Showing 24 results for Nation
Fereydoon . Babaei Aghdam, Rahim Rahim Heydari Chianeh, Qassem Rahimifard,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of destination image and service quality on the competitiveness of tourism destinations studied: Tabriz city was written. This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population consisted of incoming tourists to the city of Tabriz, the sample size of which was estimated to be 384 using the Cochran's formula for an unlimited population. In order to collect field information, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, the validity of which was confirmed by experts. Cronbach's alpha method and combined reliability were also used to evaluate the reliability, and the results of these tests confirmed the reliability of the questionnaire used. In order to analyze the data and information of this research, SPSS and LISREL software were used. The results of the research hypotheses showed that the destination image and service quality have a positive and significant effect on the competitiveness of tourism destinations. According to the path coefficient obtained for these two independent variables, the effect of the destination image variable on the competitiveness of tourism destinations was higher than the quality of services.
Dr Ahmad Rashidi Nejad, Dr Murad Kaviani Rad, Dr Afshin Mottaghi,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
Security complex represents a unique group of countries where the process of "security building" and "making insecure" or both for this group of countries are increasingly related with each other. In other words, their main security concern is so intertwined that their security problems cannot be solved independently. Thus conceived, "hydropolitic complexes" include those countries which are geographically the owner and from technical point of view, are the user of part of the shared river. In fact, a group of the countries which are considered to be part of a region due to their water resources (rivers, lakes and aquifers), would have no common geographical borders but their "national security" and "hydropolitic security" are so interrelated that their security and hydropolitc problems cannot be resolved without their cooperation. The methodology of current descriptive-analytic study focused on Mesopotamia and Hirmand drainage basins (in parts of Iran), is grounded on the hypothesis that in a hydropolitic complex in the same way that the threatening of water security of each one of the member states might lead to the threatening of national security of other members, some threats can be posed against the water security of each one of the member states due to the threatening of the national security of other members. The data required for this research have been collected using library sources (books, journals and internet). The results of this study showed that how hydropolitic security is endangered following the eruption of insecurity in Afghanistan. At Tigris and Euphrates Basin, the climate changes and Turkey's inattention to hydropolitic security of Syria (by closing the floodgates of the dams) provided the ground for the emergence of internal crisis in Syria, and its reverberations posed serious threats against the security of Turkey, Iraq and Iran.
Hassan Kamran Dastjerdi, Ali Akbar Razavi Hosseinabad, Kyomarth Yazdanpanah,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
The country of Iran, with its geopolitical foundations, which is influenced by its geography, has always been the focus of the countries of the world, especially the world powers, throughout history. The use of this capacity and conditions for the economic prosperity of the country depended on the ability of the statesmen and the type and structure of the government systems in formulating foreign policy, and how effective they were in changing the social environment and the way of economic livelihood of the people. In a fundamental and theoretical way, this thesis has analyzed the formulation and presentation of the national strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on its geopolitical characteristics.
The results of this research show that the spirit that governs it according to the structure it entails (statehood), is economic regardless of geographical and geopolitical infrastructure, and this field of foreign policy has not only failed to achieve success, but is also passive. And it has become introspective and stopped from being effective and dynamic. While looking at Iran's geopolitical and geographical foundations, we find that its geopolitical position does not have a global effect and is not below the regional level.
