Showing 36 results for Ict
Ghazal Asadi Eskandar, Bahador Zamani, Shahab Kariminia, Maryam Ghasemi Sichani,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
Increased temperatures in urban areas due to high energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions are some of the problems of today's cities. Urban open spaces in hot and arid climates experience this problem more in summer. The purpose of this study is to show the relationship between morphological components of the urban fabric and thermal comfort through integrated analysis. In this study, urban fabric types were extracted by considering ground space index, floor space index, open space ratio, average height, streets orientation, streets organization, and type of plots according to their configuration of mass and space. To study thermal comfort, a field study was carried out in five neighborhoods in the historical context, for five continuous days in summer. Environmental variables including air temperature, humidity, radiant temperature, and wind speed were measured and the physiological equivalent temperature index was calculated using ENVI-met software and thermal comfort in the neighborhoods with different morphological characteristics was analyzed. The results showed that more than half of the data during the day in the hot season in all five neighborhoods are in conditions of extreme heat stress. Comparison of neighborhoods with different morphological features indicated that two neighborhoods with higher open space ratios, despite the difference in the orientation of the streets and the type of plots, have lower thermal comfort compared to other types. A neighborhood with a higher ground space index and a lower open space ratio has a lower average physiological equivalent temperature.
Mr Ali Shamai, Ms Mina Heydari Tamrabadi, Ms Marjan Heydari Tamrabadi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
In recent years, urban regeneration has been proposed as an approach for modernizing the urban environment. Sustainable urban regeneration is a comprehensive approach to restore social, physical, economic and environmental development to urban areas. Considering the important effects of urban space optimization on the quality of life of citizens, especially people with disabilities in public places, sustainable urban development is a necessity. In this study, spatial quality of Tehran 6th region has been analyzed due to physical limitations of people with motor disabilities. In order to collect data, library and survey methods have been used. The statistical society of this study is immobile and aquadroplasia patients. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been completed by patients with aquadroplasia and motor disability. Using single-sample T-test, spatial quality component analysis and urban regeneration services were performed in the form of physical-spatial, functional-service, content characteristics indices. Then, using Pearson correlation analysis and regression, the relationships between indices and their impact on the quality of urban environment in district 6 were identified. The results of single sample T-test showed that the quality and satisfaction of the urban environment of district 6 are not at a high level in terms of immobility residents. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that at the level of physical-spatial characteristics, in the sub-index area of access and roads organization has the greatest effect of B=0.518 on citizens' satisfaction. At the functional-service characteristics level, social welfare services sub-index (B=0.531) has the greatest impact. At the content characteristics level, environmental health sub-index =0.680 and B=0.627 have the highest effect. The importance of indicators varies from person to person and from neighborhood to neighborhood according to their individual abilities and needs, but as the findings suggest, for the needs of people with disabilities in district 6, some measures have not been taken to optimize the urban environment of this area for social comfort, environment.
Mr Iraj Mahmoodpour, Dr Hossein Hataminejad, Dr Rahmatolah Farhoodi, Dr Jamile Tavakolinia,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
It has a complex and multi -dimensional conceptual life and guarantees the performance of the ecosystem from the smallest unit to the surface of the Earth, or in other words from local levels to world levels, and its patterns are quite different from one region to region. In this regard, in the past three decades, in addition to the human impacts, the use of harmful resources and industries, the vulgarity of the ozone, the greenhouse, the greenhouse and the effects of the phenomena, and the phenomena of the city, Various environmental and environmental and remedies have been increased, which has increased melods to zero. For this purpose, in this study, it has been attempted to identify and analyze the key propellers affecting biodiversity by emphasizing the environmental indicators in Tehran's 11 metropolitan area. In this study, with the technique of environmental and Delphi dynamics, 57 primary factors were extracted in eleven different areas and then, using the Delphi method of managers, the matrix of the components of the components was formed. Next, the matrix analysis has been analyzed through the Michemac software. The results of the distribution of variables on the axis of influence and influence of the factors in the Micmac software indicate the system's instability within the scope of the study, and therefore five categories of variables were identified. Finally, due to the high direct and indirect effect of factors, seven key factors were identified as key factors in the field of biodiversity, with emphasis on the environmental indices of the region. Among the preferences under consideration, the variables of public transport status (speed, accuracy, confidence, security, security, convenience, economic affordability) and public access to the green space had the highest impact on the biodiversity in the study area.
