Showing 184 results for Mohammad
Reza Mohammadi, Zyinab Karkaabadi, Ghlam Reza Miri,
Volume 22, Issue 64 (3-2022)
Abstract
In this study, the actions and interactions between the city and the border were studied and explained. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method in library and field method. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population consists of one percent of the population of border towns of Zahedan, Mirjaveh, Dost Mohammad, Khash and Saravan(N=8092). Using Cochran formula, 367 people were selected as the sample. Data were analyzed using Structured Analytical Model (SOWT-ANP). Findings and results showed.the most important effective factor on city-boundary relations is social factors with a mean of 3.55 and among weaknesses, Most affected were social weaknesses with a mean of 3.63 and among the opportunities examined, economic and managerial factors with a mean of 3.53 and Finally, they have the most impact on all types of threats, injuries and social threats with an average of 3.75. Also, the use of the method(F.ANP)in this study showed that the highest weight related to the threat factor was "management", which gained 7.9% of the final weight and took the first place. "Establishing economic, political and environmental security to deal with crises, attacks and ... (ST2)" is the most desirable strategy of deciding on the issue of zero value. And the strategy of "non-cooperation and interruption of cross-border relations with neighbors (WT1)" has been identified by experts as the worst strategy in this regard. Therefore, it can be said that among the factors (SWOT) "threats and challenges" in security and management dimensions is the most influential factor And the real gap between the "opportunities" is the key to improving the relationships between cities and territories. Also, from the standpoint of sustainable development management (institutional and structural) factors with the highest degree of importance and social, economic and environmental factors are ranked next.
Mehran Mohammadi, Naser Eghbali, Mahmood Rezaii,
Volume 22, Issue 64 (3-2022)
Abstract
This study examines the principles and criteria that lead to the adoption of a city - a case study: Sahebgharraniyeh Tehran district - is underway. The NLAS method has been used as the main research method and indicator in this research. In this research, we tried to evaluate the methodology of the NLAS method in Sahebgharriyeh neighborhood using the method of analysis of the hierarchical method of analysis of the NLAS method and to analyze the status of living in Sahebgharrani neighborhood based on the received responses and their analysis. Detailed analyzes based on factor analysis and hierarchical analysis method show that Sahebqaranieh's habitat status is based on three indicators of facilities and services, local economy dynamics and visual landscape situation and environmental pollution and its related components. After summing up Related items and calculation of general indices indicate that the local economy's dynamics indices with a mean of 0.96 and T-value of 968 / resulted in decreasing the viability of Sahebqaraniye neighborhood. But with 95 percent confidence, Sahebgharriyeh neighborhood can be considered as individual and social security indexes, identity and sense of place belonging, facilities and services needed, and the status of the visual landscape and the environmental pollution of the habitat.
Nahid Bagheri Maragheh, Mohammad Motamedi, Ezatollah Mafi,
Volume 22, Issue 64 (3-2022)
Abstract
Abstract
Explaining the relationship between resilience to natural disasters is in fact how social, economic, institutional and physical capacities affect the increase of resilience in societies. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the resilience of Shirvan city in the face of earthquakes in which the research method is descriptive-analytical and the statistical population includes experts in the field of urban resilience for this group of 30 people. First, the indicators evaluated to assess the resilience of Shirvan city in the face of earthquake hazards using the ANP model, which were questioned by experts and elites, were 25 indicators in 4 physical, institutional, cultural, social and economic criteria. Paired comparisons were performed. Findings showed that the rate of resilience in Shirvan is low in 65.4% of the city and high in only 19.2% of the city. In other words, in 17 neighborhoods out of 26 neighborhoods of Shirvan city, the rate of resilience in the face of earthquake hazards is low and only in 5 neighborhoods of the city the rate of resilience is high. Therefore, the final results of resilience in Shirvan are 19.2% of the upper city, 15.4% of the average city and 65.4% of the lower city. In general, the results indicate that the resilience of Shirvan is in an unfavorable and unfavorable situation and the rate of resilience in this city is low in the face of earthquake hazards.
