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Mirahmadi A, Yazdan Panah H, Momeni M. (2024). Estimation of Phenology Stages of Rapeseed Using Remote Sensing Vegetation Indices and Digital Camera Images Index. jgs. 24(72), : 13 doi:10.52547/jgs.24.72.231
URL: http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3741-en.html

In recent years, the technology of crop production has been greatly expanded using satellite data. Today, Landsat 8 and OLI sensor data, with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, allow the discovery of factors that control phenology on a local scale. In this study, the remote sensing indices - NDVI, EVI, Greenness, and Brightness - obtained from the OLI sensor and the GCC index obtained from digital camera images were used to estimate the phenological stages of the rapeseed plant. The Savitzky-Goli filter was used to remove outlier data and to produce smooth curves of time series of plant indices. The results showed that the curves obtained from the indices of NDVI, EVI, GCC show all four stages of remote sensing phenology – green-up, dormancy, maturity, and senescence - well, but the Greenness index did not show the dormancy stage well. The Brightness index curve shows the inverse behavior to other curves. According to Pearsonchr('39')s correlation test, GCC index data are correlated with NDVI and Brightness index data .we used the ratio threshold, rate of change and first derivative methods, to estimate "start of season" and "end of season" and the results showed that the first derivative and ratio threshold methods with an average difference of 18 and 19 days in the "start of the season"  and the rate of change method, with an average difference of 8 days, has the best performance in estimating the “end of the season”. Also, the Brightness index with an average difference of 16 days and the EVI index with an average difference of 7 days have the best performance in estimating "start of season" and "end of season", respectively.