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Volume 10, Issue 11 (9-2010)
Abstract
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Volume 12, Issue 24 (6-2012)
Abstract
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Volume 16, Issue 42 (9-2016)
Abstract
Temperature alteration plays special role as one of the most basic climate elements. So inspection of temperature alteration and anticipation has scientific- applied magnitude. In this study inspection of several cases of statistical characteristics of monthly average, maximum and minimum temperature and illumination of their alteration method, temperatures predictability by ANFIS is evaluated. Applied data is over 288 months during 24 years of statistical period since January of 1987 until December of 2010 through synoptic stations of Pars Abad, Ardebil and Khalkhal. According to equations of data lineal process, lineal process of temperatures through all of the stations is positive and additive. Lineal process gradient in minimum temperature is more than other maximum and average temperature. Less amplitude more variance and standard aviation and data predictability is more. According to present article adaptive Neuro – fuzzy inference system mostly has acceptable function through anticipation of monthly minimum, maximum and average temperature in the stations of Ardebil province.
Ahmad Reza Ghasemi,
Volume 16, Issue 43 (12-2016)
Abstract
Air temperature is one of the most frequently used parameters in the assessment of climate change at global and regional scale. So researchers have tried to modeling and predicting it with different models. This study also aims to model and predict the country's monthly minimum and maximum temperature. Investigates of temporal temperature changes is done by Sen’s estimator and Pettit method and predicting made by Holt-Winters model. The results indicated that the minimum temperature during 1961 to 2010 increased by 2.9º C . This rate is more in stations located in the warm and dry regions (3.1°C) than any other stations (1.8°C). While the maximum temperature gradient changes are lower and is about 2.1°C. The results also confirmed the performance of Holt-Winter's forecasting model. Beside a few exceptions, the minimum and maximum temperature will be increased until 2020. The highest increase of temperature will occur in Khoy, so that the minimum and maximum temperature will be increased about 0.6°C and 0.28°C, respectively.
Somayeh Soltani Gerdfaramarzi, Aref Saberi, Morteza Gheisouri ,
Volume 17, Issue 44 (3-2017)
Abstract
Rainfall is one of the most important components of the water cycle and plays a very important role in the measurement of climate characteristic in any area. Limitations such as lack of sufficient information about the amount of rainfall in time and space scale and complexity of the relationship between meteorological elements related to rainfall, causes the calculation of these parameters using the conventional method not to be implemented. One method of evaluating and forecasting of rainfall in each region is time series models. In this research, to predict the average annual rainfall synoptic station at Mahabad, Uromiya and Mako in West Azarbayejan provience during 1984-2013, linear time series ARIMA was used. To investigate model static, Auto Correlation Function (ACF) and Partial Auto Correlation Function (PACF) was applied and with differencing method, the non-static data transformed to static data. In next step, stochastic models to estimate the annual rainfall average were used. With regard to the evaluation criterion such as T, P-VALUE < 0.05 and Bayesian Information Creterion (BIC), ARIMA (1,0,0), ARIMA (0,1,1) and ARIMA (0,1,1) models was determined as a suitable model for predicting annual rainfall in the three selected stations at Uromiya, Makoo and Mahabad. In the following, the annual rainfall for 3 (2013-2016) years is forecasted which based on rainfall data in that time, the adjusted model was acceptable.
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Volume 19, Issue 53 (6-2019)
Abstract
Using the passive defense principles in urban plans and projects is important in the context of land use planning, reinforced concrete, citizen education, and increasing urban resiliency. Observing and adhering to these principles will reduce the vulnerability of the city and citizens to security and military threats. Therefore, this study aims at evaluating the spatial pathology of the physical and social structure of the 6th urban district of Tehran municipality with emphasis on passive defense approach principles particularly citizenship education principle. Therefore, this research has selected the 6th urban district of Tehran municipality, due to its important and sensitive land uses with regional and trans-regional functions as a research area. In this study, the AHP model was used to assess the physical structure pathology. In order to evaluate the social structure damages of the area, three neighborhoods were selected in the region using cluster-spatial sampling. Then, using the survey method, the authors sought to collect the views of the inhabitants. In order to determine the sample size, the Cochran's formula was used. The results of this study indicate that the vulnerability of the region in terms of the physical structure is moderate and downward. Additionally, the social vulnerability of the area is also above average. Finally, the factors influencing the vulnerability of physical and social structure were investigated. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the indicators of population and construction density are the most important factors affecting vulnerability from experts' viewpoint. In addition, it was revealed that education and awareness, resiliency against security-military threats, skill and expertise, respectively, are the effective indicators of the vulnerability of the social structure of the area.