Hosein Khorashadi Zadeh , Mohammad Solimani Mehranjani, Simin Tavallaei, Reza Kheyroddin , Ghahraman Abdoli ,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
Based on the notions and assumptions of the discourse of “new urban regionalism”, there is a close relationship between the "spatial morphological structure" and the "spatial division of labor" in a megalopolis region, and solving existing problems in one without another is not possible, because they can either act in the direction of positive reinforcement and support, or in order to weaken and become an obstacle to each other; therefore, what is meant by the problem of achieving equilibrium and integration in the spatial structure and the functional system in a megalopolis region, will not be possible without recognizing the nature and relationship between these two. The reviews done the research shows that "spatial morphological structure" and "spatial division of labor" in Tehran's megalopolis region during the recent decades has not been able to support each other and significantly reduce the spatial non-equilibrium in the region. Therefore, according to the results obtained in the framework of this study, the "spatial morphological structure" and "spatial division of labor" in Tehran's megalopolis region during the recent decades (1345-1390), has been accompanied by a significant reduction in the spatial non-equilibrium in the region, though, the trend of transformations is on the move. One of the strategic implications of this is that the future issue of the Tehran's megalopolis region is to be more focused on the peripheral population poles and the improvement of the level of performance of the city itself in order to accept transnational functions and create alternatives and opportunities for roles and the tasks that will be assigned to them in the future. Just as in the prior years the industry sector has gradually shifted to the service sector, in the future it also seems necessary to give up the services sector to itself periphery and oppose the acceptance of the fourth sector of the global economy (such as; Information, communication and cultural economy).
Sara Dodange, Babak Hajikarimi, Mohammad Mehdi Mozafri, Kamiar Kavosh,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of social responsibility on emotional and behavioral responses of tourists after failure of services in four-star and five-star hotels. The research method is practical obgectively and descriptive and analytical methodology. The statistical population of the study was contained tourists who visited four-star and five-star hotels, and the sample size was estimated 384 people by the Cochran formula, sampling method was simple random. The data gathering tool was the questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. For investigating and testing of the research hypotheses was used structural equation modeling in the software environment, pls. The results of the research indicated that social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, satisfaction and trust of tourists. In addition, findings showed that the satisfaction and trust of tourists have a positive and significant effect on their loyalty.
Mr Mohammad Safaei, Dr Hani Rezayan, Dr Parviz Zeaiean Firouzabadi, Dr Ali Asghar Torahi,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
Examining the effects of climate change on the oak spatial distribution, as the main species of Zagros forests and its ecological and economic values is of significant importance. Here, we used species distribution models for simulating current climatic suitability of oak and its potential changes in 2050 and 2070. For this purpose, five regression-based and machine learning approaches, four climatic variables related to temperature and precipitation and two optimistic (RCP 2.6) and pessimistic (RCP 8.5) greenhouse-gas scenarios were used. The results of measuring the accuracy of models by AUC indicated the good performance of all algorithms and Random Forest achieved the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.95) among other methods. The results showed that in both time periods and under both scenarios, changes will occur in oak spatial distribution and the most severe one would be a 42.9 percent loss in the oak climatic suitability in 2070 under pessimistic scenario (RCP 8.5).
Vahide Nori, Afson Mahdavi, Fatemeh Mohammad Niae Qaraee,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
The attachment to the place is the emotional relationship of the individual to the place, which is rooted in the person's past qualities and experiences that the place should be able to meet the needs and expectations of the individual, and also the place must meet the capacity to meet those needs and expectations. The attachment to the location is based on the cognitive, emotional, and functional interaction between individuals, groups, and physical-social location over time. The purpose of this study was to use the meta-analysis method to analyze the results of research on attachment to the place. In order to perform a meta-analysis, 75 researches were conducted in this regard. Among the 18 studies conducted during the years 2006-2019, in the field of attachment to the place were selected. In the first step, the evaluation of selected research, homogeneous assumptions and publication error was studied; accordingly, the findings indicated the heterogeneity of the size of the effect and the non-dominance of the published studies. In the second step, the coefficient of effect size was evaluated using the second version of CMA software. The results showed that the size of the effect or coefficient of influence of the identified factors is 0/376, which is evaluated according to the Cohen's interpretation system. Overall, the results indicate that the identified factors have a moderate effect on attachment to the location.