Mohammad Najarzadeh, Aliakbar Bidokhti, Jamal Moradnejad,
Volume 15, Issue 36 (6-2015)
Abstract
According to WTTC (World Tourism and Travel Council) forecast tourism contribution of global GDP will be about 6000 billion dollar in 2020 and will create 300 million job Therefore, Tourism could be considered as multidimensional field that response to tourists needs with diversity interests and motivations. Shopping is the most necessity needs and it is the one popular activity for tourists. Border regions facilitate this activity because they have two potentials: appropriate geographical situation and non-favorite economic condition for host community. One of the best and most popular border cities in Iran country is Baneh that placed in the west boundaries between Iran and Iraq country. Region’s Economy extremely depends on tourism shopping and majority of the host community directly or indirectly involved in that bussiness. Therefore, we can connect tourist's satisfaction with welfare and/or economical condition improvement. As, if it realize positively, region will develop in close future. This paper aims to evaluate performance of factors influencing tourists overall satisfaction in the Baneh border city due to important of development issue. Here, factors divided into two categories: shopping factors and tourism environmental factors. This research has followed a practical object, a descriptive approach with Field- Survey type in the method. Statistical population included tourists who have traveled to baneh city to purchase mainly. Matching to Morgan's table 400 tourist as statistical sample have selected and the questionnaire give to them randomly. The tools for gathering were base on two method, early data (from the field- survey study) and secondary data (from the library studies). An analysis of the results revealed that, in thematic destinations, in addition to factors related to specific Theme (Subject) that they were more influencing, The tourism environmental factors also can influence on the tourist total satisfaction . In sumery, this research aims to examine amount of satisfaction factors impact on the overall satisfaction. Finally, suggestions for relevant governmental institutes are provided.
Siamak Baharvand, Salman Soori,
Volume 17, Issue 44 (3-2017)
Abstract
Landslide mapping is one of the approaches (which can be) used to define the slope stable critical areas and the maps prepared based on this demarcating are used in desining sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to compare the landslide susceptibility mapping models based on Fuzzy logic, Information value and area Density applied in the Chamsangar watershed. According to the tectonic and Iran old basins divisions, this basin is a part of folded Zagros. To study the stability of slopes in the Chamsang field, in first step the sliding point and subsequent distribution maps of landslide were prepared using satellite images and field visits (recording the sliding points by GPS). in this study, Landslide-related factors such slope, aspect, altitude, lithology, rainfall, landuse and distance from the road and drainage used in the landslide susceptibility analyses. To assess and classify was there models outputs the Sum of Quality (QS) index used. Results show that area Density model with QS=1.85 is the more suitable than Information value model with QS=1.60 and Fuzzy logic with QS=0.554 based on the out put of the area Density model, the 36.31, 44.78, 16.62, 1.65, and 0.63 percent of the area is located in very low, low, medium, high and very high risk classes, respectively.
Dr. Morad Kavianirad, Dr Yadollah Karimi Pour, Dr. Hedayat Fahmi, Mr. Sadegh Karami,
Volume 17, Issue 46 (9-2017)
Abstract
Efforts to provide security have always been of great importance to human being. In recent decades, the security issues of climate change have attracted attentions due to its sustainable consequences on the lives and civilization of humans. Among all countries, the ones which are placed in draught belt, like our country Iran, have hurt a lot because of low precipitations and also mismanagements in water resources control. Climate change show itself by changes in precipitation patterns, reduction of precipitation and increasing of temperature. According to the present data, Iran's central drainage basin which consists of important geopolitical provinces, has been affected by the above mentioned factors. This descriptive-analytic research is carried out based on the effects of climate change on Iran's central basin which provides approximately 48 percent of Iran’s GDP. Continuity of climate changes in this region can make critical problems in social, environmental, economic and political scales and the lives of the citizens would be affected as well. To conclude, the persistence of the current conditions in climate change in the central drainage basin of Iran, would result in challenges through the national stability and security.