Dr Bahman Shafii, Dr Hamid Barghi, Dr Yusef Ghanbari,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the social, economic, and environmental effects of drought from the viewpoint of villagers, with the structural equation modeling approach. The purpose of this study is of applied research type, and is essentially a descriptive-correlation research. The population of the study, 1762 heads of households and sample size were determined according to Cochran formula, 316 people. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). In this research, the observed variables were obtained for three components: economic, social, and environmental. Three first-factor factor analysis models were designed, measured, and validated for measuring three sub-scale droughts. Finally, the role and effect of observed variables and their triple components derived from the drought, as the main hidden dependent variable, and the relationships between them, were analyzed with the help of a structural model of the factor-factor analysis (CFA) of the quadratic factor of the second order. The results of the fitting and validation of all three models of drought measurement, and the realization of goals, as well as the quadratic model of second order, were evaluated based on the data for drought evaluation. Finally, drought affected by socioeconomic and social indicators of 0. 97, and environmental index was 0. 87, so the drought in the studied villages areas had the greatest impact on economic and social indicators, and As a result, it has been placed on an environmental index.
Habibollah Fasihi,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
In urban planning, proper distribution of facilities and educational services is important, because only if there is an equity in the distribution of services and land uses, it will be possible for all residents to take advantage from them. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the spatial distribution of schools and the accessibility of households to public education schools in 20th district of Tehran. The research method was descriptive-analytical based on the data and information provided by the education departments. In order to analyzing the spatial distribution of schools we used spatial analysis models in GIS including the nearest neighboring index; multi-spatial analysis and Moran index. Buffer technique has been used to analyze access to public education schools. Findings showed that all the schools at different levels from primary, secondary, to vocational schools had a cluster pattern of spatial distribution. The distribution of public education schools (primary and first period of secondary schools) had a more clustered pattern compared to the specialized schools. 29.9% of the area was not inside the access area of boys' elementary schools. The out of access area of girls' elementary schools, first period boys' high schools and the girls' ones were 6,27, 13/7 and 3/7 percent respectively. While some parts of the study region were outside of schools access areas, In some other parts, 5 access areas of elementary schools and 7 access area of first period high schools were overlaid. This also reflects the unequal spatial distribution of schools in the region.
Behnaz Amin Nayeri, Yaghoub Peyvastehgar,
Volume 20, Issue 56 (3-2020)
Abstract
With the increasing population in cities, particularly big cities, demand for public goods and services increased too. But, due to certain political-economic structure of the country, often the rates of supplies growth have been less than the demands’. The high-demand applications such as educational, for many reasons including, Lack of cities’ coordination executive bodies, financial problems and lack of education sector officials with scientific procedures for locating schools, faced with many problems to meet the needs of the students. In large urban areas like Tehran, for various reasons such as high population density and scarcity of land, these problems intensified. Fast, timely and appropriate accessibility to these training centers is very important and necessary in every community, especially in urban areas. And the equitable distribution of these centers in the city led to the establishment of spatial equity and social justice, which is an urban sustainable development objectives. The aim of this research is to evaluate the locating of training centers in primary schools in the district in order to achieve spatial justice. The type of research is practical, based on the purpose of thstudy, and the research method is descriptive-analytic. The data collection method is also documentary-survey. In order to weigh the criteria, experts have been used in the ANP model, and by Using the capabilities and features of geographical information system including: combining maps, raster calculator, network analysis and etc. has been done. Finally, after the implementation of VIKOR sample, the priority areas were identified for building elementary schools. The final output analysis obtained by this method in addition to determining of the compatibility or incompatibility of primary schools in the city will located the optimal sites for building new elementary schools.
Ali Shamai, Mahsa Delfannasab, Mohammad Porakrami,
Volume 20, Issue 59 (12-2020)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting housing prices in the Laleh Park district of Tehran. In this study, the data of all real estate traded in the first six months of the year 2016 was used in the study area. Information about the physical properties of the residential units trained is collected from the Real Estate Market Information System of Iran and is used to obtain information on the accessibility features of residential units traded using ARC GIS software. Multivariate regression analysis has also been used to investigate the factors affecting housing prices. The results of this study showed that the physical factors of housing are more effective than the access factors in the housing prices in this district . Among the selected features, the variables of residential area, parking, and skeletal type had the most positive effect on the price of housing in the area under study. On the other hand, some of the features, such as the distance from the residential unit to the nearest main street, the residential unit to the nearest educational user, the residential unit distance to the nearest health care provider, and the residential unit's age, had a negative effect on the housing price in the Laleh Park district .