Mr Alireza Mohammadi, Mrs Elahe Pishgar, Mrs Leila Hosseini,
Volume 22, Issue 66 (9-2022)
Abstract
According to statistics, about 300,000 disabled people live in Iran. There are about 25,738 disabled people in Ardabil province. This calls for attention to macro-planning for the disabled. This planning involves cognitive and spatial analysis of the status of the disabled people in different parts of the country. The purpose of this study was to analyze more precisely the situation of the spatial dispersion of the disabled and their relationship with different regions of the cities of Ardabil to address further the problems of accessing urban services and creating better living conditions for people with disabilities. In the present study, indicators such as age, gender, the status of residence, type and severity of disability, marital status, education and employment were analyzed using spatial statistics analysis. Also, the geographically weighted regression (GWR) model has been used to measure the relationship between the extent of development and disability. Findings of the research show that there is no relationship between the extent of development and disability in Ardabil province. The number of disabled males is higher than that of the disabled females in all cities. Disabled people in Ardabil province are young and 91.55% of them are illiterate and close to 96.74% of them are facing unemployment problems. In almost all cities of Ardabil province (73.98), there are severe to very severe disabilities and there is no specific order among different cities in the province of Ardabil regarding the type of disability, and various disabilities have been dispersed in the province.
Reyhaneh Salehabadi, Mr Mohammad Reza Hafeznia, Mr Seyyed Hadi Zarghani, Syrus Ahmadi,
Volume 22, Issue 66 (9-2022)
Abstract
The national strength of algebraic aggregation is a large number of positive and negative factors that are composed of numerous sources and resources. One of the important sources of national power in the world today and in the post-Cold War period is economic power, which is itself the bedrock of other superstructures, such as political, military, and so on. This research uses descriptive-analytical method and using library resources and field research to answer this question. What are the most important variables and indicators that shape economic power of countries? The findings of the research by examining library documents show that the four main components of economic power including infrastructure, production exchange, production level and financial resources can affect economic power. Meanwhile, 61 variables related to quadruple components were identified. Then, by using the Likert spectrum questionnaire, internal knowledge was measured to measure the importance of each of these variables. Accordingly, economic infrastructure, high-tech exports, food imports and international currency reserves were of high importance. On the other hand, variables such as the share of the poor in the consumption of national income, economic competition, foreign ownership, and commercial costs of violent crimes were of minor importance. Finally, it can be argued that countries have an obligation to take into account the factors and variables in the economic dimension to achieve their national interests and interests.
Negar Ghasemi, Marzieh Alikhah Asl, Mohammad Rezvani,
Volume 22, Issue 66 (9-2022)
Abstract
Study of resources changes in previous years could be useful in the planning and optimal using of resources to control inappropriate changes. Because land use changes occur on large-scale, remote sensing technique is a useful and valuable tool for monitoring the changes. The aim of this research is land cover changes detection in a period of 32 years in Pishva town with using remote sensing technique .First TM, ETM and OLI images for the years 1986, 2002 and 2018 were collected respectively and after geometric and radiometric corrections, images were classified by using maximum likelihood classification methods. Kappa and overall indexes were used to calculate classification accuracy. Results showed in past 32 years, bare land and irrigated land have decreased while residential and greenhouse areas have increased. Classification accuracy showed that OLI, ETM and TM sensors have high accuracy respectively with kappa 0.96, 0.80 and 0.76 and also overall indexes of 97.56, 86.54 and 86 percent. Based on results, in the first period (1986-2002) 27.6%, in the second period (2002-2018) 29.60% and in the third period (1986-2018) 31.8% of area land cover have been changed. Results showed land cover changes in the area is related to climate changes like low precipitation, drought and social condition like population and food need increasing and economic condition like high production and efficiency.
