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Today, attention to the tourism of historical contexts has been recognized as very important in order to promote socio-economic progress and to recognize the historical values ​​and cultural identity of each region. Therefore, this study was written with the aim of identifying the causal pattern of tourism promotion criteria in the historical context of Tabriz. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts in the field of research, 15 of whom were selected through targeted sampling. The collection of required information in this research has been done using library and field methods and Fuzzy DEMATEL method has been used to analyze the research data. The results of this study showed that among the identified criteria, the primary element criterion was identified as the most effective criterion and also as the most important criterion for promoting tourism in the historical context of Tabriz. Other results of this study include the causal model of each of the sub-criteria, among the sub-criteria of primary elements, historical criterion, among the sub-criteria related to secondary elements, accommodation facilities, and among the sub-criteria of favorable tourism space. They were identified as the most influential sub-criteria.

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Landscapes cannot be explained only by obscure geographical frequencies that can be described by objective methods, but they are real subjective observations and experiences that can be inferred by artistic and aesthetic perception, analysis and comparison. Thus, recognizing the elements of the emergence, formation and development of any perspective can be considered as a mirror of the whole picture of human knowledge, culture and perceptions in geography. It is based on such an understanding that the present study attempts to combine qualitative content analysis techniques and soft operations based on interpretive philosophy with a qualitative approach to the question of why each geographical (urban) landscape emerges. Thus, by analyzing the content of printed resources in this field, 14 categories were extracted, and the experts answered the questions related to the role of each category by using the evaluation questionnaire. Finally, after collecting the questionnaires from 10 geography experts, with the help of Fuzzy DEMATEL technique, the existing relationships between categories were analyzed and finally, due to the defect and inability of this technique in leveling, the effective levels between categories were determined by ISM technique. In the meantime, the results indicated that the worldview category, which in the general sense includes religious and ideological concept, is considered as an independent variable of the geographical landscape system. At other levels, there is civic awareness, philosophical thought, and political thought, which serve as the basis for the geographical landscape. In this context, the perspective variables of context, governance, cultural dimensions, and social context are defined as the moderating variables of the geographical landscape system. From the set interaction of variables mentioned, such as the organization of living space, reading of living space, public and private agreement and social resilience are obtained.