Dr Ali Movahed, Dr Ali Shamai, Mis Mahnaz Bahmani,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Leisure is an integral part of everyday life in today's world. Today, leisure is a new social arena in which various factors influence. Understanding these factors and examining their role and their impact on active (external) and inactive (external) leisure has been a major part of proper city management since this day. Therefore, in this study, using exploratory method, we sought to identify the factors affecting leisure time in district 22 of Tehran. This is a cross-sectional, applied research. The method of data collection is survey and its tool is a questionnaire. This study, using inferential statistical methods and SPSS software and statistical analysis such as correlation, regression and t-test, attempted to analyze the relationship between independent research variables (functional, security, aesthetic, transportation, economic, biological). Environment and infrastructure facilities) and the dependent variable (active and inactive leisure time), to identify the maximum impact and the least impact of the variables. The results showed that the effect and correlation of factors on leisure time (active and inactive) were different. In other words, indoor or passive leisure time is less affected by the external environment and context. But on the other hand, leisure time active or foreign in the 22nd district of Tehran is strongly influenced by background conditions and the external environment. Aesthetic variables and infrastructure facilities have the highest relationship with active leisure time and economic, performance and economic components have the least impact. In the passive leisure time, most of the impact factor is related to infrastructure and least to economic component.
Mr Mohammad Valaei, Dr Abdollah Abdollahi, Mr Aghil Khaleghi, Mis Eynaz Skandarzadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Livestock farming is one of the most important activities in rural areasand most villagers, along with agriculture and horticulture, are engaged in animal husbandry (Livestock storage) and some products of the villagers in the agriculture and horticulture sector are devoted to livestock feeding, and others are consumed or sold, such as lob bits, live meat and etc. The purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of livestock economics on sustainable rural development. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method. Library and field studies have been used to collect data. The study area is East Gavdoul District in the Malekan County. According to the census of this region, there were 2306 households and 7468 inhabitants in 2016. According to the Cochran formula, 283 households were selected as the statistical sample of the research. This sample was randomly selected from households with livelihood economics. To analyze data on inferential statistics, one-sample t-test, regression, analysis and performance diagrams were used. The results of this study showed that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between livestock economy and sustainable rural development with a correlation of 0.400 and significance level of 0.30; So, for the dimensions of livestock economics, the economic sector with the impact of 0.743 and the social sector with the impact of 0.355 have the most impact on the sustainable rural development in the region. Also, the physical section with an impact value of 0.176 has had the lowest level of impact on sustainable rural development in the region. The general results of the research show that the economic sector with 0.41% and the social sector with 0.31% have a positive effect on the development and expansion of th
e livestock economy of the area.
Afshar Hatami, Farzaneh Sasanpour, Alberto Ziparo, Mohammad Soleymani,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Increased urbanization, population growth and socio-economic and environmental problems besides growth and development of ICT at the global level are the sign of the 21st century. The contradiction between economic growth and environmental protection, encountering ultra-modern citizens with industrial cities and lack of responsibility to current citizens has led to a smart sustainable city that thanks to ICT such as IoT following to solve mentioned problems. This paper beside introducing smart sustainable approach as a counterpoint to Neoliberal approach, assessing emergence, evolution, aspects, indices, and differences between similar approaches like smart city. This research from the view of aim is basic research and from the view of nature and research method is descriptive analytic one. The results of the research indicate that also there is no universal definition of smart sustainable city, but there is an agreement on the final goal to obtain sustainable development. The reason for this necessity is the third wave of sustainability and crisis of social, economic and environmental challenges in the context of the cities. Also, primary focus of these definitions is equity and social inclusiveness, quality of life, efficiency, flexible infrastructure, ICT and environment protection. Furthermore, there was such a futuristic gap in the definition of smart sustainable city that a new definition presented based on future study approach. In contrast to similar approaches, the core of the smart sustainable city is ICT and environment protection. Also, results shows that for implementation of this aprroah inaddtion to use theory of change, future study and systems theory, should consider the slogan of “think globaly and act localy” and localization of smart sustainable approach based on social, economic, political and futuristic condition of Iranian metropolises.