Mr Mahmood Hosseinzadeh Kermani, Dr Bohlul Alijani, Dr Zahra Bigom Hejazizadeh, Dr Mohammad Saligheh,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
The main aim of this paper is to determine the capable areas for cultivating pistachio through considering of Geo statistical Analysis the major effective factors. The necessary climatic daily data of weather stations For the 300 synoptic stations, the station was set up by 2016. The topographic data include relief, slope, aspect, and TIN layers extracts from 1:250000 topographic maps of the region. The maps of land use and vegetation land cover were prepared from the 1:250000 maps of national soil and water Research Institute. The spatial analysis facilities of GIS were utilized for numerical calculation and the spatial geodatabase of the region was established. Then spatial and description data was entered into the data bank. Finally by overlaying analysis in ArcGIS, cultivated area was classified according to its capabilities. The results showed that 707273/88 KM2 Of the area (43%), Not suitable for spreading pistachio cultivation (Including altitudes and urban use and steep slopes, seaside and riverside streams, shoals, saline and swampy lands) and 585130/39 KM2 (35/57%) From the country of Iran Area Including plain areas and agricultural use) was recognized as suitable for the expansion of pistachio cultivation. These areas are located in the east and south east, center and northeastern Iran.
Mrs. Atefeh Shahmohammadi, Dr. Ali Bayat, Mr. Saeed Mashhadizadeh Maleki,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Air pollution is one of the major problems in large cities, which can be harmful to human health and the environment. Isfahan is one of the most polluted cities in Iran.
Its geographic location and low wind speed, industrial activities, transportation, agriculture, and other human activities have created critical air pollution conditions for the city. Nitrogen dioxide is an important pollutant of air pollution, which is monitored using ground stations and satellite measurements. In this paper, daily data of nitrogen dioxide from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite sensor, wind and surface temperature of Isfahan Meteorological Station data were used between October 2004 and May 2016. The average amount of nitrogen dioxide in the measured range is .The highest amount of nitrogen dioxide ( ) was observed in December and the lowest ( ) was observed in July. The standard deviation of the winter season ( ) is higher than the summer season ( ). The correlation coefficient of nitrogen dioxide with wind and temperature was -0.41 and -0.54, respectively, which indicates the higher importance of temperature in nitrogen dioxide changes. After the formation of the time series, the average monthly nitrogen dioxide content was determined using spectral analysis of least squares of statistically meaningful peaks corresponding periods. These statistically meaningful peaks corresponding periods have been eliminated from the mean monthly nitrogen dioxide time series, and with the linear fit on the residual time series, the trend has been calculated. The nitrogen dioxide trend for Isfahan is per year with 95% confidence.
Mr Jamaleddin Honarvar, Dr Mohammad Ali Tabarsa,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Many contemporary urban environments are not self-sufficient with the physical and mental characteristics of the residents. Proper and purposeful design of urban environments can reduce the risks to health. The rivers of urban valleys and their open spaces are our natural and national wealth and heritage. Their value in urban plans remains unknown. In this study, in order to organize spatial space along urban rivers with a health promotion approach to achieve suitable environmental conditions for the survival of Darkeh River in Tehran (between the Modiriat bridge and Hemmat highway) and improving the quality of the surrounding environment. The research method was descriptive-analytical with survey technique. Using SPSS and LISREL8.80 software, the descriptive data of the questionnaire were analyzed. Internal and external environmental factors have been identified through field interviews from residents of three neighborhoods of IranZamin, DehVanak and the scope of the project using SWOT method. Using the Pearson continuity test and the SEM continuity diagram, it was found that there are four direct components of river flow organization (safety, continuity, vitality, flexibility) and improving the health of citizens in these three neighborhoods. At the end of the conceptual model, based on the effect of independent variables of organizing river-valleys on the dependent variables of citizenschr('39') health, it was presented and drawn and the fit of the conceptual model was confirmed using standard values of T test. In the end, based on the current situation and analyzes, 11 strategies and 39 design strategies have been presented.