Naseh Qaderi, Bohloul Alijani, Zahra Hejazizadeh, Mohammad Saligheh,
Volume 18, Issue 48 (3-2018)
Abstract
Wheat is the main focus of the economy of Kurdistan province in which the annual fluctuation of wheat yield is 4/11 times as affected by the climatic elements of the site. This study investigated the role of agro-climatic variables and indices on rainfed wheat yield in Kurdistan province. The data of planting area, amount of production, damages and yield of wheat of 31-year in 10 regions of Kurdistan along with the hourly, daily, decade, monthly, seasonal and yearly levels data of 22 synoptic stations were collected. The correlation between wheat yield and 128 independent variables was calculated. The effect of variables on yield evaluated by multivariate regression. The spatial analysis of variables was performed and the spatial model of wheat yield was introduced for province and regions. The results showed that climatic elements in various regions are different, in a 99% confidence. Most of the independent variables alone have a significant effect on wheat yield, but in the stepwise model, 7 variables such as: the number of rainy days of the year, the sum of the degree hours (of temperature less than -11 ° C) in germination and tilling stage, annual precipitation and the precipitation of November are determinants of the yield. Yield and effective independent variables have significant spatial differences even in a cluster climate type. The highest and lowest coefficient of variation of wheat yield is related to Bijar and Kamyaran areas, respectively. Kamyaran and Sanandaj regions have the highest and lowest yield, respectively. Bijar is the highest risk region of the province for wheat production.
The results of this study showed that with a 99 percent confidence, climatic elements (variables) vary in different regions. Most of the independent variables have a significant effect on wheat yield in simple linear regression, but in Stepwise method, due to the internal correlation between variables, just variables entered that have insignificant correlation with each other and have more effects than other variables. The variables affecting the performance are differentin various regions, and from the point of view of effectiveness, the arrangement of the variables in different areas vary too. In other words, even in two regions with a climatic type (based on the Modified De Martonne method), both agro-climatic indices and wheat yield are significantly different. The impact of effective variables on yield at any time and place depends on the time of year and the phonological stage of wheat. At one time the environmental conditions of different regions in terms of temperature, humidity and precipitation differ, based on phonological stages of the regions. The time of the vulnerability of wheat varies from place to place. Wheat vulnerability at flowering stage is more than other stages. The effect of independent variables on yield at different times of year is proportional to the phonological stage in years Different and different in different regions. In Kurdistan province, the number of rainy days of the year, total degree hours the temperature reaches below -11 °C (sum of hours with below -11 °C temperature) from germination to tillering stage, the annual precipitation, the rainfall in the fifth decade of the water year (the precipitation of 11-20 of November), annual relative humidity and total degree hours the temperature reaches above 30°Ctemperature (sum of hours with above 30 °C temperature) in milky and dough stage is the determinants of the production of rainfed wheat. In Baneh and Marivan areas, the coefficient of variation (CV) is lower and in Bijar and Divandareh regions CV is more than other regions. Kamyaran region has the highest yield, Baneh and Marivan were ranked secondjointly. Sanandaj and then Bijarhave the lowest yield. Each region has a model for wheat yield and determinant factors vary from region to region. Although the annual production of Bijar is higher than other areas, wheat production in the Bijar region has a higher risk than other areas.
Amir Saffari, Tayebeh Kiani, Sasan Zangenehtabar,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
Karstic zones play an important role in feeding the karstic aquifers؛ therefore, recognizing the factors affecting the karst mutation and its zonation in the field of studies concerned with karst water resources is of great concern. The results of these studies can be applied to quantitative and qualitative management and protection of these resources against the pollutions coming from human activities. Karst mass of Khorin with an area of 396.5 square kilometers is located in elevated Zagros zone at the boundary of two provinces, Kurdistan and Kermanshah. Because of the outcrops of carbonate rocks and the presence of other variables, this mass in which there are many springs as karst aquifer outputs is susceptible of Karstification. Thus, identifying the karstic shapes as well as studying the geomorphology of karst and its development in the karst mass of Khorin is very significant. In this relief different forms of karst landscape including a variety of Lapies, sinkholes, caves, etc. have formed. Here, lithological layers, distance from faults, precipitation, temperature, slope, elevation, direction and plants were fuzzy considering the required function for each and then were combined using 0.9 gamma operator. At the end, the zonation map of surface karst development was prepared. This map was classified into four classes of without karst, karst with low development, karst with medium development and karst with high development through natural fractures method. Regarding the need for the layer of sinkholes, to study the accuracy of karst development zonation in the area under the survey, karst sinkholes were identified and their spatial distribution map was prepared using the Fill sink method. The results of this study indicate that about 98% of sinkholes are situated in the classes of triple karst.
