The purpose of this research is the simulation of the maize function to scenario of climate change to the present and future. So to survey the region climate, daily data, maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation and radiation have been utilized during the period of (1987-2016). In order to simulating of climate in future, firstly the date of IPCM4 model under scenario and 30’s and 50’s with downscaling LARS-WG model. Before the simulation yield of maize, APSIM model was evaluated and validated. To calculate the maize yield the output of LARS model, plant date and were utilized as the cropping input model of APSIM. By variance analysis maize yield was compared in present and future. The results showed that the APSIM model validation can simulate acceptable accuracy and climate parameters change effect on the yield rate of maize. And on the basis of the highest yield in Fasa the lowest in the city Abade in base line. In future under different scenarios of climate change, maze grain yield in Fars province except Abade, other cities are decreasing than base line.

 

In an agricultural system, crop production is related to climatic conditions. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the impact of regional climate change on production ensures global food security. Wheat is one of the most strategic crops and examining different aspects of its production is a necessity of every agricultural community. According to studies, wheat production is affected by various variables including environmental, individual and social, economic and technological. The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of these variables on changes in wheat production in different climates of Fars province. The required data were collected and analyzed through multi-stage random stratified sampling and 522 completed questionnaires through face-to-face interviews with farmers in the province. Farmers' attitudes were measured in the Likert scale and Cobb Douglas, Transcendental and Translog production functions were used to estimate the effect of variables. Results of comparing effective variables in three Cobb-Douglas, Transcendental and Translog functions; demonstrates the superiority of translog. From the perspective of the farmers of the province in the translog function, respectively; Soil moisture at planting time (0.692), effective rainfall during growing season (0.68) and at planting date (0.66), heat wave at harvest time (0.63), damaging rainfall (0.59) , Profit from wheat production (0.51), farmer education (0.49), soil quality (0.49) and cultivation method (0.49) with the coefficient of the mentioned criteria next to them; The most important factors explaining wheat production in Fars province. Independent variables in the translog function explain 92% of the changes in wheat production in Fars province.

Gender distribution in the centers of power and the level of participation in elections from a gender perspective are among the ambiguous issues that show the composition and quality of power structures in political-spatial units. From a geopolitical perspective, how power is distributed through representation and political participation through elections reflects the presence or absence of gender justice in power structures. Given the high geopolitical weight of women in the Iranian population pyramid, the present study has reviewed the city and village council elections in Fars province from a geopolitical perspective of gender. For this purpose, by using descriptive and survey methods and by examining different statistics and data in the three rounds of city and village council elections in Fars province, the gender distribution of the elected representatives in these three rounds has been investigated. Is. The results showed that in the first round of urban and rural elections in Fars province, men held 90% of the seats. In the second round, this ratio reaches 80%, and in fact, there is a relative improvement in the gender distribution of representatives. In the third round, however, the sinusoidal trend reverses to the first round so that the gender weight of the representation remains established in the masculine structure.