Sara Behvandi, Abbas Arghan, Mohammad Reza Zand Moghadam, Zeynab Karke Abadi,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of dust on the economy of Ahvaz. The present study has used descriptive and analytical research methods. In addition, this research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study includes specialists, managers, experts and professors in the field of environment and dust in the city of Ahvaz is 65 people. The sample size was selected based on the total census of 65 people. A questionnaire designed in urban economics in the city of Ahvaz, which has four main variables. Based on this, the questionnaire has 32 questions that will be researcher-made and each of the four main variables has eight questions. Experts and professors formalized the validity of the questionnaire and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha of 0.81. Data analysis was performed based on structural equation analysis in Smart PLS software. In general, dust has affected the economy of Ahvaz city and this has been in such a way that dust on urban housing with an impact factor of 0.63 and a value of 11.4 T, Dust mites on urban transport with an impact factor of 0.60 and a value of 9.94 T, dust mites on urban facilities and facilities with an impact factor of 0.54 and a value of 6.70 T and dust mites on urban finance with an impact factor of 0.68 and a value of T 16 / 12 has had an impact
Mohammad Saghebi, Ezatollah Mafi, Mehdi Watanparast,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Today, urban livability is the key concept in urban planning. At present, the concept of sustainable development and livability is one of the new concepts in developed countries. The city of Bojnourd has witnessed unequal urban spaces due to the increasing population growth, especially in the last three decades, so the necessity and importance of the issue of livability is quite evident in the city today. This study was developed with the aim of evaluating and measuring urban viability and the factors affecting it. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In order to collect the required data and information, library and field methods and questionnaire tools were used. The statistical population of the study consists of citizens living in Bojnourd, the sample size was estimated 384 people using Cochranchr('39')s formula. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, one-sample t-test and linear regression were used in SPSS software. The results of this study showed that the situation of urban livability in Bojnourd, according to the general average obtained, which was equal to 2.75, is in a situation below the average. Also, in terms of the studied dimensions, the social dimension with an average of 2.84 has the highest average and the environmental dimension with an average of 2.67 has the lowest average. Also, the results of this study show that the situation in Region 2 is better than in Region 1 of Bojnourd. Other findings of this study include the positive effect of citizenschr('39') sense of security and health on urban livability.
Mr Omid Mahpeykar, Dr Mohammadreza Khalilabadi,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
General circulation of Persian Gulf has a cyclonic pattern that affected by tide, wind stress and thermohaline force. Although tidal force is very effective in values of current speed, but thermohaline force is dominant in long time because tidal forcing has a short period and returning nature. Tide and density parameters are important in navigating and shipping, especially when ships approaching the shore and shallow water to determine the drainage of them. In this study using the Mike model based on the three-dimensional solution of the Navier Stokes equations, assumption of incompressibility, Boussinesq aproximation, and hydrostatic pressure, Persian Gulf circulation modelled. After model stability, the effects of tidal force on horizontal and vertical distribution of density were investigated. Results show that forcing of tide caused current direction be regular and without tidal force, wind stress dominates on isopycnal and turbulent pattern forms in sea surface layer especially in cool season. Also, with the elimination of the tide effect, the velocity of current is reduced to 75% and the water density is increased to 1-2 kg/m3. Density profile show that the Persian Gulf is a baroclinic environment and it is stronger in cool season relative to warm season. The impact of forces is not the same in different regions of the Persian Gulf, so that the effects on the change in density in the Strait of Hormuz are more perceptible and moving inward to the Gulf, the intensity of its effect is reduced.