Morad Kaviani Rad, Afshin Mottaghi, Hadi Zarghani, Hasan Sadrania,
Volume 19, Issue 55 (12-2019)
Abstract
One of the problems in analyzing hydro-political relations in the system of international rivers is that the same factors can create a wide range of conflict or cooperation, and even an identical variable may play a different role in relation to other variables in each coastal country; Therefore, the recognition of the variables and the role that each variable has in developing a pattern of analysis of opportunities and risks for countries that share transboundary waters with other countries is essential. Iran is in the Harirud basin shared with Afghanistan. The presence of this basin in a dry and semi-arid strip of world has caused Iran's dependence on the water of Harirud to provide water to the east and northwest, and especially to the metropolis of Mashhad. Therefore, the research question is: What are the variables and indicators effective on the Strategic Importance of Harirud for Iran? For this purpose, 86 indicators were identified using library and field studies and categorized in geographical-geopolitical, technical-economical, and political-social variables in expert meetings with experts. After identifying the most important variables using the Delphi method, the role of each variable in the structural analysis of the variables has been investigated with the help of the Micmac software. The results indicate that geopolitical -geographical variables are the most effective and Most impressive variables, and indicators of the importance of Harirud for drinking water, food security, security of water resources and Afghanistan's position in Iran's foreign policy, strategic indicators for the importance of Heriud for Iran.
Parviz Ziaiian Firouz Abadi, Ayoub Badragh Nejad, Reza Sarli, Mahboub Babaie,
Volume 20, Issue 57 (6-2020)
Abstract
Rivers are the natural flow of surface waters that flow in a certain bed seasonal or permanently. Rivers include a vast range of narrow waterways and with mountainous high steep to low steep and wide beds flowing in plains. However, rivers have had an effective role in urban development and human civilization, therefore, identification of flood prone areas and flood part in the potent lower fields of Birjand watershed would lead to aid feeding the artificial environment of the water shed and would also lead to increase of quality in the environment fields. The purpose of this study is to identify the environment about the river and evaluating the danger in case of occurrence of flood crisis. All of the processes and analyses of data were performed in the GIS atmosphere utilizing the three methods of saw Fuzzy, AHP and Boleyn logic for weighting data such as (gradient, erosion, land application, watershed system, soil, geological fault distribution, quaternary unit, level of underground waters, and satellite imagery) and the potent areas in terms of confronting danger were located. The results of the study showed that the areas that the effort for exploiting floods was made have characteristics such as (existence of alluvium and colluvium sediments in the high steep feet of the slopes and watersheds with major stone occurrences, existence of fan-shaped sediments and alluvial fan in the external aperture of dry rivers and water ways with mountainous watersheds and hills leading to low steep fields, existence of low fields from the manner of altitude in proportionate to fields near). Finally, the best model that could present a better evaluation and conclusion about this matter was the Boleyn logic model in locating the flood part.
Mehdi Mohammadi Kuchesfahani, Mohammad Jalili, Mahmoud Nouraie,
Volume 20, Issue 58 (9-2020)
Abstract
Despite Iran's capabilities in the field of tourism, unfortunately, it has not been able to achieve a worthy position in this industry. One of the factors that can develop and improve the country's tourism industry is the use of effective marketing tools and parameters, including introverted marketing. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of the study consisted of incoming tourists to hotels and restaurants active in the city of Rasht who were active in social networks. The sample size was estimated to be 384 using the Cochran's formula. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed as qualitative and quantitative validity and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha method and combined reliability. In this study, in order to analyze the research data from the software SPSS and Amose were used. The findings of this study showed that the components of social construction, social listening and online content of introverted marketing have a positive and significant effect on the intention of electronic advertising. The results of this study also showed that the components of introverted marketing, ie social construction, social listening and online content have a positive and significant effect on the selection of tourism destinations. Other results of this study can be the positive and significant effect of advertising intentions on the choice of tourism destinations and also the mediating role of this variable in the relationship between the components of introverted marketing with the selection of tourism destinations.
