of environment on improving citizens' satisfaction from neighborhoods. The research method was descriptive-analytic, data collection method, library and survey, sample size was estimated 315 by Cochran formula. In order to test the hypotheses presented in this study, structural equation modeling was used in Lisrel software environment. The results of this study indicate that spatial sense of belonging and quality of environment have a significant effect on residents' satisfaction with the neighborhood.
Mrs Maryam Sabokkhiz, Mr Esmail Shieh,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
Human dignity is a concept that can have a significant impact on urban public space. In this sense, it speaks of the value of human beings and their status as a thoughtful and spiritual being. Discovering this valuable feeling in an environment that is widely used by citizens is important to the research. The subjective and interactive nature of this phenomenon The purpose of this study was to analyze explicit inductive qualitative content analysis as a research method and to interpret contextual data obtained from in-depth unstructured interviews and field observations, and its perception among various actors and how human dignity was generated. Used. The data were analyzed through a systematic coding process with the aim of classifying concepts up to three levels of abstraction. The selection of participants in this study was purposeful and aimed at developing concepts to reach saturation. The findings of this study indicate that the concept of socialization is one of the most important factors in people's perception of human dignity. It is conceptualized with other concepts such as loss of personal distance, development of social communication, intimacy, social diversity and unity with the environment and society. Is formed. What is of interest is the relationship between these factors and the complexity of their relationships that have led to the formation of a sense of human dignity in individuals. Although the multifaceted concept of human dignity will be able to accommodate the broad concepts and meanings that are involved in this study The concept of socialization of urban public space has been carefully considered.
Atefeh Moradi, Mariam Daneshvar, Seyed Abdol-Hadi Daneshpour, Hooman Bahmanpour,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
Today, sustainable placement is one of the main approaches of urban planners and regional planners. The purpose of this study was to design and fit a consolidated model of localization of densely populated areas with emphasis on environmental balance. The purpose of this research is practical and it is a survey-analysis type. At first, according to the theoretical foundations, the research background and interviewing the experts designed the integrated model (basic conceptual model). Then the model was fitted by referring to experts (86 simple). The initial model of the research was investigated and tested using SEM using Smart PLS 2 software. The results showed that the factor loadings of all questionnaire questions were more than 0.4 and were therefore acceptable. The t-values for all questions are greater than 1.96 and are therefore significant at 95% confidence level. On the other hand, environmental equilibrium in locating subtropical regions is affected by 7 criteria and 22 sub criteria, among which environmental quality had the highest impact (path coefficient= 0.5227) and semantic structure (path coefficient = 0.0353) the least. Also, the mean of the common index index was 1.147 and the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.9184. The overall fit of the model (GOF) was calculated to be 0.55235. In the final study, it was found that all paths have significant coefficients and thus the conceptual model of research was confirmed.
Mr. Ehsan Amini, Dr. Shirin Toghyani, Dr. Amirhosein Shabani,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
Today, the number of elderly people is increasing due to various factors such as changing life expectancy and population distribution. On the other hand, this period of life requires special needs such as care and health to other external and environmental factors. The social phenomenon of the city is not separate from this population group, ie the elderly, and urban planners using environmental theories can take steps to improve the use of the elderly in the city and its public spaces. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to explain the components of the elderly-friendly city with an environmental psychology approach in the eight cities of Shiraz. After identifying the characteristics to obtain the required information using a questionnaire tool that Cochran's method was used to determine the sample and GIS data were generated using Moran analysis of the desired layers and then using hierarchical analysis and Hot spot analysis of overlapping criteria was performed using fuzzy functions and urban spaces needed by the elderly were identified. Then, by confirming the hypotheses in this field that attention to social components along with components of spatial structure can be appropriate to improve the urban environment, suggestions in this area from attention to access and public transportation to creating an environment Elderly entertainment was provided.
