Mr Alireza Shojaei Nouri, Dr Gholamreza Janbazghobadi, Dr Sadrodin Motevalli,
Volume 0, Issue 0 (3-1921)
Abstract
Coastal environmental degradation as a result of Caspian Sea water level fluctuation are very probable and human behaviors in non-optimal choice of the land use locate intensify these losses. Coastal tourism, as one of the coastal land uses is heavily influenced by fluctuations in sea level in both marine transgression-regression statuses. In current study, to investigate the Caspian Sea water level fluctuation impacts on coastal land use and urban tourism (Noor and Royan Cities), at first, sea level historical recorded data in Baku, Bandar Anzali and Nowshahr tide gauge stations were studied during 1840 to 2019. Landsat and Sentinel-2 satellite images and histogram filtering were used to extract the shorelines corresponding to the mentioned levels. Survey the tide gauge data showed that the lowest and highest water levels were recorded in 1977 (-28.5 meter) and 1993 (25.24 meter), respectively. According to the latest water level data, its value on November 2019 has reached the lowest level in the last three decades (-27.31 meter). 214 hectares of coastal lands of Noor and Royan Cities have been submerged due to the Caspian Sea water level rising from 1977 to 1995. Analyzing the Royan city land use in relation to the shoreline of July 1995 shows that 11 city blocks have went beyond this shoreline and have expanded to the sea. Interesting facts about these 11 blocks is that they are residential and tourism land uses. Also, in the coastal zone of Noor city, three important utilities of coastal tourism, including groin built in the breakwater of Noor recreational port, Negin Noor coastal complex and floating pier of Aryan Hotel, are the most important utilities related to Caspian Sea water level fluctuation that their performance is strongly influenced by these fluctuations.
Asghar Teymouri, Dr Jamileh Tavakolinia, Dr Abolfazl Meshkini,
Volume 22, Issue 65 (6-2022)
Abstract
Increasing urbanization in the urbanized world has posed major challenges to the sustainability of metropolitan areas, especially in developing countries in various aspects of sustainable development, and has provided them with the prospect of unsustainable development. Excessive land use and its consequent land use changes and land cover are one of the environmental problems caused by the high concentration of population and activity in metropolitan areas. This study is an applied one in order to monitor the environmental changes caused by spatial expansion of Tehran metropolitan area by descriptive-analytical method and by using remote sensing and GIS techniques land use changes and land cover caused by spatial expansion of Tehran metropolis. Has evaluated and analyzed Tehran. The results indicate that the area of land increased from 34316.1 hectares in 1365 to 68252 67.95 in 1595/6117 hectares related to changes in agricultural lands, orchards and water area. Be it. The results of the Markov Chain Model prediction of the probability of land use changes and land cover up to 1405 also indicate that land use and land cover changes will continue in favor of constructed lands. It is concluded that Tehran's metropolitan area has expanded beyond the demographic and ecological thresholds and has led to a significant structural disruption to the environment by moving toward the natural environment. Accordingly, the need to pay attention to new approaches to urban development as well as to provide decentralization scenarios can be a major step towards resolving environmental problems caused by over-spatial expansion.