Mr Salman Feizi, Dr. Rahim Heydari, Dr. Shahrivar Rostaei,
Volume 20, Issue 59 (12-2020)
Abstract
Tourism is an strategy for increasing the community revitalization of encouraging social revival and improving living conditions in urban areas. Accordingly, urban development planners focus on new tools in their planning strategies to achieve these benefits and move towards new concepts such as branding. Such an approach has added to the importance of branding in urban tourism development. In this research, efforts have been made to evaluate the impact of branding on tourism development and its dimensions in the Tabriz metropolitan area. The present study based on the purpose is the applied research and in terms of method is descriptive-analytical research. The statistical population of this study is tourists entering the city of Tabriz in 2018. The required sample size was considered using Cochran formula and 384 people. The questionnaire used in the research has been constructed by the researcher whose indices are derived from relevant studies and literature and then localized. Validity and reliability of the research model and analysis of the data were done using structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis in Smart PLS software. The research findings showed that destination branding has a positive and significant impact on the development of urban tourism and its dimensions (perceived value and benefits, support and participation and sustainability of tourism development) in Tabriz metropolitan area. The results also indicated that the branding of urban tourism destinations in metropolitan cities could increase the support of tourism through increased value and perceived benefits, thereby contributing to sustainability.
Mohsen Saghaei,
Volume 21, Issue 60 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract In present century the air transportation has had a very important role in relations between different countries of the world ,as exchanging of culture, showing the economical and military power and speeding the vital affairs of a country and in this case airports form a very critical role in the Air Transportation system An airport is the most infrastructural part of the transportation industry in each country. Therefore, recognizing the problems of this sector of the aviation industry is effective on expediting activities related to the transportation of passengers, the development of the flight network, the growth of the physical airport, reduction in air accidents and problems caused by the proximity to residential areas (colliding with residential areas and noise pollution). In this regard, the aim of the present study is to investigate the problems of Mehrabad International Airport as the most important airport for domestic flights from the aerodrome point of view and the flight network based on standard indices of the national aviation industry. Therefore, among the experts of the aviation industry (pilots, officials and personnel working at Mehrabad Airport), 240 individuals were selected as the sample and a researcher made questionnaire was distributed among them. The application of factor analysis model and SPSS and Lisrel software revealed that the most important problems of Mehrabad Airport are proximity to residential areas, causing noise pollution for residents around the airport, adjacent to the military airport, lack of proper distance from other airports, and its role as flight origin for domestic flights in the Iran’s national airline, totally explain 83.79 % of the common variance. Other variables have not been able to justify significant variance.
Hassan Kamran,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
"Governance" is one of the basic concepts that has attracted the attention of geo-political scientists, and there are contradictory views on this concept, which is one of the main and fundamentally important foundations of the science of geopolitics. The rule of law over higher power and superiority imply that no other legal authority is superior to it. Since the study of sovereignty in political geography is very important, therefore, it is necessary to examine its dimensions and spatial levels. Political geography focuses on the study of phenomena, processes and political currents, and emphasizes their geographic and spatial effects. One of the most important studies in political geography is the study of the country. Each country is made up of three elements of "nation, rule and land".. The linking factor of these three elements is "sovereignty". In political theories, they regard the sovereignty of that government and do not attribute it to any government or government agency alone. At the same time, in no political theory, the notion of sovereignty is not absolute, and it is believed that sovereignty must be exercised within the constitutional framework and in accordance with the law. Land is the space of the state, which, with the spatial scope of the territory, determines the sovereignty of the state, and as the physical container, it includes the body of the political organization. The present article seeks to elaborate on the fact that "sovereignty has different dimensions and levels". The present research is of fundamental type and has been done by descriptive-analytical method. Data collection method is library and computer. Also, data analysis is also qualitative.