Nasim Majidizanjani, Mostafa Mokhtabad Emraei, Iraj Etessm,
Volume 23, Issue 69 (6-2023)
Abstract
Since geographical space is a subjective space, due to the difference in the spatial cognation of different people, its perception can be changed from person to person. This cognation depends on the person's experiences of the environment and can be taught. On the other hand, the best age for this training is childhood. But this issue has received less attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of architectural experiences from the environment on the spatial cognation of students in Tehran. This research was conducted by quasi-experimental method. This was done by measuring the students' perspective perception and wayfinding ability before and after the architectural experiences of the environment. In this regard, pre-test and post-test were used together with the control group. The model used in this study was one-way analysis of covariance (ANOVA). The tests included measuring spatial cognation by perspective perspective drawing by sketching the landscape mental image and wayfinding tasks. For validity measurement, face validity was used and for reliability measurement, Cronbach's alpha was used, which is higher than 0.70 for spatial cognation and its dimensions. Significance in the effectiveness of architectural experiences of the environment in understanding the perspective and the wayfinding ability that are part of spatial knowledge, showed the development of students' cognation of geographical space.
Zeynab Khaleghi, Farah Habib, Hossein Zabihi,
Volume 23, Issue 71 (12-2023)
Abstract
Water as one of the most essential natural elements of landscape and consequently urban landscape from yesterday till today has had a great impact on the formation and effectiveness of urban spaces and its various effects have always stimulated human tendency towards beauty. It should be noted that the existential values of water are not merely aesthetic, rather it goes back to the deepest and innermost part of nature. Such a stimulus has led human beings to recognize different aspects of water, including sensory and perceptual, visual, semantic, functional, physical-aesthetic, environmental, psychological, social, and temporal and this knowledge has provided the backdrop for a variety of water-based designs in the urban landscape. The main purpose of the present study is to identify all the features and existential values of water and their proper application in the urban landscape. In other words, the explanation of a specific pattern including major water criteria and indicators in the urban landscape has been considered to improve the quality of the landscape in urban environments. The research method is applied and the type of study is descriptive-analytical and data collection is based on the study of library resources and content analysis of text. The results of the research indicate that by applying all the existing dimensions and values of water element in the urban landscape, the quality of urban spaces can be improved. The use of water criteria and indicators in the urban landscape in a coherent and integrated manner requires a compiled pattern that is presented in the end in a tabular form.
Sepideh Raeisi Qanavati, Marzieh Moghli, Mohammad Ebrahim Afifi,
Volume 23, Issue 71 (12-2023)
Abstract
With the increasing expansion of urbanization and the increase in the population of urban dwellers and the resulting problems, it is becoming increasingly necessary to provide facilities for the well-being of citizens. Today, the importance and role of urban furniture in urban service and beautification is not hidden from anyone, and urban furniture is one of the essential and inseparable components of cities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban furniture in improving the quality of urban environment, Bandar Abbas city, which has been done by descriptive-analytical method. Data collection has been done using two methods of library and field (questionnaire). The statistical population of this study consists of citizens of Bandar Abbas, 384 of whom were selected using Cochran's formula and research questionnaire by simple random method. Distributed among them. The research questionnaire was created by a researcher whose validity was confirmed by experts in a formal and superficial manner. And its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, single-sample T-test and simple linear regression were used in SPSS25 software environment. The research findings showed that the urban furniture of Bandar Abbas is not in a good condition in terms of fitness and beauty, optimal distribution and citizens' satisfaction with the furniture of Bandar Abbas. The study of research hypotheses showed that urban furniture has a positive and significant effect on the quality of urban environment and its components, ie beautifying the environment, creating a suitable environment for social activities and increasing the vitality of the urban environment.
Zeynab Taghvaee, Sadroddin Motevalli, Gholam Reza Janbazi Ghobadi, Jalal Azimi Amoli,
Volume 23, Issue 71 (12-2023)
Abstract
Irregular and unstable urban development has increased marginalization, destruction of urban green areas and increased demand for urban land, which in itself has led to the disappearance of urban green spaces and land use change of such lands and is possible. Cause certain global environmental problems such as the formation of urban heat islands, because urban green space is one of the important models in achieving sustainability in urban space and the physical and natural fit of the city. At the same time, the protection of the environment and urban green space is the main pillar of sustainable development, which has been discussed in developed countries for decades and in recent years has been highly regarded by planners in developing countries. The present study, in terms of Weberchr('39')s applied and developmental purpose, is a descriptive-analytical descriptive survey or field study in which the researcher-made questionnaire tool is used and the existing maps of urban green space are used. The purpose of this study is to explain the role of green space in coastal cities in attracting tourists with the approach of sustainable environmental development in the coastal city of Noor, but in addition to the main purpose of the sub-objectives, the researcher The results also increase the per capita urban green space, increase the number of urban tourists, prevent environmental damage and increase the income of the citizens of the coastal city of Noor.
