Volume 12, Issue 46 And 795 (9-2025)
Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards 2025, 12(46 And 795): 49-66 |
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Asdalahi E, Akbary M, Hejazizadeh Z. Seasonal distribution analysis of widespread torrential rains in Iran. Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards 2025; 12 (46 and 795) : 3
URL: http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3482-en.html
URL: http://jsaeh.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3482-en.html
1- Kharazmi University , Tehran
2- Kharazmi University , Tehran ,mehryakbary@gmail.com
2- Kharazmi University , Tehran ,
Abstract: (2297 Views)
Objective: The main goal of this research is to identify and analyze the seasonality of the most widespread Torrential rains in Iran during the years 1940 to 2023.
Methods: To achieve this goal, precipitation data was obtained from the ECMWF database with a spatial resolution of 0.25 by 0.25 degrees of arc for the Iranian region during the study period. The next step was to calculate the threshold of torrential precipitation for each cell seasonally using the 95th percentile, and days with torrential precipitation were identified. By applying the condition of the highest spatial spread of the 95th percentile, the days with the most widespread precipitation above the threshold were identified for each season. Finally, the prevailing atmospheric conditions were examined.
Results: Analysis shows that the highest precipitation of 146.85 mm occurs in winter and the lowest of 85 mm occurs in summer. The highest spatial coverage of total precipitation occurs in spring (41.9), winter (40.69), autumn (32.55) and summer (16.84), respectively.The analysis of sea level pressure indicates that during widespread precipitation in the summer, a low-pressure belt extended from the westernmost to the easternmost regions of the upper atmosphere map, encompassing Iran. In contrast, during other seasons, a high-pressure belt was present in the same area. At the 500 hectopascal level in summer, a closed high-pressure dynamic cell was observed over Iran, while at the 850 hectopascal level, two low-pressure centers over Saudi Arabia and Pakistan intensified instability over Iran. Consequently, it is evident that at lower levels, the conditions for atmospheric precipitation were stable, and even the omega level at 500 hectopascals over Iran on that day indicated a weak upward movement of air. However, in other seasons, a trough consistently positioned over western Iran, with active band patterns in spring and winter, facilitated the slowing and diversion of currents toward moisture sources, thereby enabling the transfer of more moisture than normal conditions to Iran. The precipitation study revealed that, except for the summer season, wind dominated over Iran. The presence of wind intensified instability at lower levels. A study of the Atmospheric River reveals that during widespread rainfall across all seasons, the Atmospheric River, which originates from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, has consistently been present. However, in the fall and winter seasons, a branch from the Mediterranean Sea also contributes, resulting in increased rainfall.
Methods: To achieve this goal, precipitation data was obtained from the ECMWF database with a spatial resolution of 0.25 by 0.25 degrees of arc for the Iranian region during the study period. The next step was to calculate the threshold of torrential precipitation for each cell seasonally using the 95th percentile, and days with torrential precipitation were identified. By applying the condition of the highest spatial spread of the 95th percentile, the days with the most widespread precipitation above the threshold were identified for each season. Finally, the prevailing atmospheric conditions were examined.
Results: Analysis shows that the highest precipitation of 146.85 mm occurs in winter and the lowest of 85 mm occurs in summer. The highest spatial coverage of total precipitation occurs in spring (41.9), winter (40.69), autumn (32.55) and summer (16.84), respectively.The analysis of sea level pressure indicates that during widespread precipitation in the summer, a low-pressure belt extended from the westernmost to the easternmost regions of the upper atmosphere map, encompassing Iran. In contrast, during other seasons, a high-pressure belt was present in the same area. At the 500 hectopascal level in summer, a closed high-pressure dynamic cell was observed over Iran, while at the 850 hectopascal level, two low-pressure centers over Saudi Arabia and Pakistan intensified instability over Iran. Consequently, it is evident that at lower levels, the conditions for atmospheric precipitation were stable, and even the omega level at 500 hectopascals over Iran on that day indicated a weak upward movement of air. However, in other seasons, a trough consistently positioned over western Iran, with active band patterns in spring and winter, facilitated the slowing and diversion of currents toward moisture sources, thereby enabling the transfer of more moisture than normal conditions to Iran. The precipitation study revealed that, except for the summer season, wind dominated over Iran. The presence of wind intensified instability at lower levels. A study of the Atmospheric River reveals that during widespread rainfall across all seasons, the Atmospheric River, which originates from the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, has consistently been present. However, in the fall and winter seasons, a branch from the Mediterranean Sea also contributes, resulting in increased rainfall.
Article number: 3
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/02/12 | Accepted: 2025/05/6 | Published: 2025/08/10
Received: 2025/02/12 | Accepted: 2025/05/6 | Published: 2025/08/10
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