Reyhaneh Salehabadi, Mr Mohammad Reza Hafeznia, Mr Seyyed Hadi Zarghani, Syrus Ahmadi,
Volume 22, Issue 66 (9-2022)
Abstract
The national strength of algebraic aggregation is a large number of positive and negative factors that are composed of numerous sources and resources. One of the important sources of national power in the world today and in the post-Cold War period is economic power, which is itself the bedrock of other superstructures, such as political, military, and so on. This research uses descriptive-analytical method and using library resources and field research to answer this question. What are the most important variables and indicators that shape economic power of countries? The findings of the research by examining library documents show that the four main components of economic power including infrastructure, production exchange, production level and financial resources can affect economic power. Meanwhile, 61 variables related to quadruple components were identified. Then, by using the Likert spectrum questionnaire, internal knowledge was measured to measure the importance of each of these variables. Accordingly, economic infrastructure, high-tech exports, food imports and international currency reserves were of high importance. On the other hand, variables such as the share of the poor in the consumption of national income, economic competition, foreign ownership, and commercial costs of violent crimes were of minor importance. Finally, it can be argued that countries have an obligation to take into account the factors and variables in the economic dimension to achieve their national interests and interests.
Alireza Mirzaei Qatarollar, Hassan Saberi, Hamid Reza Saidnia,
Volume 22, Issue 67 (12-2022)
Abstract
Previous research has acknowledged the importance of human resources in service companies by influencing the end customer and has shown that if internal marketing succeeds, external marketing will also develop, but describing this development is beyond the reach of purely quantitative or qualitative studies. . In this regard, simulation can come with the help of the humanities and identify the factors influencing the development of internal marketing. In this study, using the systems dynamics approach, factors affecting the success of internal marketing were investigated. The statistical population is all marketing experts at Fiberglass. Primary data were obtained through interviews with them and secondary data from company documentation. Dynamic drawing and modeling and final loop identification through VENSIM PLE software Four key loops were identified for the dynamic internal marketing model that included customer orientation, knowledge, satisfaction and motivation. And the results showed that if the identified four loops were supported and developed, internal marketing would have a high growth. Among these factors, customer orientation became more important to be achieved by developing a culture of customer orientation in organizations.
Mehdi Mododi Arkhudi, Sajad Ferdowsi,
Volume 23, Issue 69 (6-2023)
Abstract
In recent decades, rural tourism as a complementary activity of agriculture and animal husbandry has always been a factor in improving the economic conditions of rural residents. Based on this research was conducted to identify factors affecting the empowerment of rural tourism destinations. Data collection was done by using two methods of archiving and scrolling through interviews and questionnaires. The statistical population of the research includes archival sources related to the subject matter of the research as well as 13 persons of experts and experienced individuals. Content analysis and thematic analysis were used to analyze the qualitative data; also, quantitative data were analyzed using the Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (LFPP) method. The results showed that the dimensions of empowerment of rural tourism destinations include three dimensions of environmental, human resources, and local community, so that dimension of human resources with a weight of 0.0994 is more weight than other dimensions. Also, the dimension of the local community and environmental dimension were also ranked second and third respectively with a weight of 0.0989 and 0.0973. Meanwhile, the component of "effectiveness" in the dimension of "human resources" with a weight of 0.261, the "economic" component in the "local community" with a weight of 0.259, and the "aesthetic" component in the field of "environmental" with a weight of 0.254, accounted for the most.