Hassan Haji Amiri, Arash Seghfi Asl, Mehdi Ashjaie,
Volume 24, Issue 72 (3-2024)
Abstract
The question of resource constraints is an issue for all industrialized, developed and developing countries. Therefore, saving on fossil energy consumption and sustainable development have become very important and common issues internationally. So as to conserve energy resources, prevent contamination of the land and the environment, reduce fossil energy use and co-exist with natural and state-of-the-art environments, one of the most important measures in architecture and urban planning, and the architects and urban planners have to adhere to the principles and rules. Special in the field of construction. Over the years, various guidelines, standards, and standards have been developed to optimize energy consumption in buildings, including the most noteworthy metrics today (LEED). The purpose of the present study is to identify the causal pattern of environmental sustainability principles based on the Leid's Code. The present study is of applied purpose and of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of this study consisted of Qom architects and experts. The sample size was 25 individuals. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, fuzzy DEMATEL model was used. The results of this study showed that amongst the biodiversity sustainability criteria based on the Leading Model of the Sustainable Site Criterion was identified as the most influential criterion and the Regional Priority and Innovation Criteria in the design as the most influential criterion. Energy, climate and water efficiency and indoor air quality of materials and materials were also identified as intermediate criteria.
Professor Mohammad Taghi Razavian, Zhila Sajadi, Professor Morteza Ghourchi, Ph.d Candidate Zohreh Mohammadganji,
Volume 24, Issue 72 (3-2024)
Abstract
The present study in dealing with the problem of weakening the connection between human and place in todaychr('39')s cities, is trying to examine the theories derived from the approaches of phenomenology and environmental psychology. The research method in the present study is a descriptive-comparative survey based on a documentary study and a questionnaire ". According to the statement of the problem and the choice of two zones 1 and 18 as a case study, Tajrish in District 1 and Shahrak-e-Valiasr in District 18 of Tehran were selected as a case study based on situational sampling. According to the type of research (descriptive -survey), 100 residents of Tajrish and 120 residents of Shahrak-e-Valiasr were selected by simple random method. Dependent variable is "Residentschr('39') mental image of urban places" (twenty indicators derived from theories proposed i
n phenomenological and environmental psychology approaches) and independent variables are including respondent individual characteristics (age, gender, occupation, education, marital status,…) . The respondent and the mentioned factors, the strengths and weaknesses of the twenty indicators should be identified and strategies should be proposed to improve the constructive dimensions of the mental image in the case studies. Statistical analysis of the data obtained through the questionnaire indicated that Despite the significant difference between the satisfaction of the components of the mental image in these two neighborhoods, There is a correlation between the individual characteristics of the respondents and the satisfaction of the mentioned components in both
Maryam Sanatgar Kakhaki, -Manouchehr Foroutan, Mohammad Mehdi Soroush, Sara Jalalian,
Volume 24, Issue 73 (6-2024)
Abstract
Vitality is one of the main components in design, but it is a complex and multifaceted concept that overlaps in its physical, social and economic dimensions. Therefore, in this paper, according to the theoretical vacuum of this concept in architecture and considering its interdisciplinary nature, using the model of various types of communication and types of vitality, the fields of psychology and sociology were selected for comparative study of vitality. Then, by using the comparative method by juxtaposing the differences and similarities of vitality in the field of psychology and sociology with definitions in architecture and urban planning, as well as examining the difference between vitality and other similar concepts in architecture and urban planning, including quality. Life, viability, and sustainability were ultimately represented by the definition of vitality and the model of environmental vitality. Therefore, the present study was performed with interpretive paradigm, qualitative approach, comparative method and logic of deductive reasoning, which is explained in terms of theoretical purpose and type of results. The purpose of this study is to answer questions about the definition of environmental vitality, the appropriate approach to research on vitality, the appropriate scale of vitality research, the factors affecting environmental vitality and its evaluation methods.
