Mokhtar Karami,, Rahman Zandi,, Jalal Taheri,
Volume 20, Issue 56 (3-2020)
Abstract
In recent years with the development of cities coatings of the Earth's has changed surface. These changes have caused some urban areas to have a few degrees higher than the surrounding temperature. This phenomenon is known as thermal islands. Mashhad is one of the major metropolises in Iran with the problem of thermal islands. Various parameters affect the formation of thermal islands in this city that should be considered. In this study TM, ETM+ and OLI images were used to obtain surface temperature over the period 1987-2016. The study of temporal variations in surface temperature showed that in the studied period, thermal islands were transferred from outside the city to the city. The model for describing the temperature of the surface of the earth has changed and has diminished from the temperature of the city's moderate and cool temperatures, and in contrast, the amount of high temperatures (thermal islands) has increased significantly. The TOPSIS method was also used to obtain the thermal forming factors. 13 natural and human factors affecting the formation of thermal islands were identified. Each expert opinion factor was used to determine the degree of importance. According to experts, the distance from the sanctuary with a weight of %234 and traffic of %155 is the most important and the height with a weight of %022 is least important in the formation of thermal islands. The final results obtained from this model showed that the factors affecting the formation of thermal islands are well recognized and the temperature decreases with these factors.
Dr Hadi Soleimani Moghadam, Dr Rahman Zandi, Mr Ebrahim Akbari,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Spatial Zoning and Analysis of Urban Poverty via Spatial Analysis (Case Study: Mashhad City)
Abstract
Examining the degree of poverty in every community is the first step taken towards planning for fighting against poverty and deprivation. With understanding the poverty change process over time, planners can make the necessary decisions. The present study aims to investigate the spatial zoning and analysis of urban poverty in Mashhad City. To this end, necessary data were collected and employed from various sources. The final map was obtained from the integration and overlapping of effective criteria in urban poverty zoning using the experts' viewpoints and reviewing the research background with emphasis on GIS spatial analysis. According to the final map, 33.05% of Mashhad’s area enjoys very good conditions in terms of the study criteria of zoning urban poverty. This area covers Felestin, Sajjad, Goharshad, Razi, Baharan, Valiasr, Fareghotahsilan, Hafez, Isargaran etc. areas. The second rank (covering 18.75% of the city’s area), indicating the appropriate situation, includes Elahiyyeh, Janbaz, Tarbiat, Honarvar, etc. areas. The third rank (covering 19.28% of the city’s area) is in moderate conditions, including different areas of the city including Railway, Northern Tabarsi, Vahdat, Amir Abad, Keshavarz and Mo’oud areas. The fourth rank (covering 8.46% of the city’s area) is in the inappropriate situation, covering areas such as Sis Abad, Eivan and some parts of District 7. The fifth rank (covering 20.43% of the city’s area), is in very poor conditions, consisting of Jahed Shahr, Abu Zar, Rabat, Enghelab, Baharestan, Panjtan Al-e-Aba, Shahid Ghorbani and Mehdi Abad areas.