Nasim Majidizanjani, Mostafa Mokhtabad Emraei, Iraj Etessm,
Volume 23, Issue 69 (6-2023)
Abstract
Since geographical space is a subjective space, due to the difference in the spatial cognation of different people, its perception can be changed from person to person. This cognation depends on the person's experiences of the environment and can be taught. On the other hand, the best age for this training is childhood. But this issue has received less attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of architectural experiences from the environment on the spatial cognation of students in Tehran. This research was conducted by quasi-experimental method. This was done by measuring the students' perspective perception and wayfinding ability before and after the architectural experiences of the environment. In this regard, pre-test and post-test were used together with the control group. The model used in this study was one-way analysis of covariance (ANOVA). The tests included measuring spatial cognation by perspective perspective drawing by sketching the landscape mental image and wayfinding tasks. For validity measurement, face validity was used and for reliability measurement, Cronbach's alpha was used, which is higher than 0.70 for spatial cognation and its dimensions. Significance in the effectiveness of architectural experiences of the environment in understanding the perspective and the wayfinding ability that are part of spatial knowledge, showed the development of students' cognation of geographical space.
Ali Rostami, Mohammad Aidi, Alireaza Slambolchi, Mohammadreza Rabiee Mandejin,
Volume 24, Issue 73 (6-2024)
Abstract
Tourism is now considered as one of the most important income industries of the world. Tourism as one of the main and basic approaches can be used in solving problems resulted from unemployment problems and downturn in different countries and the twenty-year vision of Iran specially consider tourism and attracting tourists. The huge volume of the tourists in the world are religious tourists and most of these religious tourists choose Mehran international border for entry and exit from Iran for doing pilgrimage and their religious affairs due to being safe and vicinity to The Holy of Holies in Iraq. This research aims at designing and explaining religious tourism model in Mehran International Border. Having determining the sample size qualitatively via snowball method, 14 experts of religious tourism including academics and trustees of religious tourism were recognized and they were interviewed directly and the research findings showed that religious tourism pattern in Mehran International Border has six main components including casual conditions (religious and tribal communities, provincial infrastructures, common border of Iraq and vicinity to The Holy of Holies, advertisements) categories (tourism and its subcategories, religious places in Iran and Iraq, security) grounds (commercial free zone in Mehran welfare and health services, economic part of religious tourism), interferer factors (political factors, conveying affairs to non-governmental sector, weather changes), strategies (cooperating with educational centers and universities, increasing governmental investing, using capacities of religious days) consequences & results (income and creating jobs, people’s persistence in border and non-immigration, cultural development of province, destruction of environmental, road and jungles of province) which could be introduced as a proper pattern for religious tourism in Mehran International Border according to the opinion of experts.
Keywords: tourism, religious tourism, pilgrimage, Mehran International Border.
*Corresponding author: Email: M.aidi@ilam.ac.ir
Habibeh Nabi Zadeh, Elham Cheraghi, Seyyed Moein Moosavi Nadoshan,
Volume 24, Issue 74 (9-2024)
Abstract
Considering the factors affecting the conversion of places and destinations to the tourism brand of the prevalence of tourism development in each region. Because these factors play an important role in the conversion of tourism destinations, and on the other hand, the conversion of a destination to its tourism brand is also a factor in developing more tourism in purposes. Considering the importance of this issue, the present study aimed to investigate the factors and stimuli effect on increasing the transformation of urban and rural areas to tourism brand in Guilan province. The present research is in terms of purpose, applied and method of doing it. The data collection tool and the questionnaire and interview information. The statistical population of the research is experts and tourism specialists in Guilan province, using targeted sampling method, 50 experts were selected as samples. To answer the research questions, the binary logistics model and qualitative analysis were used. The results of the research indicate that linear and meaningful communication has existed with the factors and stimuli of the research with the conversion of urban and rural places to the tourism brand. Also, the results showed that among the five factors in question, three factors of diversity of job opportunities, culture and natural assets and local infrastructure have had the most effects on the transformation of urban and rural areas in Guilan province for tourism brand.