Seyed Hossein Shahed, Bijan Rahmani, Pegah Moridsadat,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Today, tourism and related jobs, with job creation, improved quality of life, income distribution and optimal utilization of resources, and thus plays an important role in rural economic development in rural development. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to explain the components of tourism and sustainable entrepreneurship development in the rural areas of the central part of Hamadan. Research, Purpose, and Methodology The statistical population of this study was calculated according to the statistical yearbook of Hamedan province in 1395 with 524688 people (23476 households). Taken. The results show that rural tourism in the area by creating employment, increasing income levels, diversification of economic activities, social relationships spread between the host community and visitors to the protection of cultural heritage and natural environment has helped to prevent the inappropriate migration and Optimization of The earth helps sustainable rural development and, among other things, enhances government support (such as insurance, transit facilities, etc.). The tourism sector "," facilitate the setting up of tourism businesses in terms of time and cost "," reduce environmental pollution and promote environmental health in rural areas (waste management and garbage collection, sanitation, ... »greatest impact Has a range of studies on tourism development and entrepreneurship.
Mr Mohammadreza Mirsaeedi, Dr Moslem Seyed Alhossaini, Dr Fereshteh Ahmadi, Dr Amir Hossain Shabani,
Volume 21, Issue 61 (6-2021)
Abstract
Generally speaking the existence of metropolises, alongwith the high various business districts have led to high valume of travels to these centers.The density and separation of these centers brings about the increase and the decrease of the vehicles. The adoption of location determination strategies and that of the comunicational centers and the city activities has made the cities continue the developement process while cosidering the fairly service destribution and the spatial equalities.The goal of this research is the recognition and determination of the city spatial organization working centers and activity model and the relation of service functioning with one another so that the mono central and poly central cities can have a important effect on the destribution system and service centers and the vast changes of the citizens .The analysis method is a kind of quantity and quality one. In the quality part of that the descriptive statistics ( the geometrical presentation , graphical disparation, the centralism measures) and the Hansen Model. In the areas of planning, a great difference is seen in the levels of land uses so that the land use of higher educations in the western metropolitan city of Mashhad area is 84 percent while that of the eastern area is 3 percent. It is the same about the equipped medicinal, commercial and green space areas.Only in the areas of managerial levels there is a relative balance. Finaly the city is devided by three areas throughwhich while considering the employment , the developement potential and distance , the land use determining rate was found out.
Dr Mandana Habibi, Dr Hosein Mojtabazadeh,
Volume 21, Issue 61 (6-2021)
Abstract
A review of the history of the Islamic period reveals that concepts such as Islamic values and principles have always been one of the foundations of Islamic cities. This has made the Islamic city a space for the development of other Islamic fundamental concepts and principles. However, with the emergence of modern thinking and the emergence of numerous movements, we have seen that many of these are distorted. considering the historical background, values and factors present, district 20 in Tehran, is of no exception. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of how each of the factors of the Islamic city influence the perception of the inhabitants of this historical district of Tehran. To achieve this goal, a conceptual model of the research was first developed using the literature as well as the research context in which the three main physical, social and validity dimensions were considered for Islamic urban planning. Subsequently, using a questionnaire survey and its analysis by structural equation modeling, the effect of each of these factors on their indicators was put forth as the research findings. The results of the analysis indicate that the "validity" factors have the most impact on people's perception of the Islamic city, while the "social and civil" and "physical" factors are less influential.
Mr Jamaleddin Honarvar,
Volume 21, Issue 61 (6-2021)
Abstract
Today, the process of developing and constructing educational spaces tends to be more inclined to physical dimensions and is painted against human beings and their characteristics. The result is a disconnect between the students' relationship with the schools in particular and the educational environment in general. As such, they consider their students to be less part of the high school and feel less attached to it. The purpose of this study is to focus on designers 'view of the semantic levels of the school environment that can influence students' sense of place. The research method was descriptive, analytical and survey using spss software and Lisrel 8.8. This study uses the confirmatory factor analysis technique to determine whether the number of factors and loads of variables measured on these factors are consistent with what is specified in the theory. According to the results of confirmatory factor analysis, the standardized coefficients are acceptable and relatively large. Through the SEM structural model, it was estimated that the highest correlation and consistency between subjective factor with factor loadings of 0.76 and physical component rank second. With a factor load of 0.63 and finally the educational component with a standard coefficient of 0.58 establishes and promotes a sense of belonging in high schools. At the end of the conceptual model the research was mapped using structural equation modeling and by regression it was concluded that subjective, physical and educational components predict 43% of the variance in sense of belonging in Tehran high schools.