Key word: Happiness, social vitality, comparative study, environmental vitality
The results of this study show that environmental vitality is a relative concept of place and time that cannot be specifically defined for the vitality of all places in all countries and in all time periods, but rather Factors must be identified locally according to location. Factors affecting environmental vitality in general include experimental and aesthetic, functional and environmental components. The impact of each factor varies according to the culture and local characteristics of the place, which is due to the collectivist culture. And the place of collective happiness in our country, paying attention to the factors of vitality that increase the social aspects of space, attracting and involving people, can be a way forward.
Hassan Azizi Bohloli, Mahmoud Reza Anvari, Masoumeh Hafez Rezazadeh,
Volume 24, Issue 73 (6-2024)
Abstract
Rural management has always undergone various changes. Today, this pillar is the responsibility of the rural municipality Foundation. The purpose of forming this institution is to have a strong executive force in order to develop rural areas. rural municipality, as the executor of village programs and projects, has an important role in reducing urban and rural inequalities and improving the development of the village. Determining the degree of success of rural municipality in performing tasks is possible when its performance is carefully measured. The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of rural municipality Foundation in terms of economic, social and environmental indicators in rural areas of Sarbisheh. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of heads of households (1931 households) in 30 villages with rural areas. The sample size at the level of heads of households was calculated using the Cochran's formula of 320 people. The result of one-sample t-test showed that the best performance of rural areas is significantly less than 0.05 in terms of social indicators with an average of 3.78. Also, a significant difference was observed between the studied villages in the field of social indicators with a significant level (0.008), economic indicators with a significant level equal to (0.004) and environmental-physical indicators with a significant level (0.047). In terms of social performance, Dehneh Chah village with an average of 4.43, in terms of economic and environmental performance, Baghestan village with an average of 3.90 and 4.16 are in first place. The study of paired t-test with a significance level of less than 0.05 and an average difference of (-1.271) indicates that the situation of rural development indicators has become more appropriate after the establishment of the rural municipality Foundation.
Keywords: Dehyariha performance, economic, social and environmental indicators, rural areas, Sarbisheh.
- Valiollah Ghasemi Gilvaei, - Afshin Ghorbani Param,
Volume 24, Issue 74 (9-2024)
Abstract
Housing design plays a crucial role in sustainable social development as cities face numerous challenges due to various changes in the physical landscape. Therefore, it is imperative to establish appropriate design indicators for residential towers. This study aims to investigate the design indicators for sustainable social development in residential towers in the metropolis of Tehran. The research method employed is descriptive-analytical and applied in nature. The statistical population for this study consists of architectural experts who are members of the Tehran Organization. According to the Engineering System Organization, the statistical population comprises 22,000 experts and members of the Tehran Engineering System Organization. The sample size was determined to be 384 individuals based on the Morgan table. The results of the Friedman test indicate that designing open spaces for art, culture, games, and entertainment in towers promotes interactions and a sense of belonging, while mitigating the negative effects of industrial life on residents. This aspect was found to have the highest weightage of 17.81. Additionally, the flexibility in tower design and overcoming structural constraints through solutions such as strip design and atrium design, along with facilitating proper access and installation of open spaces, contribute to sustainable development and enhance residents' satisfaction. This indicator obtained a weightage of 17.51. Furthermore, the effective management of towers and the design of suitable social spaces on roofs and ground floors (interactive, sports, cultural, and artistic) have a significant impact on reducing tower-related issues and promoting vitality and public participation. This indicator ranked third with a weightage of 17.42. Consequently, sustainable social development is closely linked to the design of residential towers.