Fatemeh Yadegarifar, Mohammadreza Poodineh, Morteza Esmaelnejad,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
In the meantime it can cause serious and irreparable damage to other social, economic and structural sectors of society. A look at the history of human life on Earth shows that human beings have always been exposed to all kinds of natural hazards. Natural hazards have many types, one of which is drought and water crisis. The recent droughts in Iran and the severity of the damage indicate the continued vulnerability of urban and rural areas. At present, drought management in our country is based on crisis management and thus less attention is paid to drought impacts and preparedness. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the resilience of Zahedan city against water crisis and drought. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of research, descriptive and analytical. The statistical population of the study is all households in Zahedan city based on the census of 1395 168480 households (672589 people). From the household heads, a sample size of 383 people was selected randomly using Cochran formula. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used to analyze the findings. The results of one-sample t-test show that the economic, social and institutional resiliency status in Zahedan city is lower than the average (2.815, 2.873 and 2.886, respectively); The results showed that Zahedan city is not in a good position in terms of resilience to drought and water crisis and this city has many water problems in rural areas and Zahedan city. Rural water shortages and droughts have caused extensive damage to farmers and ranchers. The effects of the water crisis on the economic, social and environmental structure of the villages have been very negative and these negative effects have ultimately led to the migration of villagers to Zahedan
Mr. Mosayeb Gharehbeygi, Dr. Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Dr. Marjan Badiee Azandahi, Dr. Yashar Zakki, Dr. Abbas Rajabifard,
Volume 23, Issue 68 (3-2023)
Abstract
Along with different states Economic policies in post-revolutionary Iran, have followed more or less the same path; in such a way that today, important parts of Iran's economy are trying to reproduce a non-competitive and non-preferential environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanisms governing the Iranian economy due to the decline in economic indicators. In this regard, the present study, using the method of discourse analysis and using semi-structured interviews, first explores and extracts the most important issues related to the current political economy of Iran and then, using the paradigm model has developed an appropriate strategy for the optimal management of the economy. The results show that the most important categories related to the current defective economy are the spatial distribution of power, the rentier state, and the underdevelopment of the social sector, the Dutch disease, sanctions, as well as epistemological ignorance and methods. Cognition of international political economy. Among these, the two factors of space nationality in Iran and the state's reliance on non-productive resources have caused states in Iran to become anti-geographic. In addition, the proposed strategy for the optimal management of Iran's political economy in the framework of the actor-network theory is to construct a central category of the social economy network, which by creating a balance and exchange between the concepts of society, economy and state, it leads Iran's political economy to spatial fluidity and a production-competitive economy.
Mohammad Ahmadvand, Shahriar Khaledi, Parviz Kardavani,
Volume 23, Issue 69 (6-2023)
Abstract
Climate and the required parameters for agricultural products are the important factors of production. We can determine potential facilities in different areas and consider the maximum tapping through agricultural meteorology. Due to drylands potentials in Hamedan province, we conducted a comprehensive survey based on 20 years (1995-1995) climatic elements of 9 main and supplementary synoptic stations. Thus, according to wheat phenological conditions and matching those with climatic conditions requirements in Hamedan province, we surveyed effective indices in grow crops. Finally, using geographic information systems (GIS) we implemented climatic elements zoning and weighting. Then the appropriate and inappropriate areas of the province for dryland wheat were determined. Results indicated among the climatic elements, annual rainfall and its distribution during the growing season, also the grow degree day (GDD) are important factors in process of dryland wheat. Based on maps extracted from the GIS, about 18 percent of the areas of province which are located in west, south west including Nahavand, Tuiserkan and Asadabad cities, enjoy very potentials and 46percent medium, 34percent good and 2 percent of Ghahavand city of Hamedan city functions lacks the necessary talent. with no potentials.
Mr Mohammadamir Moharreri, Kamran Lari, Foroozan Arkian, Gholamreza Salehi,
Volume 23, Issue 69 (6-2023)
Abstract
There are several limiting factors to the development of cities. These factors lead cities to develop in certain directions. Air pollution as a major problem of metropolises can itself be considered as a limiting factor of urban development by urban decision makers. 4 relatively large power plants are operating in Mashhad. There are currently two power plants in the east of the city and two in the west of Mashhad. Most of the fuel in these power plants is gasoline and natural gas. Modeling the air pollutant emissions of these power plants and identifying the pattern of pollutant emissions across the city can play a key role in the quality of life and health of approximately 3.5 million Mashhad residents. The outputs of this model can also be used as an effective parameter in estimating the urban development model. In this study, the emission of NOX, CO and 10PM pollutants was modeled and evaluated using AERMOD software in Mashhad. Using Arc GIS software, the population affected by these air pollutants was determined by one year solar time, the concentration of pollutants in different areas of the city and the area affected by the pollution concentration range was determined.