Dr Mohsen Kameli,
Volume 24, Issue 75 (12-2024)
Abstract
| Inland traffic has become a growing phenomenon for today's civilized society, which in addition to the movement of passengers, the desirable feature of the stations should be used. Due to the high volume of users of the subway and the long-term stops of passengers, stations have become an effective venue for urban daily activities. Considering the growing trend of metro expansion in Tehran metropolis and the increasing need for it, special attention is paid to the quality of the environment of stations The metro should be considered as a metropolitan environment for the social interactions of citizens. The purpose of this paper is to investigate and evaluate physical, functional and psychological criteria in the design of metro stations and the effect of these components on the quality of stations from the viewpoint of metro users and also provide a solution to improve the quality of space stations. The research method is descriptive-analytic research based on the survey and interview technique, questionnaire, and observation were used. The data obtained from the field method are quantitative and qualitative data. Qualitative data is the result of observation in the place or photographs and quantitative data obtained from the questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS software. |
Valiollah Ghasemi, Afshin Ghorbani Param,
Volume 25, Issue 76 (3-2025)
Abstract
Industrialization and modernization have had a significant impact on various aspects of society including architecture, urban planning, environment, climate, and geography. This impact is evident in phenomena such as the construction of high rise buildings, climate inversion, and environmental degradation. Many of the problems observed in recent decades can be attributed to population growth, migration, and changing needs of citizens. As a result, city managers and architects face significant challenges. The main objective of this article is to conduct a theoretical study on the use of residential towers, with a particular focus on sustainable social development and its implications for environmental protection in Tehran. This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach and has both applied and theoretical purposes. It is also part of a survey that employs both quantitative and qualitative research methods. The sample size for this study was 384 participants, and data were collected using questionnaires. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. The most significant finding of this research is that population growth has fueled the construction of tall buildings, which in turn has contributed to issues such as excessive consumption of natural resources and fossil fuels, destruction of natural habitats, decline in social interactions, climate change, increased traffic congestion, and heightened air pollution. These issues have become a complex and seemingly insurmountable crisis.
Mrs Elham Zamani, Dr Behshid Hosseini, Dr Hossein Zabihi,
Volume 25, Issue 76 (3-2025)
Abstract
The current research is based on the process of algorithmic design and simulation of village boundaries using the Grasshopper plugin in the Rhino software. The proposed algorithm utilizes the image simulator component and its importer in the Grasshopper plugin to input two-dimensional images taken from samples into this plugin. Before entering the data, the input images are converted to black and white to allow the system to distinguish between the background texture and the subject of analysis. Additionally, the proposed algorithm identifies the village boundary by comparing the subject and the text in the pixels of the two-dimensional image. By calculating the internal area of the identified boundary, the algorithm estimates the proportion of textures relative to the background. The main objective of this research is to examine the impact of green and dry textures as natural factors on the density of residential texture in terraced villages in Iran, across various climates. In addition to identifying the density of village textures, emphasizing the comparison of parameters will provide new insights into the texture of terraced villages. The simulation analysis tool, known as the density measurement algorithm, is developed based on aerial maps created by the researchers for this study. By using inverted aerial maps, this algorithm can determine the density of natural texture in the formation of villages and residential texture. This capability reduces the need for physical presence and enhances the accuracy of outputs in analyzing village texture. Furthermore, the identification of parameters will provide the next generation of rural housing with the density pattern of previous generations.
Narges Karimi, Farah Habib, ,
Volume 25, Issue 77 (6-2025)
Abstract
A sense of belonging to an environment is an emotional connection that takes place between people and the external environment. Many studies have shown that the existence of this connection and its deepening between the person and the environment has a significant role in promoting the physical environment and the emergence of positive social behaviors. Therefore, recognizing the sense of belonging and the factors affecting it and ways to improve it is one of the issues that can lead to the improvement of living conditions and physical environment. Among the many factors that affect the sense of belonging, the time factor as one of these factors can be effective from two perspectives; Duration of residence and age of the environment. In this study, while researching the effect of each of these factors on the sense of belonging of residents, a comparison between these two factors and the intensity of the effect of each on the sense of belonging has been done. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In order to collect the required data and information, library and field methods and questionnaire tools were used. The statistical population of the study consists of citizens living in the six studied neighborhoods in Zanjan. The sample size was estimated to be 300 people using the Cochranchr('39')s formula. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the sense of belonging in the study areas is moderate to low. The results also showed that the duration of residence and the age of the environment have a positive and significant effect on the sense of spatial belonging and its components. Among the variables, the effect of the environment variable on the sense of spatial belonging is greater than the length of stay, so that the age of the environment predicts 27.1% of the variance of the variable of spatial belonging.
